THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKS HOLISTIC PROGRAM IN PREVENTING AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AND LOW SELF ESTEEM IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Background: The child may unconsciously use passive-aggressive strategies for various motives such as in obtaining freedom, maintaining dependence, masking a low sense of self-esteem and masking anxiety. One of the impact of aggressive behavior and low self esteem in elementary school children is children unable to socialize with other children, so the academic field will also decrease. The Holistic UKS Program is indispensable in the prevention of aggressive behavior and low self-esteem of children. It is one of the UKS basic school development programs in improving the biological, psychological, social and spiritual health of the school children. Method: The design that done in this writing is sytematic review. Using 15 journals 2010-2017. Data sources get from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google shcolar. The apprasial study uses the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal. Result: physical and mental health services in primary schools have a significant effect on aggressive behavioral changes and low self-esteem in primary schoolaged children. Conclussions: Many countries have implemented school health services both physically and mentally. This can have an effect on the promotion and preventive efforts of primary school age children. It is therefore expected that in Indonesia the School Health Program program is able to provide programs Holistik

EFFECTIVENESS SOCIAL SKILLS TRAINING WITH PEERS PROGRAMS FOR INDIVIDUALS AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Social skills are adaptable skills that enable the individual to get along with friends. Social skills are important for developing relationships, resolving, resolving conflicts, and encouraging self-reliance, otherwise less social skills can lead to unhealthy social relationships, inability to resolve interpersonal conflicts, and social isolation. Decreasing social skills is a major characteristic of individuals with ASD. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the effectiveness of social skills training groups on PEERS programe to increasing social skills individuals with ASD. The keywords to databased search was "social skills training, social skills intervension, PEERS, Autism Spectrum Disorder". According to the journal article that already found and reviewed from Google Scholar, Proques and Science Direct. This search is limited from 2009 to 2017. Most of the journals in this review indicate that social skills training based on a group of PEERS can be intervention in order to improve social skills individuals with Autism Spectum Disorder. Social Skills Training interventions on the PEERS program can be used to increasing social skills and selfsupporting individuals with ASD

Peran Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya Terhadap Ketahanan Psikologis Remaja Yang Mengalami Konflik (The Role Of Social Support Of My People To The Psychological Resilience Of Adolescents In Conflict)

Konflik merupakan masalah yang sering kali terjadi pada remaja. Hal ini dapat memberikan dampak psikologis dan gangguan mental emosional pada remaja dan jika berangsur lama dapat menimbulkan efek yang buruk baik dari mental maupun fisik. Ketahanan psikologis tidak secara langsung ada pada diri remaja, melainkan melalui proses pembelajaran dan dukungan. Studi ini menganalisis dukungan sosial teman sebaya dan ketahanan psikologis remaja yang mengalami konflik dan masalah emosional akibat bullying. Pendekatan Cross-sectional digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 94 remaja. Data diambil dengan cara memberikan kuesioner demografi, informed conscent, the Perceived Social Support from Friend (PSS-Fr) Scale dan The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Data di proses dengan statistik dekriptif dan dianalisis menggunakan Spearman's rho, menggunkan software SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian Usia rata-rata remaja dalam studi ini adalah 14 tahun. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ada korelasi positif antara dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan ketahanan psikologis remaja (p < 0.05). Kesimpulan Penelitian ini megidentifikasi korelasi antara peran dukukan sosial teman sebaya dengan ketahanan psikologis remaja yang mengalami konflik dan masalah emosional akibat bullying. Hal ini menjaleasakn bahwa dukungan sosial teman sebaya memiliki dampak yang positif terhadap ketahanan psikologis remaja dalam menghadapi konflik. Kata kunci : Dukungan Sosial, Ketahanan Psikologis, remaja konfli

Prevention of aggressive behavior and low self-esteem of school-aged children through the holistic school health unit program

Abstract Aggressive behavior in school-aged children is considered normal behavior in the age range of 7-12 years. One of the effects of aggressive behavior and low self-esteem in elementary school children is that a child is not able to socialize with other children, and the academic achievement of children in the field will decrease. This situation will make children have psychological disorders. Holistic School Health Unit (UKS) program is needed in the prevention of aggressive behavior and low selfesteem of children. Holistic UKS program is one of the UKS development programs in elementary schools in promoting good health in terms of biological, psychological, social, and spiritual school time. The study design was used quasi-experimental. The population of this study was 201 schoolage children with a sample size of 52 respondents that divided into two groups, intervention and control group. Each group has 26 respondents. The sample collection technique used purposive sampling, data collection use a questionnaire, and a checklist, while the statistical test used is the Mann Whitney test and the Wilcoxon test. Holistic UKS program held in elementary school aggressive behavior and low positively influenced self-esteem in primary school-age children. Many countries are already implementing school health services, both physically and mentally. It can be influential to promotive and preventive primary school-age children. Therefore expecting in Indonesia for the school health program is able to provide a good program in terms of biological, psychological, social, and spiritual

The frequency of DISC1 Leu607Phe gene polymorphism in schizophrenia patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya

Schizophrenia is a common health problem in the world, including in Indonesia. Polymorphism of gene disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) Leu607Phe is allegedly related to the predisposition to schizophrenia. However, studies on the relationship between polymorphism of DISC1 Leu607Phe and schizophrenia in various etnics provided different results. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of DISC1 Leu607Phegene polymorphism and its association with treatment response in patients with schizophrenia at Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. In this study, the number of male patients with schizophrenia was more than that of the female patients. The mean age of male patients with schizophenia was lower than that of the female patients. Schizophrenia patients were primarily came from Javanese ethnic with positive and negative symptom score (PANSS) lower in male patients than that in the female patients. In conclusion, no DISC1 gene polymorphism at codon 607 is observed in schizophrenia patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, but the G nucleotide variation at the number 196.339 in intron regions is found instead

Correlation Between Oxidative Stress With Clinical Symptoms In Chronic Schizophrenic Patients In Psychiatric Unit of Dr Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya

Background: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder found worldwide, including Indonesia. In people with schizophrenia, there is an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) / Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) production and / or a decrease in antioxidants which results in oxidative stress that can be detected by measuring F2-isoprostane levels as gold standard tests. Oxidative stress results in disruption of neuronal function. It is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms of schizophrenia which can be measured by Positive and Negative symptom Scale (PANSS). The purpose of this study was to determine the association between F2-isprostane levels and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods: This study was an observational analysis study with a case-control study design in 30 people with chronic schizophrenic Javanese patients and 30 healthy Javanese people as the control group with equal sex and age. In all study subjects, F2-isoprostane level was examined by ELISA technique, while PANNS scoring was only measured for people with chronic schizophrenic. Results: Total PANNS scores in male schizophrenic patients (40.71 ± 16.07) were higher than female schizophrenic patients (40.31 ± 11.42). Plasma F2-isoprostane level in schizophrenic group (171.69 ± 14.62) was significantly higher (p <0.05) when compared to control group (92.54 ± 8.08). Conslusion: In this study we found a significant increase of plasma F2-isoprostane level in schizophrenic patients compared with control group. The F2 isoprostane level in schizophrenic patient were not related to the severity of schizophrenia clinical symptoms

Validity and reliability test of Sheehan-suicidality tracking scale in Indonesian adult general population

Abstract Background: One of the strategies to prevent suicide is to use screening method for suicide risk in the community. The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of Sheehan-Suicidality Tracking Scale (S-STS) with Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) as the gold standard; thus the scale is expected to be a screening tool for suicide risk in Indonesia. Methods: This was a descriptive-observational study with cross-sectional design on 300 respondents in Surabaya general population in April 2018. Measurement instruments were S-STS and BSSI self-reports. Results: The average age group of the respondents was 26-35 years. There were 38 respondents (12.67%) positive of suicide risk with BSSI and S-STS with a cut-off >16. All of the items were valid. The sensitivity and specificity of S-STS compared to BSSI for screening tool of suicide risk were 100% and 96.32%, respectively (Area Under Curve = 0.991). Reliability test with Cronbach’s alpha was 0.9802 (95% CI 0.9796-0.9846). Conclusions: S-STS is a valid and reliable instrument for detecting suicidal risk in general population in Surabaya, Indonesia, and there were 9.33% of adult population at risk of suicide

Hepatitis B Infection And Genotype Hepatitis B Virus Among Drug Abused In An Indonesian Teaching Hospital

South East Asia has high level endemicity of hepatitis B infection in the world. The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted by parenteral exposure from infected blood or body fluid. Drug abused group is one of the highest risk expose group of HVB infection. According to Indonesian National Narcotics Board, the drug abused case always rise every year. The aim of this study was to determine the hepatitis B infection among drug abused used Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method, then sequence to determine the HBV genotype. First, hepatitis B infection determined by ELISA method in 101 sera from drug abused. Sera which had positive HBsAg will investigate later to determine the HBV DNA based on surface gen. Sera which had positive DNA HBV will be sequenced and analyzed using computer program version 9. In the result, Seven (6,93%) sera were detected had positive HBsAg from 101 sera and four (57,14%) sera were detected had HBV DNAs from 7 sera. Genotype B were detected in all positive HBV DNAs (100%). Conclusion, We had identified HBV DNA in HBsAg positive sera and others are not known whether it was hepatitis B infection or not. Thus, it is likely that genotype B of HBV is predominant in Indonesia. It needs further investigation to explore hepatitis B prevalence by molecular detection and genotype distribution with greater participant in HBsAg positive and negative

Correlation Between Oxidative Stress With Clinical Symptoms In Chronic Schizophrenic Patients In Psychiatric Unit of Dr Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya

Abstract and Figures Background: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder found worldwide, including Indonesia. In people with schizophrenia, there is an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) / Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) production and / or a decrease in antioxidants which results in oxidative stress that can be detected by measuring F2-isoprostane levels as gold standard tests. Oxidative stress results in disruption of neuronal function. It is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms of schizophrenia which can be measured by Positive and Negative symptom Scale (PANSS). The purpose of this study was to determine the association between F2-isprostane levels and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. Methods: This study was an observational analysis study with a case-control study design in 30 people with chronic schizophrenic Javanese patients and 30 healthy Javanese people as the control group with equal sex and age. In all study subjects, F2-isoprostane level was examined by ELISA technique, while PANNS scoring was only measured for people with chronic schizophrenic. Results: Total PANNS scores in male schizophrenic patients (40.71 ± 16.07) were higher than female schizophrenic patients (40.31 ± 11.42). Plasma F2-isoprostane level in schizophrenic group (171.69 ± 14.62) was significantly higher (p <0.05) when compared to control group (92.54 ± 8.08). Conslusion: In this study we found a significant increase of plasma F2-isoprostane level in schizophrenic patients compared with control group. The F2 isoprostane level in schizophrenic patient were not related to the severity of schizophrenia clinical symptoms