Efficient parallel generation of partitioned, unstructured meshes

In this paper we introduce a method for generating unstructured meshes in parallel which are partitioned in a ‘good’ way. When solving a partial differential equation on a parallel distributed memory machine, the mesh should be decomposed so that the communication requirement of the numerical solver is minimised and also the amount of work to be performed on each processor is approximately equal. Most previous work in this area has concentrated on partitioning a mesh that has already been generated. We introduce a method which actually generates the partitioned mesh in parallel whilst producing a good quality decomposition and compare this method with other approaches

Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol.

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The acquisition of multimodal magnetic resonance-based brain development data is central to the study's core protocol. However, application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods in this population is complicated by technical challenges and difficulties of imaging in early life. Overcoming these challenges requires an innovative and harmonized approach, combining age-appropriate acquisition protocols together with specialized pediatric neuroimaging strategies. The HBCD MRI Working Group aimed to establish a core acquisition protocol for all 27 HBCD Study recruitment sites to measure brain structure, function, microstructure, and metabolites. Acquisition parameters of individual modalities have been matched across MRI scanner platforms for harmonized acquisitions and state-of-the-art technologies are employed to enable faster and motion-robust imaging. Here, we provide an overview of the HBCD MRI protocol, including decisions of individual modalities and preliminary data. The result will be an unparalleled resource for examining early neurodevelopment which enables the larger scientific community to assess normative trajectories from birth through childhood and to examine the genetic, biological, and environmental factors that help shape the developing brain

Desenvolvimento relativo das partes do corpo de zebuínos de quatro raças Relative development of body portions from four zebu breeds

Utilizaram-se 63 machos não-castrados, sendo 16 de cada, das raças Gir, Guzerá, e Mocho Tabapuã e 15 da raça Nelore, com média de idade 24 meses e média de pesos vivos iniciais de 376,4; 357,6, 362,0 e 368,6kg, respectivamente. Os animais de cada raça foram divididos, aleatoriamente, em cinco categorias. Uma categoria foi abatida imediatamente (AB), três receberam, em baias individuais, ração contendo 50% de concentrado na matéria seca "ad libitum" (I, II e III) e uma recebeu a mesma ração, em quantidade restrita, suprindo níveis de proteína e energia 15% acima da mantença (AR). Os animais das categorias I, II e III foram abatidos ao atingirem pesos vivos individuais de 405, 450 e 500kg, respectivamente. No abate, determinou-se o peso de corpo vazio, e pesaram-se os órgãos e vísceras. Adotou-se a equação de regressão do logaritmo da quantidade corporal de órgãos e vísceras em função do logaritmo do peso do corpo vazio. Os componentes do trato gastrintestinal e os outros órgãos internos, excetuando-se o fígado e o baço, revelaram um menor ímpeto de crescimento em relação ao do peso corporal vazio.<br>Sixty-three intact males, 16 Gyr, 16 Guzerat, 15 Nellore and 16 'Mocho Tabapuã', averaging, respectively, 376.4, 357.6, 362.0 and 368.6kg initial live weight and twenty-four months of age, were used. The animals from each breed were divided into five groups (categories). One group was ramdomly assigned to immediate slaughter (AB), three groups were full-fed a ration containing 50% concentrate, dry matter basis until reaching the slaughter weights of 405, 450 and 500kg, respectively (group I, II and III). The fifth group was fed a restricted amount of the same ration to supply levels of protein and energy 15% above maintenance (AR). Each AR animal was slaughtered when an animal correspondent to group II reached the slaughter weight. At slaughter, the empty body weight was determined and the weight of internal organs were recorded. Regression equations of log content of internal organs, carcass and their tissues, as a function of log empty-body-weight (EBW), were fitted. The internal organs developed slower in relation to EBW