La importancia del habla del profesor en la enseñanza de la escritura del inglés como lengua extranjera

The significance of teacher talk should be seriously valued and investigated, especially for the purpose of teaching those skills in which language learners are heavily dependent on the input and instruction received from the teacher. The current study explores English language teacher discourse from a pedagogical perspective in English writing classes. The investigation undertaken based on Analysis of Speech units revealed three distinct pedagogical episodes, namely Focal, Remedial, and Notional talk. By these three modes writing teachers can orally fulfill their pedagogical purposes of teaching, recovering and evaluating the linguistic and ideational structures by either text-directed or non-text directed speech.La importancia del habla del profesor debe de ser valorada e investigada con seriedad, especialmente para el propósito de enseñar las habilidades en las que los estudiantes de lenguas dependen fundamentalmente del input y la instrucción que reciben del profesor. Este estudio exploró el discurso del profesor de inglés desde una perspectiva pedagógica en las clases de escritura en inglés. La investigación sobre la base de las unidades de análisis reveló tres episodios pedagógicos distintos: focal, remediación, y habla nocional. A través de estos tres modos, los profesores de escritura pueden cumplir con sus fines educativos de enseñanza oral, recuperar y la evaluar las estructuras lingüísticas e ideacionales, ya sea dirigido o no dirigido por el texto.This study has been supported by a grant offered by Payam-e- Nour University of Iran as the study sponsor in the decision to submit the paper for publication

Appendectomized Patient and Infections after Surgery

Appendicitis is one of the common surgeries all over the world, and its diagnosis is difficult and based on clinicalexaminations or its symptoms. Moreover, after the surgery is accomplished, it is probable that the patient is faced withcertain problems and complications. In this regard, the present study was carried out in order to review the infectionscaused after appendicitis surgery. The databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct and relevant articleswere collected, in which keywords like appendicitis surgery, perforation, laparoscopy, and infection had been used. A totalnumber of 6,000 articles were retrieved, out of which, 74 relevant articles were examined. The results of the presentstudy indicated that perforated appendix can be the biggest cause of infection and abscess after intra-abdominal surgery.An increase in the level of C-reactive protein and leukocytes is accompanied with the risk of postoperative complicationsincluding infection and abscess. Numerous studies have reported that formation of infection and abscess after laparoscopicappendectomy is a little more than open appendectomy. It is not necessary to consume antibiotics after a non-perforatedappendectomy. It is sufficient to consume antibiotics for 3 to 5 days after a perforated appendectomy to prevent infectionand abscess. With the above results now it is evident that the appendicitis and its complications are still a common problemamong people all over the world. There is still much to discuss among the surgeons with regards to appendicitis and itscomplications

Performance measurement of administration services using balance scorecard and Kano model

This paper performs a survey to measure the performance of an administration unit in Iran based on a popular technique of balance scorecard. The study also uses Kano model to prioritize various factors and to provide necessary recommendation to improve the performance of different units. The survey has indicated that while these offices do well in terms of financial figures as well as customer perspective, they perform poorly in terms of learning and growth. According to our survey, it is essential to use information technology in general service offices, properly. In addition, these administrative agencies need to use hardware and software packages, more efficiently and these two basic items have received much attraction

Efficient filtration system for paraffin-catalyst slurry separation

The filtration efficiency for separating liquid paraffin (or water) from a slurry consisting of 25 weight% spherical alumina in a Slurry Bubble Column Reactor (SBCR) comprised of a cylindrical tube of 10 cm diameter and 150 cm length was studied. Various differential pressures (ΔP) were applied to two separate tubular sintered metal stainless steel filter elements with nominal pore size of 4 and 16μm. The experimental results disclosed that the rate of filtrations increased on applying higher differential pressure to the filter element. Albeit this phenomenon is limited to moderate ΔPs and for ΔP more than 1 bar is neither harmful nor helpful. The highest filtration rates at ΔPs higher than 1 bar were 170 and 248 ml/minute for 4 and 16μm respectively. Using water as the liquid in slurry the rate of filtration enhanced to 4 folds, and this issue reveals impact of viscosity on filtration efficiency clearly. In all situations, the total amount of particles present in the filtrate part never exceeded a few parts per million (ppm). The statistical analysis of the SEM image of the filtrate indicated that by applying higher pressure difference to the filter element the frequency percent of larger particle size increases. The operation of filter cake removing was performed with back flashing of 300 ml of clean liquid with pressures of 3-5 bar of N2 gas

A study on the effect of recent financial turmoil on performance of petrochemical industries: Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange

This paper presents a study to investigate the effect of world’s financial turmoil on performance of petrochemical firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 87 selected people from 250 existing experts who were active in TSE. The study considers four groups of questions associated with liquidity ratios, operating ratios, leverage and profitability ratios. The questions consider whether financial turmoil has influenced on these four groups of financial ratios or not and the results have been verified using t-student test. According to our survey, although financial turmoil does not seem to have any important impact on operating ratios in this sector, the chaos has influenced on other three financial ratios including liquidity, leverage and profitability ratios

Measuring relative performance of banking industry using a DEA and TOPSIS

One of the primary concerns in banking industry is to measure the relative importance of banking industry using popular multi criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques such as data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In this paper, we use these two MCDM techniques to measure the relative efficiencies of 16 private and governmental banks in terms of electronic payment. There are three inputs with DEA methods including the number of issued cards, the number of ATM machines and the number of POSs and there are two outputs including the number of successful ATMs and the number of successful POSs transactions. The proposed study of this paper uses the necessary data of one of Iranian provinces and the results of the implementation of DEA and TOPSIS have indicated that 9 out of 16 banks were efficient. Our study also indicates that mean of relative efficiency for private banks was 82% while this number was 75% for governmental banks