End-to-end well planning strategies for Alaska north slope directional wells

Master's Project (M.S.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2018Directional well planning has gained special attention in the Alaska North Slope (ANS) as operators are being compelled to drill increasing numbers of wells from already congested pads because of low oil prices, Capex restrictions, and environmental regulations. This research focuses on two major components of directional well planning: anti-collision and torque and drag analysis in Schrader Bluff, Milne Point. The drilling pattern at the ANS implies very high wellbore collision risk, especially at the shallower section, which affects the safety of drilling operations. However, satisfying anti-collision norms is not the solitary step towards successful well planning. Integration of anti-collision results with torque and drag analysis is essential in evaluating the safety and feasibility of drilling a particular well path and avoiding drill string failures. In the first part of the study, three well profiles (horizontal, slant, and s-shaped) were planned for each of the two new targets selected in the Schrader Bluff OA sand. Initially, this part of the research compared the performance of the newly developed Operator Wellbore Survey Group (OWSG) error model and the industry-standard Industry Steering Committee for Wellbore Surveying Accuracy (ISCWSA) error model. To provide effective guidelines, the results of error model comparison were used to carry out sensitivity analyses based on four parameters: surface location, well profiles, survey tools, and different target locations in the same sand. The results of this study aid in proposing an improved anti-collision risk management workflow for effective well planning in Arctic areas. The second part of the study investigates the drillability of the well paths planned using the improved anti-collision risk management workflow. Furthermore, this part of the research aims at defining the end point limits for critical well planning parameters, including inclination and dogleg, such that within these limits, the well path satisfies anticollision as well as torque and drag considerations. These limits were generated using a drill string optimized in terms of steerable tool, drill pipe size, mud rheology, trip speed, rotational speed, and weight on bit (WOB) during drilling and tripping out operations. The results of this study would help reduce the cumbersome iterative steps and narrow down the design domain for any well to be drilled on the North Slope of Alaska

End-to-end well planning strategies for Alaska north slope directional wells

Master's Project (M.S.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2018Directional well planning has gained special attention in the Alaska North Slope (ANS) as operators are being compelled to drill increasing numbers of wells from already congested pads because of low oil prices, Capex restrictions, and environmental regulations. This research focuses on two major components of directional well planning: anti-collision and torque and drag analysis in Schrader Bluff, Milne Point. The drilling pattern at the ANS implies very high wellbore collision risk, especially at the shallower section, which affects the safety of drilling operations. However, satisfying anti-collision norms is not the solitary step towards successful well planning. Integration of anti-collision results with torque and drag analysis is essential in evaluating the safety and feasibility of drilling a particular well path and avoiding drill string failures. In the first part of the study, three well profiles (horizontal, slant, and s-shaped) were planned for each of the two new targets selected in the Schrader Bluff OA sand. Initially, this part of the research compared the performance of the newly developed Operator Wellbore Survey Group (OWSG) error model and the industry-standard Industry Steering Committee for Wellbore Surveying Accuracy (ISCWSA) error model. To provide effective guidelines, the results of error model comparison were used to carry out sensitivity analyses based on four parameters: surface location, well profiles, survey tools, and different target locations in the same sand. The results of this study aid in proposing an improved anti-collision risk management workflow for effective well planning in Arctic areas. The second part of the study investigates the drillability of the well paths planned using the improved anti-collision risk management workflow. Furthermore, this part of the research aims at defining the end point limits for critical well planning parameters, including inclination and dogleg, such that within these limits, the well path satisfies anticollision as well as torque and drag considerations. These limits were generated using a drill string optimized in terms of steerable tool, drill pipe size, mud rheology, trip speed, rotational speed, and weight on bit (WOB) during drilling and tripping out operations. The results of this study would help reduce the cumbersome iterative steps and narrow down the design domain for any well to be drilled on the North Slope of Alaska

Synthesis of Fluorescent Anti-Malarial Drug Probes And Evaluation Within Plasmodium Falciparum

Master'sMASTER OF SCIENC

A Review Paper on Arduino Based Platform Height Adaptation For Train

The objective of the project is to reduce the cost of the maintenance of Indian railway and also lots of man power can be reduced by using this project. In The Indian Railways system it is become more necessary to avoid the accident to prevent such kind of accident this technology is used to avoid major accidents.The main objective of this project is to measure distance between footboard and ground by using Arduino system, when the train arrives at the station, platform acts as an obstacle between footboard and ground.Arduino system will again measure the distance between footboard and platform.Arduino gives command to motor as per the distance calculated then the motors are rotated so that entire compartment is been lowered up to particular level.In this way it becomes convenient for the passengers to step in and step out, and many hazardous accidents can be prevented

The Association of Total Meat Intake with Cardio-Metabolic Disease Risk Factors and Measures of Sub-Clinical Atherosclerosis in an Urbanising Community of Southern India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis for the APCAPS Cohort.

AIM: Meat is commonly consumed in India; however, in comparison to Western settings, it is eaten in relatively lower quantities and with minimal processing. The association between meat intake and cardio-metabolic diseases (CMDs) and their risk factors in India is currently uncertain. We examined whether meat intake is associated with risk factors for CMDs and the measures of subclinical atherosclerosis in urbanising villages in southern India. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 6012 adults (52.3% male) participating in the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents' Study (APCAPS), which is a large prospective, intergenerational cohort study in Southern India that began with the long-term follow-up of the Hyderabad Nutrition Trial (1987-1990). We used cross-sectional data from the third wave of data collection conducted in 2010-2012, where total meat intake was assessed using 100-item, semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). The FFQs were validated using multiple weighed 24 h dietary recalls. The main predictor, 'total meat intake', was calculated as the sum of chicken, red meat, and fish consumption. The risk factors for CMDs [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, total cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein] and measures of subclinical atherosclerosis [Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Pulse Wave Velocity, and Augmentation Index] were assessed using standardised clinical procedures. Stratified by gender, the association of meat intake with the risk factors of CMDs and measures of subclinical atherosclerosis was examined using linear multilevel models with random intercept at the household level. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the male (n = 3128) and female participants (n = 2828) was 34.09 years (15.55) and 34.27 years (12.73), respectively. The median (IQR) intake of meat was 17.79 g/day (8.90, 30.26) in males and 8.90 g/day (4.15, 18.82) in females. In males, a 10 g increase in total meat intake/1000 Kcal/day was positively associated with DBP, BMI, WC, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides, whereas in females, a 10 g increase in total meat intake/1000 Kcal/day was positively associated with SBP, DBP, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides. There was no relationship between meat consumption and measures of subclinical atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: Meat intake had a linear positive association with CMD risk factors among the relatively younger Indian population who were consuming meat at lower levels compared to their European counterparts

Association of subclinical atherosclerosis with lipoprotein particles, alcohol consumption, and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids among healthy middle-aged men in an international population-based study

This dissertation includes three manuscripts examining the determinants of subclinical atherosclerosis among asymptomatic middle-aged men from four races/ethnicities. The present study sought to examine: 1) Do differences in the distribution of NMR-measured lipoproteins account for differences in the prevalence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) between Caucasians residing in the US (US White) and Japanese residing in Japan? 2) Is alcohol consumption associated with aortic calcification among middle-aged men? and 3) Are serum levels long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFAs) inversely related to aortic calcification among middle-aged men? We examined the proposed research questions using data from the Electron-Beam Tomography, Risk Factor Assessment among Japanese and U.S. Men in Post-World War II Birth Cohort (ERA-JUMP) study. The major findings were: 1) in a population-based sample of 570 middle-aged men, US White compared to Japanese had significantly different NMR-measured lipoprotein particle distributions. The US White had significantly higher prevalence of CAC ≥10 compared to Japanese after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors [Odds ratio = 3.25; 95% CI= 1.55, 6.84], and this difference was partially attenuated with further adjustment for lipoprotein levels [Odds ratio = 2.58; 95% CI= 1.16, 5.77]. In a multiethnic population-based study of 1033 asymptomatic men aged 40-49 years, after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and patential confounders: 2) the heavy drinkers had significantly higher expected aortic calcification score compared to nondrinkers [Tobit ratio (95% CI) = 2.15 (1.01, 4.57); Odds ratio (95% CI) =1.60 (1.07, 2.41)]; and 3) one standard deviation increase in total LCn-3PUFAs (3.3%), EPA (1.3%), and DHA (2.1%) (using Tobit regression) was associated with 29% (95% CI = 0.51, 1.00), 9% (95% CI = 0.68, 1.23), and 35% (95% CI = 0.46, 0.91) lower expected aortic calcification score respectively. Adequately powered longitudinal studies are warranted: 1) to systematically examine the specific reasons for lower subclinical atherosclerosis among Japanese compared to western countries; 2) to further clarify the association between alcohol consumption and the incidence and the progression of atherosclerosis; and 3) to disentangle the differential effect of EPA and DHA on atherosclerosis, and the underlying biological mechanisms. From the public health importance, current study findings extend our understanding of NMR-measured lipoproteins, alcohol consumption, and LCn-3PUFAs related to subclinical atherosclerosis

Assessment of the Nutritional Status and Immunization Coverage of Anganwadi Children in Rafiq Nagar, Mumbai

Abstract India has made huge strides in the past decades in warding off the spectre of famine. The Green Revolution should have gone a long way to tackling child malnutrition, Norman Borlaug's creation of dwarf spring wheat strains in the 1960s meant that India could feed itself at last. Better farming techniques and food security policies have made mass starvation a thing of the past. Yet the problem of child malnutrition remains critical, and the reasons it deserves concerted attention are many. Besides the obvious moral obligation to protect the weakest in society, the economic cost to India is and will be staggering. The present study is carried out to assess the nutritional status and immunization coverage of children attending Anganwadi in Rafiq nagar Mumbai. A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted at Rafiq Nagar urban slum which is a field practice area of Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, TN Medical College, Mumbai, India. All children below 6 years of age attending 6 Anganwadi were included. The information was gathered by personal interview of mothers using semi-structured questionnaires. Out of 194 children 93 (47.9%) were males. According to WHO malnutrition grading, 59.8% children were malnourished and only 90 (46.4%) were completely immunized. Malnutrition was prevalent in the age group of 1-2 years. Thus mother should be properly educated regarding the nutritional needs of the growing children and importance of complete immunization. Importance of exclusive breastfeeding, timely weaning, provision of proper protein rich and energy dense complementary food should be stressed