Monitoring of Noctiluca Bloom in Mandapam and Keelakarai Coastal Waters; Southeast Coast of India

Monitoring the Harmful Algal Blooms was carried out during July to December 2008 in Mandapam and Keelakarai coastal waters of Tamil Nadu, Southeast coast of India. In the month of October several fishes and shellfishes were died due to Noctiluca blooms along these two areas. The present investigation the following species of phyto and zooplankton were found to be common; phytoplankton such as Coscinodiscus sp., Skeletonema costatum, Bacillaria paradoxa, Thallassiothrix frauenfeldii, T. longisima, Leptocylindrus sp., and  zooplankton such as Paracalanus parvus, Acrocalanus gracilis, Pseudodiaptomus serricautatus, Rhincalanus cornutus, R. nasutus, Euterpina acutifrons, Nannocalanus minor, Eucalanus attenuates, E. crassus, Fish larvae, Fish eggs, Barnacle nauplii, Bivalve larvae, Gastropod larvae, Copepod nauplii  and Mysis larvae. The hydrobiological parameters also analysed during bloom and after blooms; the dissolved oxygen (2.6 – 4.9µM L-1) nutrients varied between nitrate (0.66 – 1.01µM L-1) nitrite (0.11 – 0.21µM L-1) phosphate (0.51 – 0.86µM L-1) and silicate (0.81 – 4.2µM L-1)

Evaluation of Real Time PCR Detection of the 47 kDa Gene for Reliable Diagnosis of Pediatric Scrub Typhus

Diagnosis of scrub typhus is difficult, because of its non-specific clinical features and a lack of reliable serological assays. This study assessed real time PCR detection of the 47 kDa gene along with routine IgM ELISA for confirmatory diagnosis of scrub typhus. This observational study was conducted between March 2021 and February 2023. Real time PCR detection of the 47 kDa gene was used as a diagnostic assay. Confirmed scrub typhus cases were defined by IgM ELISA and/or real time PCR positivity. A total of 105 children (0–18 years of age) were enrolled, 30 (28.57%) of whom were confirmed to have scrub typhus, according to IgM ELISA and/or real time PCR positivity. The clinical symptoms of scrub typhus positive children included fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, breathing difficulties, lymphadenopathy, rash, headache, edema, seizure, and poor intake. Good statistical correlations were observed among real time scrub positivity, high grade fever of 8.2 days’ duration, the presence of eschar and thrombocytopenia. Non-specific respiratory symptoms; cough, and cold were more severe in patients with scrub typhus. The real time PCR test showed good specificity in discriminating scrub typhus from enteric fever, a common pediatric disease. Detection of the 47 kDa gene with real time PCR has good sensitivity and specificity. The number of days between fever onset and sampling, as well as the administration of antibiotics before sampling, influence the performance of real-time PCR

TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF VITAL PULP THERAPY IN PERMANENT TEETH WITH COMPLICATED CROWN FRACTURES USING MTA AND BIODENTINE– A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Complicated crown fractures account for about 8% of dental traumatic injuries . In such cases, management should be aimed at preserving the vitality of dental pulp thereby maintaining continued function and aesthetics. Among the various bioactive materials introduced, calcium silicate - based cements like mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine are frequently used as pulp dressing agents in vital pulp therapy procedures . MTA has widely been used in vital pulp therapy but certain drawbacks like longer setting time and tooth discoloration limits its usage. Biodentine which was introduced as a dentine substitute claims to overcome these limitations by possessing better handling and mechanical properties, shorter setting time and less discoloration. Hence, it is essential to evaluate the treatment outcomes of both the materials based on available evidence from the literature to compare them for better clinical understanding

Lasers in Green Manufacturing Processes

A safe and healthy work piece is important for sustainable manufacturing process. Green laser surface hardening is a heat treatment process on a part of its application does not use water or oil as quenching media, because it is self-quenching and less detrimental to the environment. Since it is an energy saving process it is fast being adopted by manufacturing industries. Quenching media used in conventional heat treatment process for a sudden cooling of the heated work piece to get hard structure transformation. Unfortunately the reactions of quenchant with hot working also have several negative health, production cost, and environmental impact.This paper focuses the experimental investigation into the roller of green surface hardening on energy saving, the production cost of the industrial components. A comparative study of surface hardening under conventional and laser sources was conducted using similar components. The results show that the quality of hardening improved in laser hardening but the process time increased marginally at one stage and reduced at other shapes of manufacturing. In analyzing the process cost laser hardening show cast saving notably.</jats:p

HISTOLOGICAL OUTCOMES OF REGENERATIVE ENDODONTIC PROCEDURES – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ANIMAL STUDIES

MATERIALS AND METHODS PROTOCOL AND REGISTRATION The Systematic review will be carried out based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-analysis) guidelines. The protocol will be registered on OSF platform. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the histological outcomes reported in the literature following regenerative endodontic procedures in animal studies? The Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) strategy was used for framing the above research question Population - Regenerative endodontic treatment in animal models Intervention – Regenerative endodontic procedure Comparison – Not applicable Outcome – Histological outcome DATA SOURCES AND SEARCH STRATEGY A literature search covering four electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest will be conducted without any date restrictions. Once the articles were identified, they will be exported to a reference management software Rayyan — a web and mobile app for systematic reviews to assess the data and remove duplicates. A search strategy will be developed through MeSH terms and adapted for other databases. The search terms are regenerative endodontic procedures, immature teeth, mature teeth, open apex, resorption and outcomes. They will be complemented with additional terms during the electronic database search. Four main endodontic journals, Journal of Endodontics, International Endodontic Journal, European Endodontic Journal and Australian Endodontic Journal were screened for articles that were not in databases but were in Press. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA OF STUDIES INCLUSION CRITERIA • Animal studies with histological examination following regenerative endodontic procedures in necrotic teeth in English language EXCLUSION CRITERIA • Clinical studies (case reports, randomized clinical trials, controlled clinical trials, prospective case series, and retrospective studies) • Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis • Literature reviews • Dissertations • Studies which did not include outcomes • Studies in languages other than English • In – vitro studies • Book chapters • Conference abstract