PERMIAN CORALS FROM CHITRAL (NW PAKISTAN)

The present paper describes the species Pseudobuangia chitralica,  Yatsengia hangchowensis, ? Protomichelinia multitabulata multitabulata,  Protomichelinia guizhouensis flexuosa, Protomichelinia siyangensis and Sinopora ? cf. syrinx  from the Baroghil region of NW Pakistan. The fauna originates from different levels, from the Sakmarian to the Artinskian, or even a more younger

Coactivators p300 and PCAF physically and functionally interact with the foamy viral trans-activator

BACKGROUND: Foamy virus Bel1/Tas trans-activators act as key regulators of gene expression and directly bind to Bel1 response elements (BRE) in both the internal and the 5'LTR promoters leading to strong transcriptional trans-activation. Cellular coactivators interacting with Bel1/Tas are unknown to date. RESULTS: Transient expression assays, co-immunoprecipitation experiments, pull-down assays, and Western blot analysis were used to demonstrate that the coactivator p300 and histone acetyltransferase PCAF specifically interact with the retroviral trans-activator Bel1/Tas in vivo. Here we show that the Bel1/Tas-mediated trans-activation was enhanced by the coactivator p300, histone acetyltransferases PCAF and SRC-1 based on the crucial internal promoter BRE. The Bel1/Tas-interacting region was mapped to the C/H1 domain of p300 by co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays. In contrast, coactivator SRC-1 previously reported to bind to the C-terminal domain of p300 did not directly interact with the Bel1 protein but nevertheless enhanced Bel1/Tas-mediated trans-activation. Cotransfection of Bel1/Tas and p300C with an expression plasmid containing the C/H1domain partially inhibited the p300C-driven trans-activation. CONCLUSIONS: Our data identify p300 and PCAF as functional partner molecules that directly interact with Bel1/Tas. Since the acetylation activities of the three coactivators reside in or bind to the C-terminal regions of p300, a C/H1 expression plasmid was used as inhibitor. This is the first report of a C/H1 domain-interacting retroviral trans-activator capable of partially blocking the strong Bel1/Tas-mediated activation of the C-terminal region of coactivator p300. The potential mechanisms and functional roles of the three histone and factor acetyltransferases p300, PCAF, and SRC-1 in Bel1/Tas-mediated trans-activation are discussed

German Geographical Research on North America : A Bibliography with Comments and Annotations

The 27th International Geographical Congress in Washington, D.C., 1992 is the first geographical congress to take place in the United States for 40 years. This event and the 40th anniversaiy of the readmittance of Germany into the IGU offer a welconte opportunity of providing the international scientific Community with a survey of the research on North America by German and German speaking geographers in the form of a commentated bibliography

Integrated Water Resources Management System: a decision support system based on remote sensing data evaluation

International audienceNo abstrac

The development of an innovative computer based "Integrated water resources management system" for semi-arid catchments : concept and firts results

International audienc