2,036 research outputs found
What Process is Due? Courts and Science-Policy Disputes
A Review of What Process is Due? Courts and Science-Policy Disputes by David M. O\u27Brie
Differential Functional Connectivity of Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex During Emotional Interference
The rostral-ventral subdivision of the anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) plays a key role in the regulation of emotional processing. Although rACC has strong anatomical connections with anterior insular cortex (AIC), amygdala, prefrontal cortex and striatal brain regions, it is unclear whether the functional connectivity of rACC with these regions changes when regulating emotional processing. Furthermore, it is not known whether this connectivity changes with deficits in emotion regulation seen in different kinds of anxiety and depression. To address these questions regarding rACC functional connectivity, non-patients high in self-reported anxious apprehension (AP), anxious arousal (AR), anhedonic depression (AD) or none (CON) indicated the ink color of pleasant, neutral and unpleasant words during functional magnetic resonance imaging. While ignoring task-irrelevant unpleasant words, AD and CON showed an increase in the functional connectivity of rACC with AIC, putamen, caudate and ventral pallidum. There was a decrease in this connectivity in AP and AR, with AP showing greater reduction than AR. These findings provide support for the role of rACC in integrating interoceptive, emotional and cognitive functions via interactions with insula and striatal regions during effective emotion regulation in healthy individuals and a failure of this integration that may be specific to anxiety, particularly AP
Preclinical studies in Krabbe disease: A model for the investigation of novel combination therapies for lysosomal storage diseases
Krabbe disease (KD) is a lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by mutations in the galc gene. There are over 50 monogenetic LSDs, which largely impede the normal development of children and often lead to premature death. At present, there are no cures for LSDs and the available treatments are generally insufficient, short acting, and not without co-morbidities or long-term side effects. The last 30 years have seen significant advances in our understanding of LSD pathology as well as treatment options. Two gene therapy-based clinical trials, NCT04693598 and NCT04771416, for KD were recently started based on those advances. This review will discuss how our knowledge of KD got to where it is today, focusing on preclinical investigations, and how what was discovered may prove beneficial for the treatment of other LSDs
The Phase Diagram of High Temperature QCD with Three Flavors of Improved Staggered Quarks
We report on progress in our study of high temperature QCD with three flavors
of improved staggered quarks. Simulations are being carried out with three
degenerate quarks with masses less than or equal to the strange quark mass,
, and with degenerate up and down quarks with masses in the range , and the strange quark mass fixed near its physical
value. For the quark masses studied to date we find rapid crossovers, which
sharpen as the quark mass is reduced, rather than bona fide phase transitions.Comment: Lattice 2003 (Nonzero temperature and density
Differential Functional Connectivity of Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex During Emotional Interference
The rostral-ventral subdivision of the anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) plays a key role in the regulation of emotional processing. Although rACC has strong anatomical connections with anterior insular cortex (AIC), amygdala, prefrontal cortex and striatal brain regions, it is unclear whether the functional connectivity of rACC with these regions changes when regulating emotional processing. Furthermore, it is not known whether this connectivity changes with deficits in emotion regulation seen in different kinds of anxiety and depression. To address these questions regarding rACC functional connectivity, non-patients high in self-reported anxious apprehension (AP), anxious arousal (AR), anhedonic depression (AD) or none (CON) indicated the ink color of pleasant, neutral and unpleasant words during functional magnetic resonance imaging. While ignoring task-irrelevant unpleasant words, AD and CON showed an increase in the functional connectivity of rACC with AIC, putamen, caudate and ventral pallidum. There was a decrease in this connectivity in AP and AR, with AP showing greater reduction than AR. These findings provide support for the role of rACC in integrating interoceptive, emotional and cognitive functions via interactions with insula and striatal regions during effective emotion regulation in healthy individuals and a failure of this integration that may be specific to anxiety, particularly AP
Heavy-light meson decay constants with N_f=3
During the past year the MILC Collaboration has continued its study of
heavy-light meson decay constants with three dynamical quarks. Calculations
have been extended to a second lattice spacing of about 0.09 fm. At this
lattice spacing, there are results in the quenched approximation and for three
sets of dynamical quark mass: m_l=m_s; m_l=0.4 m_s and m_l=0.2 m_s, where m_l
is the light mass for the u and d quarks and m_s is the strange quark mass. At
the coarser lattice spacing, for which results were presented at Lattice 2001,
statistics have been increased for two sets of quark masses and three
additional sets of quark masses have been studied, giving a total of eight
combinations used to interpolate between the quenched and chiral limits. When
these calculations are completed, we can study the decay constants taking into
account both chiral and continuum extrapolations.Comment: Lattice2002(heavyquark), 3 pages, 3 color figures, to appear in the
proceedings of Lattice 200
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