<p>Virus replication was determined by measuring HIV-1 p24 levels in the culture supernatants in PBMC from six individual donors at day 7 post-infection performed in duplicate. Blocking TNF (at 2 ug/ml or 5 ug/ml) or IL-6 (5 ug/ml) significantly decreased virus replication (*, p<0.05) as compared to the same concentrations of an IgG<sub>1</sub> control antibody. Blocking of MCP-1 alone on average minimally decreased HIV-1 replication, but this did not reach statistical significance. Virus replication was further significantly inhibited in cultures containing a mixture of blocking antibodies to TNF, IL-6, and MCP-1 at a concentration of 2 µg/ml and 5 µg/ml (**, p<0.01). Results are shown as mean±SEM.</p