Supporting Data Analysis for "Unifying Life History Analysis for Inference of Fitness and Population Growth"

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The Effect of Plant Inbreeding and Stoichiometry on Interactions with Herbivores in Nature: Echinacea angustifolia and Its Specialist Aphid

Fragmentation of once widespread communities may alter interspecific interactions by changing genetic composition of interacting populations as well as their abundances and spatial distributions. In a long-term study of a fragmented population of Echinacea angustifolia, a perennial plant native to the North American prairie, we investigated influences on its interaction with a specialist aphid and tending ants. We grew plant progeny of sib-matings (I), and of random pairings within (W) and between (B) seven remnants in a common field within 8 km of the source remnants. During the fifth growing season, we determined each plant's burden of aphids and ants, as well as its size and foliar elemental composition (C, N, P). We also assayed composition (C, N) of aphids and ants. Early in the season, progeny from genotypic classes B and I were twice as likely to harbor aphids, and in greater abundance, than genotypic class W; aphid loads were inversely related to foliar concentration of P and positively related to leaf N and plant size. At the end of the season, aphid loads were indistinguishable among genotypic classes. Ant abundance tracked aphid abundance throughout the season but showed no direct relationship with plant traits. Through its potential to alter the genotypic composition of remnant populations of Echinacea, fragmentation can increase Echinacea's susceptibility to herbivory by its specialist aphid and, in turn, perturb the abundance and distribution of aphids

More Supporting Data Analysis for “Unifying Life History Analysis for Inference of Fitness and Population Growth” By

backing up a paper having the same authors as this TR and having the title that is quoted in the title of this TR. This reanalysis was not in the first submission of the paper, which instead had analyses given in Chapters 3 and 4 of TR 658. This analysis is for the second submission (to the same journal, American Naturalist) of that paper. Unlike the first analyses, these reanalyses directly estimate the fitness landscape rather than quantities related to it. The two analyses are also much more alike than the two analyses for the first submission. Both estimate exactly the same quantities, although one has to work harder to do so. In an unrelated issue, we also give an example of subsampling a component of fitness and its affect on parameter estimates. This issue was mentioned in the first draft of the paper, but this is the first worked example illustrating this method. 21 Creating this Document This document is created from its source file tr661.Rnw using the R Sweave command and the LATEX document preparation system. First do Sweave("tr661.Rnw") if you have downloaded the file, or d