Electroluminescence from two junction punch through structures in silicon nanowires

Hot carrier electroluminescence in two junction devices under punch through conditions manufactured in silicon on insulator nanowires are investigated. Of interest is the spectral content of the light emission, as well as the external power efficiency and the light extraction efficiency. An order of magnitude improvement in external power efficiency was achieved relative to a bulk silicon p-n junction in avalanche.http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=68hb2016Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineerin

Analytical confirmation of imidacloprid poisoning in granivorous Cape spurfowl (Pternistis capensis)

Reports were received that Cape spurfowl (Pternistis capensis) fell during flight and scrambled uncoordinatedly for cover and some died. Three carcases were submitted for necropsy examination, which revealed mainly congestion of the carcases and haemorrhages. Common causes of acute mortalities in birds were first excluded, but there was a history of possible exposure to imidacloprid-treated barley seeds. Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, is used to protect various crops against invertebrate pests. The combined crop contents and pooled liver samples collected from the Cape spurfowl during necropsy were submitted for liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for imidacloprid analysis. Imidacloprid and several of its metabolites were detected in the samples. Farmers should cover sown seeds with a layer of soil and remove any spilled seeds, as granivorous birds are susceptible to imidacloprid intoxication. Regulatory authorities should re-evaluate the risk posed by imidacloprid-treated seeds for pollinators and granivorous birds

Cello for Africa

This exegesis is an accompaniment to the CD Cello for Africa – a collection of innovative musical compositions for cello by South African composers, commissioned to specifically explore an original sound combination by merging diverse musical cultures and instruments, thereby creating a forum for cultural interaction within the diverse South African setting. The CD recording represents the outcome of a four-year research process and a musical and personal journey with my cello into the Africa of my birth and heritage, and counts as the fourth performance towards meeting the requirements for the DMA. The purpose of the exegesis is to make explicit what the objectives of the CD project were, and to explain the methodological steps that were taken to complete it. The discussion about the works, the collaborations with composers and musicians, and the reception of the performance demonstrate how the objectives have been fulfilled. Furthermore, the exegesis explains how the research contributes to new knowledge. The process of creating the document has been one of reflection, and engages with the methodology of autoethnography. The first part explains how the project came about as a result of personal questioning of my identity as an expatriate South African. It includes a review of South African music for cello, exploring characteristics of South African music, as well as my work with selected composers, and ends with an explanation of the works I commissioned. The second part explains the process of bringing the works to performance in terms of logistics and my own performance preparations. The third part explores autoethnography as a mode of reflection and the methods associated with it. The themes that surfaced from the story about the circumstances and intentions behind the project deal with identity formation, a sense of, and a connection to, place and intercultural collaboration with reference to contemporary writing on the subjects of music, identity and place. The fourth and final part deals with the reception of the music, the personal consequences of it, and plans for further projects along the same lines.

Cello for Africa

This exegesis is an accompaniment to the CD Cello for Africa – a collection of innovative musical compositions for cello by South African composers, commissioned to specifically explore an original sound combination by merging diverse musical cultures and instruments, thereby creating a forum for cultural interaction within the diverse South African setting. The CD recording represents the outcome of a four-year research process and a musical and personal journey with my cello into the Africa of my birth and heritage, and counts as the fourth performance towards meeting the requirements for the DMA. The purpose of the exegesis is to make explicit what the objectives of the CD project were, and to explain the methodological steps that were taken to complete it. The discussion about the works, the collaborations with composers and musicians, and the reception of the performance demonstrate how the objectives have been fulfilled. Furthermore, the exegesis explains how the research contributes to new knowledge. The process of creating the document has been one of reflection, and engages with the methodology of autoethnography. The first part explains how the project came about as a result of personal questioning of my identity as an expatriate South African. It includes a review of South African music for cello, exploring characteristics of South African music, as well as my work with selected composers, and ends with an explanation of the works I commissioned. The second part explains the process of bringing the works to performance in terms of logistics and my own performance preparations. The third part explores autoethnography as a mode of reflection and the methods associated with it. The themes that surfaced from the story about the circumstances and intentions behind the project deal with identity formation, a sense of, and a connection to, place and intercultural collaboration with reference to contemporary writing on the subjects of music, identity and place. The fourth and final part deals with the reception of the music, the personal consequences of it, and plans for further projects along the same lines.

The emotional well-being of the nurse within the multi-skill setting

The emotional well-being of nurses working in a multi-skill setting may be negatively influenced by their challenging work environment. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual study was conducted to investigate this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experience, as well as perceptions of coping mechanisms, of nurses working in the multi-skill setting, and to formulate recommendations to promote their emotional wellbeing. The population consisted of nurses working in a multi-skill setting (a Level-2 hospital)and included professional nurses, enrolled nurses and nurse assistants. An all-inclusive sample was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three professional nurses,six enrolled nurses and one nurse assistant. These interviews were analysed according to the method described by Creswell (2003:192). The findings indicated that nurses have positive as well as negative experiences of the multi-skill setup. They cope by means of prioritising tasks, faith, self-motivation and mutual support. They also made suggestions for the promotion of their emotional well-being, on personal as well as managerial levels. Recommendations for further research, nurse education and practice were formulated. Recommendations for practice include ‘on-the-spot’ in-service training, appropriate task allocation, clearly defined scope of practice, time for rest and debriefing, strengthened relationships with management, promotion of strengths and creating a support system.Die emosionele welstand van verpleegkundiges werksaam in ‘n multivaardigheidsopset kan moontlik negatief beïnvloed word deur die uitdagende werksomgewing. ‘n Kwalitatiewe, verkennende, beskrywende en kontekstuele studie is uitgevoer om hierdie verskynsel te ondersoek. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die ervaring van verpleegkundiges, asook hul persepsies van hanteringsmeganismes, in ‘n multi-vaardigheidsopset te verken en beskryf, sowel as om aanbevelings vir die bevordering van hulle emosionele welstand te formuleer. Die populasie het bestaan uit verpleegkundiges werksaam in ‘n multivaardigheidsopset (‘n Vlak-2 hospitaal) en het professionele verpleegkundiges, ingeskrewe verpleegkundiges en verpleegassistente ingesluit. ‘n Alles-insluitende steekproef is gebruik. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is met drie professionele verpleegkundiges, ses ingeskrewe verpleegkundiges en een verpleegassistent gevoer. Hierdie onderhoude is volgens die metode deur Creswell(2003:192) beskryf, geanaliseer. Die bevindinge het getoon dat verpleegkundiges positiewe sowel as negatiewe ervaringe van die multivaardigheidsopset het. Hulle gebruik taakprioritisering, geloof, selfmotivering en wedersydse ondersteuning as hanteringsmeganismes. Hulle het ook voorstelle gemaak vir die bevordering van hul emosionele welstand, op persoonlike sowel as bestuursvlak. Aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing, verpleegonderwys en die praktyk is geformuleer. Aanbevelings vir die praktyk sluit in ‘in-die-oomblik’ indiensopleiding,toepaslike taaktoewysing, duidelikheid oor bestek van praktyk, tyd vir rus en ontlading, verbeterde verhoudings met bestuur, bevordering van sterk karaktereienskappe en die skep van ‘n ondersteuningsnetwerk

Analytical confirmation of imidacloprid poisoning in granivorous Cape spurfowl (Pternistis capensis)

Reports were received that Cape spurfowl (Pternistis capensis) fell during flight and scrambled uncoordinatedly for cover and some died. Three carcases were submitted for necropsy examination, which revealed mainly congestion of the carcases and haemorrhages. Common causes of acute mortalities in birds were first excluded, but there was a history of possible exposure to imidacloprid-treated barley seeds. Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, is used to protect various crops against invertebrate pests. The combined crop contents and pooled liver samples collected from the Cape spurfowl during necropsy were submitted for liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for imidacloprid analysis. Imidacloprid and several of its metabolites were detected in the samples. Farmers should cover sown seeds with a layer of soil and remove any spilled seeds, as granivorous birds are susceptible to imidacloprid intoxication. Regulatory authorities should re-evaluate the risk posed by imidacloprid-treated seeds for pollinators and granivorous birds.http://www.jsava.co.zaam2018Paraclinical Science