Феномен мастурбации: негативное или позитивное явление?

Рассмотрены разные взгляды на роль мастурбации в становлении сексуальности человека. Представлены результаты собственных исследований автора, проведенных с целью установить значение этого феномена для формирования сексуального поведения и сексуального здоровья.Various opinions about the role of masturbation in human sexuality development are discussed. The findings of the original research performed to evaluate the significance of this phenomenon in formation of sexual behavior and sexual health are reported

Периоды апробации метода прогноза интегральной метанообильности шахты

Розроблені аналітичній та натурній методи урахування метанового потенціалу вугільних шахт, апробація яких в умовах діючих об’єктів вдовж 5 термінів (1967 – 2009 рр.) показала високу надійність метода прогнозу інтегральної метанообільності шахт ІМА (~9 тис. порівнянь). На базі цього методу пропонується розробить державний нормативний документ для урахування метанового потенціалу вугільних шахт та реалізувати науково-технічні проекти авторів, які включені в програму науково-технічного розвитку Донецької області до 2020 р.Analytic and nature methods of calculation of methane potential of the collieries which check in the conditions of operating objects during 5 periods (1967 – 2009 years) has shown high reliability concerning of the method integrated methane of abundance of object IMA (~9 000 results) are developed. On the basis of this method it is offered to develop the state standard document for calculation of methane potential of collieries and to realize author’s projects to be conclusion to the science-technical program of development of Donetsk region to 2020 year

TBX2, a Novel Regulator of Labour

Background and Objectives: Therapeutic interventions targeting molecular factors involved in the transition from uterine quiescence to overt labour are not substantially reducing the rate of spontaneous preterm labour. The identification of novel rational therapeutic targets are essential to prevent the most common cause of neonatal mortality. Based on our previous work showing that Tbx2 (T-Box transcription factor 2) is a putative upstream regulator preceding progesterone withdrawal in mouse myometrium, we now investigate the role of TBX2 in human myometrium. Materials and Methods: RNA microarray analysis of (A) preterm human myometrium samples and (B) myometrial cells overexpressing TBX2 in vitro, combined with subsequent analysis of the two publicly available datasets of (C) Chan et al. and (D) Sharp et al. The effect of TBX2 overexpression on cytokines/chemokines secreted to the myometrium cell culture medium were determined by Luminex assay. Results: Analysis shows that overexpression of TBX2 in myometrial cells results in downregulation of TNFα- and interferon signalling. This downregulation is consistent with the decreased expression of cytokines and chemokines of which a subset has been previously associated with the inflammatory pathways relevant for human labour. In contrast, CXCL5 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5), CCL21 and IL-6 (Interleukin 6), previously reported in relation to parturition, do not seem to be under TBX2 control. The combined bioinformatical analysis of the four mRNA datasets identifies a subset of upstream regulators common to both preterm and term labour under control of TBX2. Surprisingly, TBX2 mRNA levels are increased in preterm contractile myometrium. Conclusions: We identified a subset of upstream regulators common to both preterm and term labour that are activated in labour and repressed by TBX2. The increased TBX2 mRNA expression in myometrium collected during a preterm caesarean section while in spontaneous preterm labour compared to tissue harvested during iatrogenic preterm delivery does not fit the bioinformatical model. We can only explain this by speculating that the in vivo activity of TBX2 in human myometrium depends not only on the TBX2 expression levels but also on levels of the accessory proteins necessary for TBX2 activity

Nifedipine versus atosiban in the treatment of threatened preterm labour (Assessment of Perinatal Outcome after Specific Tocolysis in Early Labour: APOSTEL III-Trial)

Background: Preterm birth is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Postponing delivery for 48 hours with tocolytics to allow for maternal steroid administration and antenatal transportation to a centre wit

Neonatal side effects of maternal labetalol treatment in severe preeclampsia

Objective: Labetalol is often used in severe preeclampsia (PE). Hypotension, bradycardia and hypoglycemia are feared neonatal side effects, but may also occur in (preterm) infants regardless of labetalol exposure. We analyzed the possible association between intrauterine labetalol exposure and such side effects. Study design: From 1 January 2003 through 31 March 2008, all infants from mothers suffering severe PE admitted to one tertiary care center were included. Severe PE was defined according to the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy (ISSHP) criteria. Infants exposed to labetalol in utero (labetalol infants) were compared with infants, who were not exposed to labetalol (controls). Neonatal records were reviewed for hypotension (RR Results: Of 109 infants, 55 had been exposed to labetalol, whereas 54 were not (controls). Gestational age at delivery and birthweight were similar in both groups (31.8 vs. 32.8 weeks (p = 0.06) and 1510 vs. 1639 grams (p=0.25), respectively for the labetalol vs. control group). Hypotension occurred significantly more in conjunction with labetalol exposure (16, (29.1%) vs. 4 (7.4%); p = 0.003). irrespective of the route of administration. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was present in 9(56%) of hypotensive labetalol infants compared to 1(24%) infant in the hypotensive control group (NS). In a multivariate regression model, labetalol exposure, the need for intubation and PDA appeared independently associated with hypotension (P Conclusion: Hypotension is more common after maternal labetalol exposure, regardless of the dosage and route of administration. The need for intubation and the presence of a PDA also play a role. Hypoglycemia is a very common finding in this population and is merely related to prematurity and independent of labetalol exposure as was the incidental occurrence of bradycardia. These findings on the neonatal side effects of maternal labetalol treatment in preeclampsia underline the importance of frequent blood glucose and blood pressure measurements in the first days of life, especially in intubated preterm infants with a PDA. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Cardiovascular disease risk in women with premature ovarian insufficiency:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aims The purpose of this review was to assess the relationship between premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), defined as natural menopause Methods and results We performed a systematic search in PubMed (1966-2012), EMBASE (1980-2012). Studies were included if they were prospective, follow-up>3 years, assessment of age menopause Conclusion POI is an independent though modest risk factor of IHD and overall CVD but not of stroke. Because of the limited impact of POI on CVD risk compared to classical cardiovascular risk factors, it is unlikely that POI will be implemented as modifier of cardiovascular risk classification

Relationship between recurrent miscarriage and early preterm delivery and recurrent events in patients with manifest vascular disease : The SMART study

BACKGROUND: Women with a complication of pregnancy are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality later in life. Yet, information on risk of recurrent events in women with a previous cardiovascular event is lacking. We aimed to assess the relationship between early preterm delivery, (recurrent) miscarriage and the risk for recurrent cardiovascular events in women with manifest vascular disease. METHODS: We included 1014 women with a mean age of 60 years from the SMART study, a prospective ongoing cohort study among subjects with clinically manifest vascular disease. The included women had a history of ≥1 pregnancy and were followed for the occurrence of subsequent vascular events. The relationship between the pregnancy complications ((miscarriage (gestational age <14 weeks), recurrent miscarriage (≥3 miscarriages) and early preterm delivery (gestational age 14-32 weeks)) and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were estimated using multivariable adjusted hazard ratios. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 5.0 years, 80 women had a recurrent cardiovascular event, of which 28 were fatal. A history of recurrent miscarriage was associated with an increased risk for a recurrent cardiovascular event (hazard ratio 4.3 95% confidence interval 1.7--10.9). In addition, early preterm delivery was related to a 4.1 (95% confidence interval 1.5--11.3) fold increased risk of cardiovascular death in women with previous cardiovascular disease. No statistically significant relationships were found for less than three miscarriages. CONCLUSIONS: In women with previous cardiovascular disease, an obstetric history of recurrent miscarriage is associated with an increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular morbidity and early preterm delivery with cardiovascular mortality

Menstrual cycle and its disorders in women with congenital heart disease

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the age at menarche, the prevalence of menstrual cycle (interval) disorders, and determinants in women with congenital heart disease (CHD). DESIGN: Using two CHD registries, 1802 (82%) of the 2196 women with CHD contacted (aged 18-58 years) provided written informed consent. After exclusion of patients with genetic disorders known to be associated with menstrual cycle disorders, 1593 eligible patients remained. Interviews by telephone and reviews of medical records were conducted. RESULTS: Overall, the age at menarche was slightly increased in women with CHD (13.3 vs. 13.1 years in the general population), mainly attributable to an increased prevalence of primary amenorrhea (n = 147; 9.2%). Other menstrual cycle disorders were documented: secondary amenorrhea (n = 181, 11.4%), polymenorrhea (n = 103, 6.5%), oligomenorrhea (n = 90, 5.6%), and menorrhagia (n = 117, 6.5%). The occurrence of these disorders also depended on the presence of cyanotic heart disease, surgical status, the number of surgical interventions, and the severity of CHD. DISCUSSION: Menstrual cycle disturbances, in particular primary amenorrhea, were frequently observed in this population. Patients with complex (cyanotic) heart disease needing repeated surgical interventions prior to menarche are especially at ris

Menstrual cycle and its disorders in women with congenital heart disease

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the age at menarche, the prevalence of menstrual cycle (interval) disorders, and determinants in women with congenital heart disease (CHD). DESIGN: Using two CHD registries, 1802 (82%) of the 2196 women with CHD contacted (aged 18-58 years) provided written informed consent. After exclusion of patients with genetic disorders known to be associated with menstrual cycle disorders, 1593 eligible patients remained. Interviews by telephone and reviews of medical records were conducted. RESULTS: Overall, the age at menarche was slightly increased in women with CHD (13.3 vs. 13.1 years in the general population), mainly attributable to an increased prevalence of primary amenorrhea (n = 147; 9.2%). Other menstrual cycle disorders were documented: secondary amenorrhea (n = 181, 11.4%), polymenorrhea (n = 103, 6.5%), oligomenorrhea (n = 90, 5.6%), and menorrhagia (n = 117, 6.5%). The occurrence of these disorders also depended on the presence of cyanotic heart disease, surgical status, the number of surgical interventions, and the severity of CHD. DISCUSSION: Menstrual cycle disturbances, in particular primary amenorrhea, were frequently observed in this population. Patients with complex (cyanotic) heart disease needing repeated surgical interventions prior to menarche are especially at risk.status: publishe