A denomination’s dealings with difference : considering recategorization and mutual intergroup differentiation in the context of The United Church of Canada

104 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.Includes abstract and appendix.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-104).This thesis, in a novel interdisciplinary fashion, examines The United Church of Canada (UCC) from a social-psychological framework of Social Identity Theory and Categorization. Focusing on four broad ingroup-outgroup case studies—ecumenical, interfaith, overseas mission and First Nations-UCC relations—this study surveys and subsequently analyzes the UCC’s national discourse and initiatives with respect to two specific, well-supported strategies for reducing intergroup conflict: Recategorization and Mutual Intergroup Differentiation. Looking at the denomination’s historical development through the lens of these social-psychological models not only highlights a normative pattern of moving from initial positions of ingroup bias to recategorized and mutually differentiated partnerships, but also proposes new understandings of past, present, and possible future issues relevant to the UCC

Application of the finite-temperature Lanczos method for the evaluation of magnetocaloric properties of large magnetic molecules

We discuss the magnetocaloric properties of gadolinium containing magnetic molecules which potentially could be used for sub-Kelvin cooling. We show that a degeneracy of a singlet ground state could be advantageous in order to support adiabatic processes to low temperatures and simultaneously minimize disturbing dipolar interactions. Since the Hilbert spaces of such spin systems assume very large dimensions we evaluate the necessary thermodynamic observables by means of the Finite-Temperature Lanczos Method.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figures, invited for the special issue of EPJB on "New trends in magnetism and magnetic materials

Copper Lanthanide Phosphonate Cages: Highly Symmetric {Cu(3)Ln(9)P(6)} and {Cu(6)Ln(6)P(6)} Clusters with C-3v and D-3h Symmetry

Pineda EM, Heesing C, Tuna F, et al. Copper Lanthanide Phosphonate Cages: Highly Symmetric {Cu(3)Ln(9)P(6)} and {Cu(6)Ln(6)P(6)} Clusters with C-3v and D-3h Symmetry. Inorganic Chemistry. 2015;54(13):6331-6337.Two families of copper lanthanide phosphonate clusters have been obtained through reaction of [Cu-2((O2CBu)-Bu-t)(4)((HO2CBu)-Bu-t)(2)] and either Ln(NO3)(3)center dot nH(2)O or [Ln(2)(O(2)C(t)nu)(6)((HO2CBu)-Bu-t)(6)} and tert-butylphosphonic acid or an amino-functionalized phosphonic acid. The clusters, with general formula [Cu(MeCN)(4)][Cu(3)Ln(9)(mu(3)-OH)(7)((O3PBu)-Bu-t)(6)((O2CBu)-Bu-t)(15)} and [Cu(6)Ln(6)(mu(3)-OH)(6)(O3PC(NH2)Me-2)(6)((O2CBu)-Bu-t)(12)}, were structurally characterized through single crystal X-ray diffraction and possess highly symmetric metal cores with approximately C-3v and D-3h point symmetry, respectively. We have investigated the possible application of the isotropic analogues in magnetic cooling, where we were able to observe that up to around 70% of the theoretical magnetic entropy change is obtained. Simulation of the magnetic data shows antiferromagnetic coupling between the spin centers, which explains the magnetic entropy value observed

Copper Lanthanide Phosphonate Cages: Highly Symmetric {Cu₃Ln₉P₆} and {Cu₆Ln₆P₆} Clusters with <i>C</i>_3<i>v</i> and <i>D</i>_3<i>h</i> Symmetry

Two families of copper lanthanide phosphonate clusters have been obtained through reaction of [Cu₂(O₂C^<i>t</i>Bu)₄(HO₂C^<i>t</i>Bu)₂] and either Ln­(NO₃)₃·<i>n</i>H₂O or [Ln₂(O₂C^<i>t</i>Bu)₆(HO₂C^<i>t</i>Bu)₆] and <i>tert</i>-butylphosphonic acid or an amino-functionalized phosphonic acid. The clusters, with general formula [Cu­(MeCN)₄]­[Cu₃Ln₉(μ₃-OH)₇(O₃P^<i>t</i>Bu)₆(O₂C^<i>t</i>Bu)₁₅] and [Cu₆Ln₆(μ₃-OH)₆(O₃PC­(NH₂)­Me₂)₆(O₂C^<i>t</i>Bu)₁₂], were structurally characterized through single crystal X-ray diffraction and possess highly symmetric metal cores with approximately <i>C</i>_3<i>v</i> and <i>D</i>_3<i>h</i> point symmetry, respectively. We have investigated the possible application of the isotropic analogues in magnetic cooling, where we were able to observe that up to around 70% of the theoretical magnetic entropy change is obtained. Simulation of the magnetic data shows antiferromagnetic coupling between the spin centers, which explains the magnetic entropy value observed

CCDC 1051236: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures

CCDC 1408858: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures