Duration quantification and opportunities for improvement in the Texas Department of Transportation's utility relocation process

Reducing the duration from planning to delivery of major highway projects is a major goal of the Texas Department of Transportation. A key component of this is the quantification of duration of the Utility Relocation process. This study quantified durations of historical utility relocation projects to provide guidelines in estimating future utility relocation project durations, modeled the TxDOT utility relocation process, and compiled key lessons learned for transportation project planners to better understand and improve efficiency in utility relocationsCivil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineerin

Measurements of Magnetic Field Fluctuations in the Caltech Research Tokamak

An experimental investigation of magnetic field fluctuations in a research tokamak plasma has been performed. The fluctuations were measured with movable probes inserted directly into the plasma. Estimates of the fluctuating field strength, power spectral density, and correlation lengths have been made by calculations on the raw data. The fluctuations were found to be of comparable strength for the radial and poloidal components, while the toroidal component was found to be at least a factor of 5 weaker in strength. The fluctuating field strength showed no apparent dependence on plasma current and safety factor at the edge, but increased with electron density during gas puffing and as the minor radius of measurement was decreased. The power spectral density indicated that the fluctuations could be divided into two frequency regions. The low frequency region (f &lt; 100 kHz) was dominated by coherent MHD modes with correlation lengths on the order of the tokamak size. The high frequency (f &gt; 100 kHz) region appeared to be turbulent in nature with short correlation lengths in the poloidal direction (&lt; .01 m), but longer correlation lengths in the radial direction (&gt; .04 m). The high frequency region showed a roll-off in frequency of δBr of approximately f-2.5. The results are compared with theories of fluctuation sources and the effects of fluctuations on anomalous electron thermal transport. The best fit to the high frequency region spectral density is given by a statistical theory of fluctuations. The fluctuating field strength appears to be more than an order of magnitude too small to account for the anomalous electron thermal transport using stochastic field theory.</p

Proceedings of the Third Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Plasma Heating: held at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, January 11-13, 1978

[Session topics from Table of Contents)]: Lower Hybrid Heating I; Lower Hybrid Heating II; Ion Cyclotron Heating I; Ion Cyclotron Heating II; Lower Hybrid Heating III; Alfven Wave, TTMP and Other Heating; General Theory Relating to Heatin

Proceedings of the Third Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Plasma Heating: held at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, January 11-13, 1978

[Session topics from Table of Contents)]: Lower Hybrid Heating I; Lower Hybrid Heating II; Ion Cyclotron Heating I; Ion Cyclotron Heating II; Lower Hybrid Heating III; Alfven Wave, TTMP and Other Heating; General Theory Relating to Heatin