95 research outputs found
A Gaussian Theory of Superfluid--Bose-Glass Phase Transition
We show that gaussian quantum fluctuations, even if infinitesimal, are
sufficient to destroy the superfluidity of a disordered boson system in 1D and
2D. The critical disorder is thus finite no matter how small the repulsion is
between particles. Within the gaussian approximation, we study the nature of
the elementary excitations, including their density of states and mobility edge
transition. We give the gaussian exponent at criticality in 1D and show
that its ratio to of the pure system is universal.Comment: Revtex 3.0, 11 pages (4 figures will be sent through airmail upon
request
Effective-Medium Theory for the Normal State in Orientationally Disordered Fullerides
An effective-medium theory for studying the electronic structure of the
orientationally disordered A3C60 fullerides is developed and applied to study
various normal-state properties. The theory is based on a cluster-Bethe-lattice
method in which the disordered medium is modelled by a three-band Bethe
lattice, into which we embed a molecular cluster whose scattering properties
are treated exactly. Various single-particle properties and the
frequency-dependent conductivity are calculated in this model, and comparison
is made with numerical calculations for disordered lattices, and with
experiment.Comment: 12 pages + 2 figures, REVTeX 3.
Coexistence of glassy antiferromagnetism and giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in Fe/Cr multilayer structures
Using temperature-dependent magnetoresistance and magnetization measurements
on Fe/Cr multilayers that exhibit pronounced giant magnetoresistance (GMR), we
have found evidence for the presence of a glassy antiferromagnetic (GAF) phase.
This phase reflects the influence of interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) at low
temperature (T < 140K) and is characterized by a field-independent glassy
transition temperature, Tg, together with irreversible behavior having
logarithmic time dependence below a "de Almeida and Thouless" (AT) critical
field line. At room temperature, where the GMR effect is still robust, IEC
plays only a minor role, and it is the random potential variations acting on
the magnetic domains that are responsible for the antiparallel interlayer
domain alignment.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Ultra-Thin Silver Films obtained by Sequential Quench-Anneal Processing
We have used the two-step growth technique, quench condensing followed by an
anneal, to grow ultra thin films of silver on glass substrates. As has been
seen with semiconductor substrates this process produces a metastable
homogeneous covering of silver. By measuring the in situ resistance of the film
during growth we are able to see that the low temperature growth onto
substrates held at 100 Kelvin produces a precursor phase that is insulating
until the film has been annealed. The transformation of the precursor phase
into the final, metallic silver film occurs at a characteristic temperature
near 150K where the sample reconstructs. This reconstruction is accompanied by
a decrease in resistance of up to 10 orders of magnitude
Quantum superconductor-metal transition
We consider a system of superconducting grains embedded in a normal metal. At
zero temperature this system exhibits a quantum superconductor-normal metal
phase transition. This transition can take place at arbitrarily large
conductance of the normal metal.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure include
Destruction of diagonal and off-diagonal long range order by disorder in two-dimensional hard core boson systems
We use quantum Monte Carlo simulations to study the effect of disorder, in
the form of a disordered chemical potential, on the phase diagram of the hard
core bosonic Hubbard model in two dimensions. We find numerical evidence that
in two dimensions, no matter how weak the disorder, it will always destroy the
long range density wave order (checkerboard solid) present at half filling and
strong nearest neighbor repulsion and replace it with a bose glass phase. We
study the properties of this glassy phase including the superfluid density,
energy gaps and the full Green's function. We also study the possibility of
other localized phases at weak nearest neighbor repulsion, i.e. Anderson
localization. We find that such a phase does not truly exist: The disorder must
exceed a threshold before the bosons (at weak nn repulsion) are localized. The
phase diagram for hard core bosons with disorder cannot be obtained easily from
the soft core phase diagram discussed in the literature.Comment: 7 pages, 10 eps figures include
Finite size effects with variable range exchange coupling in thin-film Pd/Fe/Pd trilayers
The magnetic properties of thin-film Pd/Fe/Pd trilayers in which an embedded
~1.5 A-thick ultrathin layer of Fe induces ferromagnetism in the surrounding Pd
have been investigated. The thickness of the ferromagnetic trilayer is
controlled by varying the thickness of the top Pd layer over a range from 8 A
to 56 A. As the thickness of the top Pd layer decreases, or equivalently as the
embedded Fe layer moves closer to the top surface, the saturated magnetization
normalized to area and the Curie temperature decrease whereas the coercivity
increases. These thickness-dependent observations for proximity-polarized
thin-film Pd are qualitatively consistent with finite size effects that are
well known for regular thin-film ferromagnets. The critical exponent of
the order parameter (magnetization) is found to approach the mean field value
of 0.5 as the thickness of the top Pd layer increases. The functional forms for
the thickness dependences, which are strongly modified by the nonuniform
exchange interaction in the polarized Pd, provide important new insights to
understanding nanomagnetism in two-dimensions.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, submitted to JMM
Vibrations and Berry Phases of Charged Buckminsterfullerene
A simple model of electron-vibron interactions in buckminsterfullerene ions
is solved semiclassically. Electronic degeneracies of C induce
dynamical Jahn-Teller distortions, which are unimodal for and
bimodal for . The quantization of motion along the Jahn-Teller
manifold leads to a symmetric-top rotator Hamiltonian. I find Molecular
Aharonov-Bohm effects where electronic Berry phases determine the vibrational
spectra, zero point fluctuations, and electrons' pair binding energies. The
latter are relevant to superconductivity in alkali-fullerenes.Comment: Latex 11 pages. IIT-00
Magnetoinductance of Josephson junction array with frozen vortex diffusion
The dependence of sheet impedance of a Josephson junction array on the
applied magnetic field is investigated in the regime when vortex diffusion
between array plaquettes is effectively frozen due to low enough temperature.
The field dependent contribution to sheet inductance is found to be
proportional to f*ln(1/f), where f<<1 is the magnitude of the field expressed
in terms of flux quanta per plaquette.Comment: 5 pages, no figure
Structural and electronic properties of (NH3)xK3C60
We have investigated the synthesis, structure, and electronic properties of (NH3)xK3C60 by exposing preformed K3C60 to NH3 vapor. Measurements were made on bulk powders and films with a variety of techniques including in-situ x-ray diffraction and monitoring of NH3 pressure, Raman scattering and ac susceptibility. The reaction of NH3 with K3C60 is completely reversible and leaves the (C60)3- charge state intact, while allowing the distance between the C60 molecules to vary. We observe two different crystallographic structures at x=1 and x=8-10. The x=1 structure is face-centered orthorhombic with a single NH3 on the octahedral interstitial site. It is single phase at 100°C and NH3 pressures 400 torr and remains single phase at 0 torr if the temperature is reduced to 25°C. Although (NH3)K3C60 exhibits no superconductivity at ambient pressure, superconductivity can be induced by hydrostatic pressure with an onset at 28 K. The details of the x=8-10 structure are uncertain, however it appears that this phase is body-centered tetragonal with NH3 on both the octahedral and tetrahedral sites. It occurs at room temperature and NH3 pressures 500 torr, but is not stable at lower NH3 pressures. Resistivity measurements of NH3-doped K3C60 films show that the formation of the new structure results in a rapid increase of the resistivity to values exceeding 1 cm
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