16,661 research outputs found
Hierarchical Attention Network for Visually-aware Food Recommendation
Food recommender systems play an important role in assisting users to
identify the desired food to eat. Deciding what food to eat is a complex and
multi-faceted process, which is influenced by many factors such as the
ingredients, appearance of the recipe, the user's personal preference on food,
and various contexts like what had been eaten in the past meals. In this work,
we formulate the food recommendation problem as predicting user preference on
recipes based on three key factors that determine a user's choice on food,
namely, 1) the user's (and other users') history; 2) the ingredients of a
recipe; and 3) the descriptive image of a recipe. To address this challenging
problem, we develop a dedicated neural network based solution Hierarchical
Attention based Food Recommendation (HAFR) which is capable of: 1) capturing
the collaborative filtering effect like what similar users tend to eat; 2)
inferring a user's preference at the ingredient level; and 3) learning user
preference from the recipe's visual images. To evaluate our proposed method, we
construct a large-scale dataset consisting of millions of ratings from
AllRecipes.com. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms several
competing recommender solutions like Factorization Machine and Visual Bayesian
Personalized Ranking with an average improvement of 12%, offering promising
results in predicting user preference for food. Codes and dataset will be
released upon acceptance
Using an Entropy-GRA, TOPSIS, and PCA Method to Evaluate the Competitiveness of AFVs – The China Case
With the increase in severe environmental problems associated with fossil fuel vehicles, the development of Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs) has led to their promotion and use in Chinese provinces and cities. The comprehensive evaluation of competitiveness of the AFV industry in Chinese cities is beneficial to analyse the effects and relationships of different factors to promote the sustainable development of the AFV industry and guide the growth paths of the cities. An industrial competitiveness evaluation index system is established based on the characteristics of AFVs, and the development of the AFV industry in ten typical cities in China is comprehensively evaluated based on the Grey Relative Analysis (GRA) Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods. To evaluate the results, the entropy weighting method is used for the weight distribution, and the industrial competitiveness rankings of ten cities are obtained by the entropy-GRA, TOPSIS, PCA (EGTP) method. The results show that Beijing is ranked first, followed by Shanghai, and Qingdao is ranked last. By analysing the correlation between the evaluation methods and indicators, it is found that EGTP has a high correlation with the other three evaluation methods, which proves the rationality of the weighted linear combination of GRA and the other three methods. Indices C5 (pure electric car proportion) and C13 (average concentration of PM2.5) were outliers due to the small number of samples.</p
Multi-Trace Superpotentials vs. Matrix Models
We consider N = 1 supersymmetric U(N) field theories in four dimensions with
adjoint chiral matter and a multi-trace tree-level superpotential. We show that
the computation of the effective action as a function of the glueball
superfield localizes to computing matrix integrals. Unlike the single-trace
case, holomorphy and symmetries do not forbid non-planar contributions.
Nevertheless, only a special subset of the planar diagrams contributes to the
exact result. Some of the data of this subset can be computed from the large-N
limit of an associated multi-trace Matrix model. However, the prescription
differs in important respects from that of Dijkgraaf and Vafa for single-trace
superpotentials in that the field theory effective action is not the derivative
of a multi-trace matrix model free energy. The basic subtlety involves the
correct identification of the field theory glueball as a variable in the Matrix
model, as we show via an auxiliary construction involving a single-trace matrix
model with additional singlet fields which are integrated out to compute the
multi-trace results. Along the way we also describe a general technique for
computing the large-N limits of multi-trace Matrix models and raise the
challenge of finding the field theories whose effective actions they may
compute. Since our models can be treated as N = 1 deformations of pure N =2
gauge theory, we show that the effective superpotential that we compute also
follows from the N = 2 Seiberg-Witten solution. Finally, we observe an
interesting connection between multi-trace local theories and non-local field
theory.Comment: 35 pages, LaTeX, 6 EPS figures. v2: typos fixed, v3: typos fixed,
references added, Sec. 5 added explaining how multi-trace theories can be
linearized in traces by addition of singlet fields and the relation of this
approach to matrix model
MHITNet: a minimize network with a hierarchical context-attentional filter for segmenting medical ct images
In the field of medical CT image processing, convolutional neural networks
(CNNs) have been the dominant technique.Encoder-decoder CNNs utilise locality
for efficiency, but they cannot simulate distant pixel interactions
properly.Recent research indicates that self-attention or transformer layers
can be stacked to efficiently learn long-range dependencies.By constructing and
processing picture patches as embeddings, transformers have been applied to
computer vision applications. However, transformer-based architectures lack
global semantic information interaction and require a large-scale training
dataset, making it challenging to train with small data samples. In order to
solve these challenges, we present a hierarchical contextattention transformer
network (MHITNet) that combines the multi-scale, transformer, and hierarchical
context extraction modules in skip-connections. The multi-scale module captures
deeper CT semantic information, enabling transformers to encode feature maps of
tokenized picture patches from various CNN stages as input attention sequences
more effectively. The hierarchical context attention module augments global
data and reweights pixels to capture semantic context.Extensive trials on three
datasets show that the proposed MHITNet beats current best practise
Pseudogap and its connection to particle-hole asymmetry electronic state and Fermi arcs in cuprate superconductors
The particle-hole asymmetry electronic state of cuprate superconductors and
the related doping and temperature dependence of the Fermi arc length are
studied based on the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism. By taking
into account the interplay between the SC gap and normal-state pseudogap, the
essential feature of the evolution of the Fermi arc length with doping and
temperature is qualitatively reproduced. It is shown that the particle-hole
asymmetry electronic state is a natural consequence due to the presence the
normal-state pseudogap in the particle-hole channel. The Fermi arc length
increases with increasing temperatures below the normal-state pseudogap
crossover temperature , and it covers the full length of the Fermi
surface for . In particular, in analogy to the temperature dependence
of the Fermi arc length, the low-temperature Fermi arc length in the underdoped
regime increases with increasing doping, and then it evolves into a continuous
contour in momentum space near the end of the superconducting dome. The theory
also predicts an almost linear doping dependence of the Fermi arc length.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure
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