The largest virialized dark halo in the universe

Using semi-analytic approach, we present an estimate of the properties of the largest virialized dark halos in the present universe for three different scenarios of structure formation: SCDM, LCDM and OCDM models. The resulting virial mass and temperature increase from the lowest values of $1.6 \times 10^{15}h^{-1}M_{\odot}$ and 9.8 keV in OCDM, the mid-range values of $9.0 \times 10^{15}h^{-1}M_{\odot}$ and 31 keV in LCDM, to the highest values of $20.9 \times 10^{15}h^{-1}M_{\odot}$, 65 keV in SCDM. As compared with the largest virialized object seen in the universe, the richest clusters of galaxies, we can safely rule out the OCDM model. In addition, the SCDM model is very unlikely because of the unreasonably high virial mass and temperature. Our computation favors the prevailing LCDM model in which superclusters may be marginally regarded as dynamically-virialized systems.Comment: 5 pages, Accepted by Int. J. Mod. Phys.

2-Methyl-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium hydrogen phthalate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C8H9N2 +·C8H5O4 −, contains two independent ion pairs. In each 2-methyl-1H-benzimidazolium ion, an intra­molecular O—H⋯O bond forms an S(7) graph-set motif. In the crystal, the components are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [210]. Further stabilization is provided by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Isolation and characterization of multidrug-resistant side population cells in prostate carcinoma

Purpose: To isolate and characterize cancer stem-like side population (SP) cells from prostate cancer tissues using Hoechst 33342 dye exclusion.Methods: The presence of SP cells was analyzed in tumor samples by fluorescence activated cell sorting. The cell survival rate and ability for cell self-renewal using the sphere formation assay were evaluated after treatment with multiple drugs.Results: SP cells in the prostate cancer samples constituted 2.8 %, but fell to 0.6 % after treatment with verapamil. The SP cells showed high resistance to drugs such as 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, paclitaxel (2 μmol/L) and oxaliplatin. The survival rate of SP cells after treatment with these drugs was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than that of non-SP cells. Furthermore, the number of spheres generated in serumfree medium was significantly higher in prostate cancer SP cells than in non-SP cells.Conclusion: The presence of SP cells is responsible for prostate treatment failure and tumor recurrence. Therefore, isolation and characterization of SP cells may provide new insights into the development of novel therapeutic agents targeting cancer stem cells for complete eradication of the tumor.Keywords: Side population cells, ABC transporters, Cancer stem cells, Chemotherapy, Prostate treatment failure, Tumor recurrence, Drug resistanc

PQCD Calculation for Λb→Λγ\Lambda_{b}\to \Lambda \gamma in the Standard Model

We calculate the branching ratio of $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma$ in the standard model using the PQCD method. The predicted branching ratio $B(\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma)$ is about $(4.3\sim 8.6)\times 10^{-8}$, with reasonable parameter ranges in the heavy baryon distribution amplitude. This branching ratio is much smaller than those obtained in other hadronic model calculations. Future experimental data can provide important information on applicability of the PQCD method to heavy baryon radiative decay.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure and 5 tables. Replaced by new versio

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KONSEP DIRI PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI BALAI KESEHATAN PARU MASYARAKAT BANDA ACEH TAHUN 2012

KEMENTRIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAANUNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALAFAKULTAS KEDOKTERANPROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATANSKRIPSI7 Oktober 2012Xiv + VI Bab + 73 halaman + 13 tabel + 1 skema + 14 lampiranAAN SOFYANA0807101060003HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KONSEP DIRI PASIENTUBERKULOSIS PARU DI BALAI KESEHATAN PARU MASYARAKATBANDA ACEH TAHUN 2012ABSTRAKPenderita TB Paru masih mengalami stigma sosial dan ketidakadilan di masyarakat,diantaranya yaitu gangguan komponen konsep diri. Keluarga dapat menjadikelompok pendukung utama dalam hal pencegahan terjadinya gangguan komponenkonsep diri pada pasien TB Paru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungandukungan keluarga dengan konsep diri pasien Tuberkulosis Paru di Balai KesehatanParu Masyarakat Banda Aceh 2012. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif korelatif.Desain penelitian cross sectional study melalui tekhnik purposive sampling denganjumlah sampel sebanyak 63 pasien TB Paru. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukanmulai tanggal 3 - 6 september 2012 dengan membagikan kuisioner yang terdiri dari35 item pernyataan dalam skala likert dan dichotomous choice. Metode analisis datadengan menggunakan uji statistik chi-square, hasil penelitian adalah ada hubunganantara dukungan sosial keluarga (P-value 0,005), dukungan penilaian (P-value0,010), dukungan tambahan (P-value 0,010) dan dukungan emosional (P-value0,022) dengan konsep diri pasien TB Paru. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa adahubungan antara dukungan keluarga (P-value 0,005) dengan konsep diri pasienTuberkulosis paru di Balai Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat Banda Aceh tahun 2012.Saran bagi Poliklinik Paru BKPM adalah agar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuanpasien TB Paru bahwa penyakit TB Paru dapat disembuhkan dengan berobat secarateratur dan bagi keluarga untuk dapat memberikan dukungan sehingga dapatmeningkatkan konsep diri pasien kearah yang positif.Kata kunci : Tuberkulosis paru, konsep diri, dukungan keluargaDaftar bacaan : 24 buku + 8 jurnal + 4 internet (1999-2012)Banda Ace