Triminimal Parametrization of Quark Mixing Matrix

Starting from a new zeroth order basis for quark mixing (CKM) matrix based on the quark-lepton complementarity and the tri-bimaximal pattern of lepton mixing, we derive a triminimal parametrization of CKM matrix with three small angles and a CP-violating phase as its parameters. This new triminimal parametrization has the merits of fast convergence and simplicity in application. With the quark-lepton complementary relations, we derive relations between the two unified triminimal parametrizations for quark mixing obtained in this work and for lepton mixing obtained by Pakvasa-Rodejohann-Weiler. Parametrization deviating from quark-lepton complementarity is also discussed.Comment: 9 pages, no figur

Quantitative Characterization of Magnetic Flux Rope Properties for Two Solar Eruption Events

In order to bridge the gap between heliospheric and solar observations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), one of the key steps is to improve the understanding of their corresponding magnetic structures like the magnetic flux ropes (MFRs). But it remains a challenge to confirm the existence of a coherent MFR before or upon the CME eruption on the Sun and to quantitatively characterize the CME-MFR due to the lack of direct magnetic field measurement in the corona. In this study, we investigate the MFR structures, originating from two active regions (ARs), AR 11719 and AR 12158, and estimate their magnetic properties quantitatively. We perform the nonlinear force-free field extrapolations with preprocessed photospheric vector magnetograms. In addition, remote-sensing observations are employed to find indirect evidence of MFRs on the Sun and to analyze the time evolution of magnetic reconnection flux associated with the flare ribbons during the eruption. A coherent "pre-existing" MFR structure prior to the flare eruption is identified quantitatively for one event from the combined analysis of the extrapolation and observation. Then the characteristics of MFRs for two events on the Sun before and during the eruption, forming the CME-MFR, including the axial magnetic flux, field-line twist, and reconnection flux, are estimated and compared with the corresponding in situ modeling results. We find that the magnetic reconnection associated with the accompanying flares for both events injects significant amount of flux into the erupted CME-MFRs.Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Ap

1-(2-Methyl­benz­yl)-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde

In the title compound, C17H15NO, the benzene ring and the indole system are almost perpendicular, making a dihedral angle of 87.82 (6)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O and π–π stacking inter­actions with centroid–centroid distances of 3.592 (4) Å between the pyrrole and the benzene rings in the indole systems of neighboring mol­ecules

Diniconazole

The asymmetric unit of the title compound [systematic name: (E)-1-(2,4-dichloro­phen­yl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol], C15H17Cl2N3O, contains two mol­ecules in which the dihedral angles between the triazole and benzene rings are 9.4 (2) and 35.0 (2)°. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked by O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming C(7) chains propagating in [010]

High-Speed Railway Tunnel Hood: Seismic Dynamic Characteristic Analysis

When a high‐speed train is passing through a tunnel, micro‐compression wave may be created at the tunnel exit, which will affect the environment around the railway line. Setting hood at tunnel entrance is one of the efficacious ways for solving this problem. While in an earthquake region, in addition to consideration of controlling micro‐compression wave, the seismic safety of hood structure must not overlook the factor. In this chapter, using finite difference method, several types of hood seismic dynamic characteristic were analyzed, and their seismic dynamic respond stress curves were drawn out. As a result, the recommended hood type was determined, which is helpful for hood design in high intensity earthquake zone