Rosiglitazone Suppresses the Growth and Invasiveness of SGC-7901 Gastric Cancer Cells and Angiogenesis In Vitro via PPARγ Dependent and Independent Mechanisms

Although thiazolidinediones (TZDs) were found to be ligands for peroxisome proliferators-activated receptorγ (PPARγ), the mechanism by which TZDs exert their anticancer effect remains unclear. Furthermore, the effect of TZDs on metastatic and angiogenesis potential of cancer cells is unknown. Our results in this paper show that rosiglitazone inhibited SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells growth, caused G1 cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of rosiglitazone on SGC-7901 cancer cells were completely reversed by treatment with PPARγ antagonist GW9662. Rosiglitazone inhibited SGC-7901 cell migration, invasiveness, and the expression of MMP-2 in dose-dependent manner via PPARγ-independent manner. Rosiglitazone reduced the VEGF induced angiogenesis of HUVEC in dose-dependent manner through PPARγ-dependent pathway. Moreover, rosiglitazone did not affect the expression of VEGF by SGC-7901 cells. Our results demonstrated that by PPARγ ligand, rosiglitazone inhibited growth and invasiveness of SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells and angiogenesis in vitro via PPARγ-dependent or -independent pathway

Protease‐Activatable Hybrid Nanoprobe for Tumor Imaging

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108698/1/adfm201400419.pd

Additive manufacturing of bio-inspired ceramic bone scaffolds: structural design, mechanical properties and biocompatibility

Ideal bone scaffolds require good biocompatibility and moderate mechanical properties, so as to promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast cells, and achieve the good bone repair. Inspired by the porous structure of cancellous bone, 15 groups of bone scaffolds with variable irregularity (Ir1-5) and porosity (35.53-61.75%) were designed and fabricated by ceramic digital light processing (DLP) using 20 wt.% hydroxyapatite doped zirconia as the matrix material. The effects of structural parameters and material on mechanical properties and biocompatibility were studied. The shrinkage test results showed that the density of scaffolds was mainly affected by the porosity. The mechanical test results showed that Ir2 and Ir3 scaffolds had better compressive behaviors, and the compressive strength could be increased by 30% by regulating the irregularity. All scaffolds showed comparable mechanical properties to that of cancellous bone. Cell experiments showed that the effect of structure on cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization was most evident at the early stage of implantation. Meanwhile, the biocompatibility variation with the irregularity was consistent with mechanical properties. This study proved that a bio-inspired bone scaffold with excellent comprehensive properties could be obtained through reasonable design

Treatment to Prevent HIV Transmission in Serodiscordant Couples in Henan, China, 2006 to 2012

Background. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) administered in clinical trial settings virtually eliminates the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in serodiscordant couples, but effectiveness of treatment as prevention in the community is debated. Conflicting results from previous analyses in a Chinese cohort underscore the importance of determining effectiveness of ART delivered in resource limited settings

Transient behavior and reaction mechanism of CO catalytic ignition over a CuO–CeO2 mixed oxide

As a key heterogeneous process, the catalytic oxidation of CO is essential not only for practical applications such as automotive exhaust purification and fuel cells but also as a model reaction to study the reaction mechanism and structure-reactivity correlation of catalysts. In this study, the variation in activity-controlling factors during CO catalytic ignition over a CuO-CeO 2 catalyst was investigated. The activity for CO combustion follows the decreasing order of CuO-CeO 2 > CuO > CeO 2. Except for inactive CeO 2, increasing temperature induces CO ignition to achieve self-sustained combustion over CuO and CuO-CeO 2. However, CuO provides enough copper sites to adsorb CO, and abundant active lattice oxygen, thus obtaining a higher hot zone temperature (208.3 °C) than that of CuO-CeO 2 (197.3 °C). Catalytic ignition triggers a kinetic transition from the low-rate steady-state regime to a high-rate steady-state regime. During the induction process, Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, CO temperature-programmed desorption and IR spectroscopy results indicated that CO is preferentially adsorbed on oxygen vacancies (Cu +-[Ov]-Ce 3+) to yield Cu +-[C≡O]-Ce 3+ complexes. Because of the self-poisoning of CO, the adsorbed CO and traces of adsorbed oxygen react at a relative rate, which is entirely governed by the kinetics on the CO-covered surface and the heat transport until the pre-ignition regime. The Cu +-[C≡O]-Ce 3+ complex is a major contributor to CO ignition. The step-response runs and kinetic models showed that after ignition, a kinetic phase transition occurs from a CO-covered surface to an active lattice oxygen-covered surface. During CO self-sustained combustion, the rapid gas diffusivity and mass transfer is beneficial for handling the low coverage of CO. The active lattice oxygen of CuO takes part in CO oxidation