400 research outputs found
Group Decision Making Under Risk: An Experiment with Student Couples
In an experiment, we study risk-taking of cohabitating student couples, finding that couples’ decisions are closer to risk-neutrality than single partners’ decisions. This finding is similar to earlier experiments with randomly assigned groups, corroborating external validity of earlier results.Risk experiment, Student couples, Group decision making
Household Decision Making in Rural China: Using Experiments to Estimate the Influences of Spouses
Many economic decisions are made jointly within households. This raises the question about spouses' relative influence on joint decisions and the determinants of relative influence. Using a controlled experiment (on inter-temporal choice), we let each spouse first make individual decisions and then make joint decisions with the other spouse. We use a random parameter probit model to measure the relative influence of spouses on joint decisions. In general, husbands have a stronger influence than wives. However, in richer households and when the wife is older than the husband, we find a significantly stronger influence of the wife on joint decisions.household decision making, spouses, relative influence, random parameter model, field experiment, time preferences
Summary of the Frontier Introduction of Preparation of Secondary Metabolites in Plant Cell Culture
Plant cell culture technology is a technology that applies the research results of cell engineering to produce plant biological products at the cellular level. In recent years, the secondary metabolites of plants have attracted more and more attention. The use of plant cell culture technology is a fast and efficient method of producing secondary metabolites
La interacciĂłn entre identidad y emociĂłn de los jĂłvenes profesores de IDAI (idiomas distintos al inglĂ©s) en los inicios de su carrera profesional: La teorĂa sociocultural
There is conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between teachers’ identities and emotions. The inconsistency may be explained by a one-way causal relationship or two-way support. However, from a sociocultural perspective, the two might dialectically influence each other. Furthermore, most studies on teacher identities have focused solely on teaching and research identities without considering their social service roles as well. Further, little is known about LOTE (Languages Other than English) teachers in higher education, and even less is known about younger novice teachers. To fill these gaps, this study included a survey of 843 young LOTE teachers and in-depth interviews with three respondents at universities to gain a deeper understanding of their identities and emotions. As a result, the interaction between the two variables in the teaching dimension was observed to have a more robust relationship. Teachers’ identities and emotions were inextricably linked in either a positive or negative manner. Specifically, a higher sense of identity and positive emotion correlated closely, whereas a lower sense of identity and negative emotion walked together. As a result of the weak sense of research identity, this relationship was evident in teaching and social service, de-emphasizing research. The present study provides additional evidence with respect to the dialectical relationship between teacher identity and teacher emotion.
FUNDING INFORMATION. The project has been primarily supported by Research Fund for Yunshan Outstanding Scholar, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (No. 2023RC031), the MOE Project at Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Shanghai International Studies University Peak Discipline (Linguistics) Construction Project (N0. 41004525/001), and Shanghai International Studies University Mentor Academic Leadership Program (N0. 2022113041).
The paper has also been supported by: An Empirical Study on the Impact of Public Sponsored Study Abroad on the Professional Development of University Teachers-Taking Guangdong as an Example (N0: GD22CJY10).La literatura existente es contradictoria sobre la relaciĂłn entre las identidades y las emociones de los profesores. La inconsistencia puede explicarse mediante una relaciĂłn causal unidireccional o un apoyo bidireccional. Sin embargo, desde una perspectiva sociocultural, ambas podrán influenciarse dialĂ©ctica. Además, la mayorĂa de los estudios sobre las identidades de los profesores ha habido centrado en las enseñanzas e investigadoras sin el servicio social. Por lo demás, se ha investigado poco sobre los profesores IDAI (idiomas distintos al inglĂ©s) y aĂşn menos sobre los profesores jĂłvenes. Para colmar estas lagunas, el estudio incluyĂł encuestas a 843 jĂłvenes profesores y entrevistas con tres de los encuestados. MostrĂł que las dos interacciones destacaron en la enseñanza y el servicio social, mientras que se restaron importancia a la investigaciĂłn debido al dĂ©bil sentido de la identidad investigadora. Y las identidades y emociones se desarrollaron en un patrĂłn inextricable en una tendencia positiva o negativa. Un mayor sentido de la identidad y la emociĂłn positiva estuvieron estrechamente relacionados, mientras que la identidad de bajo sentido o de reconstrucciĂłn y la emociĂłn negativa caminaron juntos. El presente estudio demuestra una evidencia adicional con respecto a la relaciĂłn dialĂ©ctica entre las identidades y las emociones de los profesore
Tracing the Uncertain Chinese Mercury Footprint within the Global Supply Chain Using a Stochastic, Nested Input-Output Model
A detailed understanding of the mercury footprint at subnational entity levels can facilitate the implementation of the "Minamata Convention on Mercury", especially for China, the largest mercury emitter worldwide. Some provinces of China have more than 100 million people, with economic activities and energy consumption levels comparable to those of smaller G7 countries. We constructed a stochastic, nested multiregion input-output (MRIO) model, which regionalized the China block in the EXIOBASE global-scale MRIO table, to model the mercury footprint associated with global supply chains spanning China's regions and other countries. The results show that Tianjin, Shanghai, and Ningxia had the highest per capita mercury footprint in China, which was comparable to the footprint of Australia and Norway and exceeded the footprint of most other countries. Some developed regions in China (e.g., Guangdong, Jiangsu) had higher mercury final product-based inventories (FBI) and consumption-based inventories (CBI) than production-based inventories (PBI), emphasizing the role of these regions as centers of both consumption and economic control. Uncertainties of Chinese provincial mercury footprint varied from 8% to 34%. Our research also revealed that international and inter-regional final product and intermediate product trades reshape the mercury emissions of Chinese provinces and other countries to a certain extent
Evaluation of n-Butane Gas Adsorption Performance of Composite Adsorbents Used for Carbon Canister
AbstractA novel adsorbent design technique was proposed to composite adsorbent used for carbon canister for improving the adsorption performance of n-butane gas. Two kinds of activated carbons were tested to produce composite adsorbents and evaluate the performance by measuring the adsorption isotherms of butane and pore structure characteristics. The volume-based amount of adsorption for the adsorbents prepared at sodium silicate solution concentration of 0.1wt% is 1.04 and 1.53 times that of the raw activated carbons (AC1 and AC2). The packing density of the composite adsorbent increased with the increase of sodium silicate solution concentration
TextScanner: Reading Characters in Order for Robust Scene Text Recognition
Driven by deep learning and the large volume of data, scene text recognition
has evolved rapidly in recent years. Formerly, RNN-attention based methods have
dominated this field, but suffer from the problem of \textit{attention drift}
in certain situations. Lately, semantic segmentation based algorithms have
proven effective at recognizing text of different forms (horizontal, oriented
and curved). However, these methods may produce spurious characters or miss
genuine characters, as they rely heavily on a thresholding procedure operated
on segmentation maps. To tackle these challenges, we propose in this paper an
alternative approach, called TextScanner, for scene text recognition.
TextScanner bears three characteristics: (1) Basically, it belongs to the
semantic segmentation family, as it generates pixel-wise, multi-channel
segmentation maps for character class, position and order; (2) Meanwhile, akin
to RNN-attention based methods, it also adopts RNN for context modeling; (3)
Moreover, it performs paralleled prediction for character position and class,
and ensures that characters are transcripted in correct order. The experiments
on standard benchmark datasets demonstrate that TextScanner outperforms the
state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, TextScanner shows its superiority in
recognizing more difficult text such Chinese transcripts and aligning with
target characters.Comment: Accepted by AAAI-202
voxel2vec: A Natural Language Processing Approach to Learning Distributed Representations for Scientific Data
Relationships in scientific data, such as the numerical and spatial
distribution relations of features in univariate data, the scalar-value
combinations' relations in multivariate data, and the association of volumes in
time-varying and ensemble data, are intricate and complex. This paper presents
voxel2vec, a novel unsupervised representation learning model, which is used to
learn distributed representations of scalar values/scalar-value combinations in
a low-dimensional vector space. Its basic assumption is that if two scalar
values/scalar-value combinations have similar contexts, they usually have high
similarity in terms of features. By representing scalar values/scalar-value
combinations as symbols, voxel2vec learns the similarity between them in the
context of spatial distribution and then allows us to explore the overall
association between volumes by transfer prediction. We demonstrate the
usefulness and effectiveness of voxel2vec by comparing it with the isosurface
similarity map of univariate data and applying the learned distributed
representations to feature classification for multivariate data and to
association analysis for time-varying and ensemble data.Comment: Accepted by IEEE Transaction on Visualization and Computer Graphics
(TVCG
Realization of a three-dimensional photonic topological insulator
Confining photons in a finite volume is in high demand in modern photonic
devices. This motivated decades ago the invention of photonic crystals,
featured with a photonic bandgap forbidding light propagation in all
directions. Recently, inspired by the discoveries of topological insulators
(TIs), the confinement of photons with topological protection has been
demonstrated in two-dimensional (2D) photonic structures known as photonic TIs,
with promising applications in topological lasers and robust optical delay
lines. However, a fully three-dimensional (3D) topological photonic bandgap has
never before been achieved. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a 3D photonic
TI with an extremely wide (> 25% bandwidth) 3D topological bandgap. The sample
consists of split-ring resonators (SRRs) with strong magneto-electric coupling
and behaves as a 'weak TI', or a stack of 2D quantum spin Hall insulators.
Using direct field measurements, we map out both the gapped bulk bandstructure
and the Dirac-like dispersion of the photonic surface states, and demonstrate
robust photonic propagation along a non-planar surface. Our work extends the
family of 3D TIs from fermions to bosons and paves the way for applications in
topological photonic cavities, circuits, and lasers in 3D geometries
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