Thermal Maturity, Composition, and Origin of the Hydrocarbon Gases of the Eagle Ford Shale in Texas, USA

The Eagle Ford Shale, a high-growth and profitable developing play, locates mainly in South Texas. Even though it has been actively developed for about 9 years, to reduce industrial exploitation risk, properties of the fluids in the Eagle Ford Shale still need to be studied. In this research, samples of oil and associated gases collected from 27 hydraulically fractured horizontal commercial wells were analyzed for major gas compositions and stable carbon isotopic ratios to characterize the natural gases of the Eagle Ford Shale. The experimental data suggest that natural gases of the Eagle Ford Shale are thermogenic, oil-associated wet gas in early stage of thermal maturity for four reasons: 1) large amount of ethane and heavier aliphatic hydrocarbons (0.11≤C2+/C1≤1.4); 2) the stable carbon isotopic composition of methane and ethane (-48<13C1 (‰)<-36 and -36.7<13C2 (‰)<-33.93); 3)vitrinite reflectance values (0.61<Ro<0.96) calculated from carbon isotope ratios of methane and ethane using two individual equations developed by Whiticar et al., 1994; 4) the sublinear nature of Chung Plot.NSF EAGER 1249255NSF SusChEM 1441497No embarg

Comparative Research on the Dominant Culture in the Chinese College English Class Teaching

The cross-cultural aspects and culture teaching in the College English class are very important. Neither the target language culture nor the mother language culture could be neglected. Therefore, we can find the Third Culture, which is a transitional culture between the two cultures, to be used as the dominant culture in class. The results of one year’s comparative research show that there are the better teaching effects in the class which used the Third Culture as the dominant culture than the class which used the target language culture as the dominant culture

The comparison between freshmen and sophomores EFL writing of Chinese students from the perspective of pragmatic failures

This thesis is intended to probe into improve Chinese college students English writing from the perspective of pragmatic failure. T here is an experimental study with a questionnaire is analyzed to infer the students opinions and habits in English writing and culture learning and teaching. All the data and results of the research are analyzed to infer the causes of pragmatic failures in students English writing. The comparison and analysis between the two grades may show us to what extent these students improved and changed in their English writing in the two year