Conceptualizing the Role of Geographical Proximity in Project Based R&D Networks: A Literature Survey

Empirical evidence shows that research is being carried out more in cooperation or in collaboration with others, and the networks described by these collaborative research activities are becoming more and more complex. This phenomenon brings about new strands of research questions and opens up a different research context in the area of geography of innovation. The recent set of literature addressing these new issues shows a high degree of variation in terms of focus, approaches and methodology. Hence to elucidate the relationship between networks and geography it is crucial to have a review them. In this regard, this study focuses on a particular type of networks, namely, project based R&D networks and aims at describing the state-of-the-art in explaining the specificity of geography in formation and evolution of such networks. Towards this aim, we framed the discussion along four lenses: the specificity of geography in partner choice, in successful execution of the collaboration, in the resulting innovation performance both at the organizational and regional level, and the spatio-temporal evolution of networks. The overview provided by the survey is suggestive regarding the theorization of geography and network relationship, and informative regarding the issues demanding further research effort, and promising extensions.

The Impact of Discrimination Against The LGBTQ Community.

This paper argues that persistent discrimination against LGBTQ persons causes disruption of individuals’ well-being, leading them to face unfortunate adversity and having a negative effect on society as a whole. Research-based evidence is presented that illustrates the negative effects of LGBTQ discrimination, including a greater tendency for people who are LGBTQ to attempt suicide and to have poor physical health due to excessive stress. The complicating roles of bullying, religion, and race are examined, as is the enforced silence that often surrounds Like LGBTQ people, encouraging them to hide their sexual orientation and accept oppression. This can lead to internalized heterosexism, from which many LGBTQ people suffer. Internalized heterosexism, where an individual comes to accept others’ negative attitudes about homosexuality, can cause low self-esteem, even to the point of self-hatred. Finally, the paper looks at actions that can be taken by schools and the larger society to help correct the effects of LGBTQ discrimination and create safe spaces for LGBTQ children and adolescents to develop within a healthy, positive environment

Bridging Faiths and Empires:The Assumptionists and the Mission d’Orient (1863–1923)

This paper examines the Assumptionists’ mission, known as the Mission d’Orient, initiated in 1862 with the aim of uniting the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches against the backdrop of a changing political and religious landscape. Despite their aspirations, the mission encountered numerous challenges and obstacles, leading to its ultimate failure. The paper focuses on the Ottoman response to Roman Catholic missions, using the Assumptionists as a case study. It explores the factors contributing to the Mission d’Orient’s failure and scrutinizes the Assumptionists’ efforts to foster unity between the two churches. The study argues that the failure can be attributed to complex power dynamics between the Ottoman Empire and Western powers, resulting in a hostile environment for Christian communities. The Ottoman response encompassed state-level actions driven by political conflicts and the direct targeting of Catholic missions as symbols of Western imperialism. The paper examines historical sources and primary documents to shed light on the challenges faced by the Assumptionists and their impact on interfaith relations and diplomacy during this significant chapter in Christian missions’ history

The dynamics of spread and extent of criminality in Kosova 2011-2014

Criminality as a complex social phenomenon can be characterized by different perspectives, among which the most important are, the volume, structure, trends and its dynamic. The criminal behaviour as individual phenomenon or crime as a mass phenomenon today is studied by a series of disciplines of social, natural and humanitarian sciences. Debates which are developed regarding to criminal behaviour and criminality, begin from a different starting point of scientific arguments, thing which results in a whole range of definitions, which analyze this phenomenon from the sociological, psychological, biological, anthropological, legal, economical aspects and many other aspects. Branch of Criminology, which is inseparable from aetiology, is phenomenology, namely the group of scientific studies on the phenomenology of criminality. So this special sphere of criminology study and analyzes forms of phenomena, structure, structural and dynamic appearance of criminality in general. Criminal phenomenology is part of criminology and deals with study forms of criminality appearances, with structure and its dynamic. Also with the treatment and study of criminality is necessary to study the dynamics of movement and enlighten the criminality in time periods and in different places

School Teaching As A Feminine Profession: The Legitimization And Naturalization Discourses In Pakistani Context

School teaching has long been associated with women. There has been an ideological link between women’s domestic role and their career as school teacher. Taking care of younger children in school is traditionally seen as an “extension of motherhood” and therefore considered a “natural” job for women. Keeping in view this firmly rooted global phenomenon, I focus to examine what ideology idealizes and legitimizes school teaching as the best career for women in Pakistan? The study is informed by social constructionist understanding of gender and therefore draws on feminist post-structuralist. Drawing on insights from feminist post-structuralist, I give particular consideration to the discourses embedded into school textbooks and the people who author and approve school knowledge. Employing qualitative methodology, I focus on two key questions: what ideology informs school textbooks? How do school textbooks legitimize school teaching as the only appropriate job for women? The study findings suggest that school textbooks in Pakistan have been used to naturalize and legitimize school teaching as the best career for women

Nurturing Faith and Enlightening Minds:Assumptionist Education in the Ottoman Empire

The text explores the educational activities of French Roman Catholic missions in the nineteenth century, as they evolved from serving local Catholic needs to becoming crucial assets in advancing France’s religious–cultural influences and the Holy See’s efforts to unify Eastern Christian Churches under Rome. Focused on the Mission d’Orient, initiated during Pius IX’s papacy, this study delves into the Assumptionists’ educational activities in the Ottoman Empire (1863–1914), which aimed to inculturate the Christian communities of the Ottoman Empire, achieve union with Rome, and build a bridge of knowledge between the Ottoman Orient and Europe. Employing a transnational historical approach, this research utilizes primary sources from the Holy See and the Assumptionist Order, examining religious and educational interactions with Ottoman millets. This article argues that Assumptionist institutions succeeded in inculturation and acted as bridges for cultural exchange. The context includes the French protectorate of the Ottoman Empire, the protégé system, and the Capitulations of 1740, demonstrating the Holy See’s use of political and religious alliances. The Assumptionists, influential in advancing the Holy See’s interests, are studied regarding their engagement in France and the Orient. Despite valuable insights from existing research, this article seeks to fill gaps by using Assumptionists as a case study, exploring the specific impacts of their education on various religious groups within the context of France’s religious–cultural imperialism

Nurturing Faith and Enlightening Minds:Assumptionist Education in the Ottoman Empire

The text explores the educational activities of French Roman Catholic missions in the nineteenth century, as they evolved from serving local Catholic needs to becoming crucial assets in advancing France’s religious–cultural influences and the Holy See’s efforts to unify Eastern Christian Churches under Rome. Focused on the Mission d’Orient, initiated during Pius IX’s papacy, this study delves into the Assumptionists’ educational activities in the Ottoman Empire (1863–1914), which aimed to inculturate the Christian communities of the Ottoman Empire, achieve union with Rome, and build a bridge of knowledge between the Ottoman Orient and Europe. Employing a transnational historical approach, this research utilizes primary sources from the Holy See and the Assumptionist Order, examining religious and educational interactions with Ottoman millets. This article argues that Assumptionist institutions succeeded in inculturation and acted as bridges for cultural exchange. The context includes the French protectorate of the Ottoman Empire, the protégé system, and the Capitulations of 1740, demonstrating the Holy See’s use of political and religious alliances. The Assumptionists, influential in advancing the Holy See’s interests, are studied regarding their engagement in France and the Orient. Despite valuable insights from existing research, this article seeks to fill gaps by using Assumptionists as a case study, exploring the specific impacts of their education on various religious groups within the context of France’s religious–cultural imperialism