« ... us et coutumes adoptées dans nos guerres d’orient »

RésuméLe 5 juillet 1830, l’armée française du général Bourmont s’empare d’Alger. Parmi les officiers étrangers présents aux côtés des Français, se trouve le colonel A.I. Filosofov, envoyé par le tsar Nicolas Ier comme conseiller. Son arrivée a été précédée quelques mois plus tôt par l’envoi d’un mémoire rédigé par le comte A. I. Černyšev qui dirige l’État-Major russe. Ce mémoire est présenté et annoté dans le présent article. L’intérêt historique de ce texte réside autant dans la compréhension des pratiques coloniales entre les États que dans l’histoire militaire russe ou encore dans la connaissance des relations franco-russes à la veille de l’avènement de la monarchie de Juillet.Abstract“... habits and customs adopted in our eastern wars”: the Russian colonial experience and the expedition of Algiers.On July 5, 1830, the French Army led by General Bourmont took Algiers. Among the foreign officers present at the side of the French was Colonel A. I.Filosofov, sent as adviser by the tsar NicholasI. Filosofov was preceded a few months earlier by a report written by Count A. I.Chernishev, head of the Russian staff. That report is published and annotated in this article. Its historical interest lies in the fact that it helps us understand the two countries’ colonial practices as well as Russian military history, and that it informs us about Franco-Russian relations just before the advent of the July Monarchy

Les fonds sur l’histoire du caucase au XIXe siècle dans les archives du service historique de l’armée de terre

RésuméLes archives conservées au Service historique de l’armée de terre, à Vincennes, sont particulièrement riches pour qui travaille sur l’histoire de la Russie. L’auteur présente un inventaire des documents relatifs à l’histoire du Caucase au xixe siècle. Ces archives, dispersées dans trois séries -- Dépôt de la guerre, Troisième République et Génie -- réunissent des documents provenant des militaires en mission ou des diplomates en poste dans la région. Elles témoignent de l’attention que portait la France à un espace situé au cœur de la « question d’Orient ».AbstractThe nineteenth-century historical records on the Causasus housed in the Historical Services of the French Army.The collection of archives housed at the Historical Services of the French Army in Vincennes is particularly rich for anyone working on the history of Russia. The author presents an inventory of the documents relating to the history of the Caucasus in the nineteenth century. These documents, which can be found here and there in three different sections : War depot, Third Republic, and The Engineers, were generated by soldiers on mission or by diplomats posted in the area. They testify to France’s interest in issues at the core of the “Eastern Question”

Peut-on modéliser et prédire les comportements en situation de catastrophe pour mieux prémunir les populations?

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Peut-on modéliser et prédire les comportements en situation de catastrophe pour mieux prémunir les populations ?

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Com2SiCa (2) A database to explore the human behavior at the very moment of disasters

International audienceThe human society is increasingly impacted by many natural, technological and societal disasters that stress the vulnerability of populations. In addition, the crisis management is particularly observed by people who judge their performance. To maintain their credibility, the authorities must prove their control over the situation. Significant efforts have been made in this field, to anticipate the disaster and the resulting disorganization. However, the importance of the human behavior remains limited in the scenarios that are still built on very simplified projections of population’s reactions. However, humans can act in a way that differs significantly from the expectations of the risk managers; this can compromise emergency preparedness and response. More, many deaths are caused by inappropriate behavior. That’s why the Com2SiCa research program is currently producing an original database on the behavior adopted by the population at the time of the crisis. This database relies on a large body of sources of information (papers, surveys, feedback reports, interviews, etc.) of the major events of the past 40 years. The objective is to identify the range of human behavior and to highlight its recurrences and specificities with a set of descriptors facilitating analyses and qualitative and quantitative comparisons. The aim is also to offer a large panel of observed situations for crisis managers’ education and training. This work has been supported by the French government, through the National Research Agency (ANR) under the Societal Challenge 9 "Freedom and security of Europe, its citizens and residents" with the reference number ANR-17-CE39-0008

Com2SiCa (2) A database to explore the human behavior at the very moment of disasters

International audienceThe human society is increasingly impacted by many natural, technological and societal disasters that stress the vulnerability of populations. In addition, the crisis management is particularly observed by people who judge their performance. To maintain their credibility, the authorities must prove their control over the situation. Significant efforts have been made in this field, to anticipate the disaster and the resulting disorganization. However, the importance of the human behavior remains limited in the scenarios that are still built on very simplified projections of population’s reactions. However, humans can act in a way that differs significantly from the expectations of the risk managers; this can compromise emergency preparedness and response. More, many deaths are caused by inappropriate behavior. That’s why the Com2SiCa research program is currently producing an original database on the behavior adopted by the population at the time of the crisis. This database relies on a large body of sources of information (papers, surveys, feedback reports, interviews, etc.) of the major events of the past 40 years. The objective is to identify the range of human behavior and to highlight its recurrences and specificities with a set of descriptors facilitating analyses and qualitative and quantitative comparisons. The aim is also to offer a large panel of observed situations for crisis managers’ education and training. This work has been supported by the French government, through the National Research Agency (ANR) under the Societal Challenge 9 "Freedom and security of Europe, its citizens and residents" with the reference number ANR-17-CE39-0008

Maritime shifts in the world economy: evidence from the Lloyd's List corpus, eighteenth to twenty-first centuries

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