Survival of Pen-Reared Ring-Necked Pheasants Released in Southeastern Iowa

A mass release of 2,465 ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) at a single site in previously unoccupied range in southeastern Iowa in the fall of 1970 was evaluated by studying mortality, dispersal, reproduction, and population levels. The spring cock population near the release site, sampled by crowing-count surveys, remained at the same level from 1971 to 1972. A 60% drop in the estimated hen population in the same area was accompanied by a drop in winter sex ratios from 4.1 hens/cock in 1971 (first winter after release) to 1.5 in 1972. These changes are thought due to the addition of young-of-the-year (71.2%), with an assumed sex ratio of 1:1. Twenty-three percent of the nests found in 1971 were successful. Roadside surveys and field observations in August show that 71.4% of the hens had broods in 1971, and that the average brood of age 6 weeks or older had 7.1 ± 1.1 chicks. A few birds dispersed as far as 21.5 miles immediately after release, but most stayed near the release site. Radially diverging crowing-count surveys revealed an area of concentration of birds within 2 miles of the release site in 1971; concentration expanded to 3 miles in 1972. Observed mortality during the 2 months after the release was not excessive. Weight changes of three groups of pheasants from the time of banding to the time of sampling show that birds collected from the field 1 month after release had gained more weight than birds held in captivity for the same time

Pasture Utilization at Islands in Northern Norway

The Norwegian sheep industry is based on utilization of “free” rangeland pasture resources. Use of mountain pastures is dominating, with about two million sheep grazing these pastures during summer. Regional challenges related to e.g., loss of sheep to large carnivores make farmers think differently. The Norwegian coastline is among the longest globally and is scattered with islets and islands. Alone along the coast of Nordland county, it is estimated more than 14,000 islands. Use of islands for summer pasture is an alternative but there is a limited knowledge about such a management system. In this study, we examined lambs’ average daily gain on island pastures at the coast of Norway. In total 230 lambs on three islands (Sandvær, Sjonøya, and Buøya), with varying pasture quality and stocking rate, for 3 years (2012, 2013, and 2014). At Sandvær as much as 92% of the island was characterized as high nutritional value while at Sjonøya and Buøya only 15%, was characterized high nutritional value. We found an average daily lamb growth rate of 0.320 kg d−1. Lambs on Sandvær had a higher daily gain (P \u3c 0.05) than those on Sjonøya and Buøya, and lambs’ average daily gain was significantly lower (P \u3c 0.05) in 2013 compared to 2012 and 2014. We conclude that with a dynamic and adaptive management strategy there is a potential to utilize islands for sheep grazing during summer

Hysteretic Transition Between States of a Filled Hexagonal Magnetic Dipole Cluster

By minimizing the magnetostatic potential energy and by finding zeros in the sum of the squares of the torques, we find the equilibrium states of six dipoles of identical strength at the vertices of a regular hexagon and a variable-strength dipole at the center. The seven dipoles spin freely about fixed axes that are perpendicular to the plane of the hexagon, with their dipole moments directed parallel to the plane. When the central dipole is weak compared with the perimeter dipoles, a ‘‘circular’’ state applies in which the perimeter dipole moments circle around the central dipole, which points toward a perimeter dipole. When the central dipole is strong, a more symmetric ‘‘dipolar’’ state applies in which the perimeter dipole moments align approximately with the field of the central dipole. Over an intermediate range of dipole strengths bounded by two critical values, both states are locally stable and the state of the system depends upon its history. Iron filings are used to observe both states in experiments on small spherical neodymium magnets. A ‘‘misaligned’’ state that is barely unstable theoretically is also observed experimentally; this state resembles the circular state except that the central dipole moment points toward a point of contact between two perimeter magnets

Hysteretic Transition Between States of a Filled Hexagonal Magnetic Dipole Cluster

By minimizing the magnetostatic potential energy and by finding zeros in the sum of the squares of the torques, we find the equilibrium states of six dipoles of identical strength at the vertices of a regular hexagon and a variable-strength dipole at the center. The seven dipoles spin freely about fixed axes that are perpendicular to the plane of the hexagon, with their dipole moments directed parallel to the plane. When the central dipole is weak compared with the perimeter dipoles, a ‘‘circular’’ state applies in which the perimeter dipole moments circle around the central dipole, which points toward a perimeter dipole. When the central dipole is strong, a more symmetric ‘‘dipolar’’ state applies in which the perimeter dipole moments align approximately with the field of the central dipole. Over an intermediate range of dipole strengths bounded by two critical values, both states are locally stable and the state of the system depends upon its history. Iron filings are used to observe both states in experiments on small spherical neodymium magnets. A ‘‘misaligned’’ state that is barely unstable theoretically is also observed experimentally; this state resembles the circular state except that the central dipole moment points toward a point of contact between two perimeter magnets

On the Saturation of Astrophysical Dynamos: Numerical Experiments with the No-cosines flow

In the context of astrophysical dynamos we illustrate that the no-cosines flow, with zero mean helicity, can drive fast dynamo action and study the dynamo's mode of operation during both the linear and non-linear saturation regime: It turns out that in addition to a high growth rate in the linear regime, the dynamo saturates at a level significantly higher than normal turbulent dynamos, namely at exact equipartition when the magnetic Prandtl number is on the order of unity. Visualization of the magnetic and velocity fields at saturation will help us to understand some of the aspects of the non-linear dynamo problem.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the proceedings of "Space Climate 1" to be peer-reviewed to Solar Physic

Proceed with Caution: Transition from Paper to Computerized Pain Body Maps

AbstractPatients with advanced-stage cancer often have a high symptom burden and reduced functional status, implying that the patients themselves should be involved in development and testing of interactive assessment tools. This paper reports on an assessment of use of a pain tool, which led to changes in both medium and program in order to adapt to the patients’ needs and abilities. Our study shows how a change in medium for pain assessment from paper via laptop to iPad affects the interaction with the tool on important aspects of use. We also show how changes of medium affect the readability of the output for health care workers. We achieved better results with an iPad-based pain assessment tool developed through user-centered design compared to both a paper-based and conventional laptop-based tool

SPECIFICATION AND PROCUREMENT OF CP-5 FUEL TUBES.

Contains the specifications of CP-5 fuel tubes

The Relationship Between Motivational Climate and Personal Treatment Satisfaction Among Young Soccer Players in Norway: The Moderating Role of Supportive Coach-Behaviour

Motivational climate and coach-behaviour seem important to understand sport involvement and participation. However, less is known about the potential interaction between these facets, and how it relates to athlete satisfaction. This study’s purpose is to examine the relationship between the perceived motivational climate, supportive coach-behaviour, and athletes’ personal treatment satisfaction among young soccer players. More specifically, we investigated the moderating effect of supportive coach-behaviour on the relationship between motivational climate and personal treatment satisfaction. Five hundred and thirty-two players (Mean age = 15.4 years, SD = 1.2) attending a Norwegian national soccer tournament participated in the study. Self-completion questionnaires were used to attain data. A linear regression analysis revealed that mastery of climate and supportive coach-behaviour were positively associated with personal treatment satisfaction. A negative association was found between performance climate and personal treatment satisfaction. Further, moderation analyses revealed that supportive coach-behaviour moderated the relationship between performance climate and personal treatment satisfaction. The findings indicate that a performance climate may not be as maladaptive when coaches provide supportive behaviour. The findings highlight the value of a further examination of the interaction between motivational climate and coaching behaviours, and its potential relations to young athlete’s sport experience.publishedVersio