An Analysis of Information Management at the School Level in Malawi: A Case of Lilongwe Primary Schools

Information can provide a guide and direction for action. Educational Management Information Systems (EMIS) in Malawi was established in 1986 to generate quality information for planning, policy formation, and decision-making. Despite many efforts to improve EMIS, Malawi stills struggles to have good information. One of the challenges rests on making schools play their roles effectively, as the major source of data for EMIS in these efforts. The purpose of this study was to describe the information management in primary schools in Malawi, using survey research. The study analyzed information management at the school level by focusing on data collection, record keeping, data communication, and information use. The approach to thus study involved survey research at the school level and qualitative research at district level. The study revealed that the documents which teachers regularly updated were those that are required. As for record-keeping practice at school level, the factor of rural and urban location influenced the updating of class registers. There was no difference on updating of class register based on other demographic factors of teachers, such as sex, qualifications, and teaching experience. The study also found that data collection of complementary and relevant data is not very effective. No practice influenced the updating of the data at school level

ケニア キョウワコク ノ ショトウ ガッコウ ニオケル ジュギョウ ケンキュウ : ゲンジョウ ト カダイ

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) implemented a project titled Strengthening Mathematics and Science Education Project (SMASE:2009-2013) to improve the quality of teaching by introducing lesson study in clusters as well as in schools. A total of 80 plus Teacher Advisory Centre (TAC) tutors and District Quality Assurance and Standard Officers (DQASO) were trained between 2010 and 2013 in Naruto University of Education to enhance their skills to observe lessons and make constructive comments for lesson improvement. As a follow-up，the authors visited a few INSET sites and confirmed that the lesson study is an effective tool for improving teaching methods in classroom， but further capacity building on subject content is crucial to make an effective change in lesson presentation

Determination of βS haplotypes in patients with sickle-cell anemia in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

βS haplotypes were studied in 47 non-related patients with sickle-cell anemia from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Molecular analysis was conducted by PCR/RFLP using restriction endonucleases XmnI, HindIII, HincII and HinfI to analyze six polymorphic sites from the beta cluster. Twenty-seven patients (57.5%) were identified with genotype CAR/CAR, 9 (19.1%) CAR/BEN, 6 (12.8%) CAR/CAM, 1 (2.1%) BEN/BEN, 2 (4.3%) CAR/Atp, 1 (2.1%) BEN/Atp and 1 (2.1%) with genotype Atp/Atp. The greater frequency of Cameroon haplotypes compared to other Brazilian states suggests the existence of a peculiarity of African origin in the state of Rio Grande do Norte

Effects of palm cooling with CoolMitt

J-GLOBAL ID : 201901002195328127J-GLOBAL ID : 201901007563059516J-GLOBAL ID : 201801004201806465J-GLOBAL ID : 200901012516528555application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Imaging of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy with Bivalent 99m Tc-Hydroxamamide Complexes

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), characterized by the deposition of amyloid aggregates in the walls of cerebral vasculature, is a major factor in intracerebral hemorrhage and vascular cognitive impairment and is also associated closely with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously reported 99m Tc-hydroxamamide (99m Tc-Ham) complexes with a bivalent amyloid ligand showing high binding affinity for β-amyloid peptide (Aβ(1-42)) aggregates present frequently in the form in AD. In this article, we applied them to CAA-specific imaging probes, and evaluated their utility for CAA-specific imaging. In vitro inhibition assay using Aβ(1-40) aggregates deposited mainly in CAA and a brain uptake study were performed for 99m Tc-Ham complexes, and all 99m Tc-Ham complexes with an amyloid ligand showed binding affinity for Aβ(1-40) aggregates and very low brain uptake. In vitro autoradiography of human CAA brain sections and ex vivo autoradiography of Tg2576 mice were carried out for bivalent 99m Tc-Ham complexes ([ 99m Tc]SB2A and [ 99m Tc]BT2B), and they displayed excellent labeling of Aβ depositions in human CAA brain sections and high affinity and selectivity to CAA in transgenic mice. These results may offer new possibilities for the development of clinically useful CAA-specific imaging probes based on the 99m Tc-Ham complex