A comparative study on the performance properties of breathable and non-breathable baby diaper back sheet

Disposable diapers are very important in terms of babies’ health because they are in touch with the baby’s skin. Disposable diapers have sheets with different functions from each other. The main layers of disposable diapers are as follows: top sheet, absorbent layer and back sheet. The function of the top sheet is to pass the liquid to the lower absorbent layer whereas the function of the absorbent layer is to absorb the liquid. As for the back sheet, this layer keeps the liquid inside and prevents it from leaving the diaper. The back sheet is usually a nonwoven/ polyethylene (PE) film composite. Considering the babies’ health, breathable back sheets are mostly used in baby diapers to keep the skin drier. These have a positive effect on the baby’s skin, especially in terms of occlusion, diaper dermatitis. In this study, the performance properties of some commercial baby diaper back sheet layers have been investigated. For this purpose, weight, thickness, air permeability, water vapor permeability and water resistance tests were applied to back sheet samples with different fabric mass as breathable and non-breathable films. All back sheet samples are SMS nonwoven/ polyethylene (PE) film composites. Breathable samples have a larger fabric mass than non-breathable samples. For breathable samples, while increasing mass, air permeability and water vapor permeability decrease, water resistance increases. On the other hand, the same tendency is not seen in non-breathable samples. Breathable samples have higher air permeability, water vapor permeability, water resistance, and bursting strength than non-breathable samples. Consequently, the using of a baby diaper containing breathable back sheet is more proper in terms of baby’s skin health

PET Bottle Recycling for Sustainable Textiles

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), as the most favorable packaging material, is owing to its transparent color, lightweight, strength, food safe, inexpensive price, fully recyclability, etc. In addition to all these advantages, PET as a waste material takes up considerable space in nature and needs to be recycled for the disposal of these wastes. In this regard, recycling enables conserving raw materials, reducing energy use in order to produce virgin PET, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Today, PET is the most widely recycled plastic in the world. Eco-friendly products obtained by recycling of PET are mainly used as textile fibers. In addition, both brands and consumers are seen to be enthusiastic in order to minimize the environmental effects of PET wastes. This study is concerned with the use of textile fiber from recycled PET (r-PET) bottles to produce a cotton blended ring and compact yarns. Undoubtedly, the study also includes comparison of cotton blended virgin polyester fiber (v-PET) with r-PET fiber to determine the advantages and disadvantages of r-PET fiber. The reason for choosing cotton fiber is the most preferred fiber blending with PET commercially

Compression properties of woven carpet performance under dynamic loading

Although carpets are seen as decorative products for consumers, it is important that they must have optimum quality performance. The most important features affecting quality performance are pile fiber, pile yarn, pile height, pile density, carpet surface structure (cut pile or loop pile), carpet construction etc. During usage the carpet are exposed to a number of forces due to compressional loading such as dynamic or static. To counteract these forces, the resilience of pile yarn is vital. This paper demonstrates the influence of pile density and pile height of structure parameters on compression performance which was exposed to dynamic loading. In that respect, acrylic fiber was used as pile to manufacture Wilton face-to-face cut-pile carpets at two pile densities (2400 piles/dm2, 2880 piles/dm2) and three pile heights (7 mm, 11 mm and 16 mm). To determine the compression properties, carpets were subjected to dynamic loading at 50, 100, 200 and 1000 impacts. Thickness of carpets was taken at each of these four impacts. Finally, thickness loss of carpets as well as compression performance was detected. In order to identify the effect of pile density, pile height and number of impact on thickness loss of carpet after dynamic loading, analysis of variance was performed statistically. Results showed that pile height, pile density and number of impact have statistically significance on compression performance of carpet samples

Investigation of the performance properties of fabricswovenwith microfilament yarns.

TEZ9061Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2013.Kaynakça (s. 241-249) var.xx, 271 s. : res. ; 29 cm.In this thesis work, it is aimed to investigate the effects of microfilament fineness and weft sett on woven fabric performance properties for raincoat, tent, sleeping bag and wind cloth end uses. In this thesis scope, 60 woven fabric samples were produced with 1/1 Plain, 3/2 Twill and 4/1 Satin weave types, 4 different weft sett value for every weave type and 5 different filament finenesses. Breaking strength and elongation, tear strength, air permeability and water vapor permeability tests were done to determine the durability, wind resistance and breathability of these samples. The optimum weft sett and filament fineness values of every weave type were determined by multi response optimization process. Then, 5 different woven fabrics of plain weave type which have the optimum weft sett and 5 different filament fineness were treated to water repellent finish. Contact angle measurement, spray test and hydrostatic pressure test were done to establish the water repellency and water penetration of these samples and to determine the effect of filament fineness to these performances. Also, the previous performance tests were repeated to indicate the effect of water repellency finishing treatment on these performance properties.Bu tez çalışması ile yağmurluk, çadır, uyku tulumu ve rüzgar giysisi gibi ürünlerde kullanılabilecek dokuma kumaşlar için mikrofilament inceliğinin ve atkı sıklığının kumaş performans özelliklerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Tez çalışması kapsamında 1/1 Bezayağı, 3/2 Dimi (Z) ve 4/1 Saten doku tiplerinde, her bir doku tipi için sabit çözgü sıklığında 4 farklı atkı sıklığı ve 5 farklı filament inceliği uygulanarak toplam 60 adet dokuma kumaş üretilmiştir. Bu kumaşların kullanım dayanımlarını saptamak amacıyla kopma mukavemeti ve uzaması, yırtılma mukavemeti, rüzgara karşı bariyer sağlama etkilerini saptamak amacıyla hava geçirgenliği, nefes alabilirliklerinin saptanması amacıyla su buharı geçirgenliği testleri uygulanmıştır. Her bir doku tipi için çok yanıtlı optimizasyon tekniği ile optimum atkı sıklığı ve filament inceliği değerleri saptanmıştır. Daha sonra bezayağı doku tipi için saptanan sıklık değerinde ve 5 farklı filament inceliğindeki 5 adet kumaşa su iticilik bitim işlemi uygulanmıştır. Bitim işleminin kumaşlarda sağladığı su iticilik ve su geçirmezlik özelliklerinin tespit edilmesi ve bu özelliklere filament inceliğinin etkisinin saptanması amacıyla temas açısı ölçümü, püskürtme testi ve hidrostatik basınç testi uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan bitim işleminin performans özelliklerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla performans testleri tekrarlanmıştır.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: MMF2009D17

Pamuk-Rejenere Selülozik Lif Karışımlı Biyobozunur İpliklerde Karışım Oranı ve Eğirme Teknolojisinin İpliklerin Fiziksel, Mekanik ve Sürtünme Özelliklerine Etkisi

Bu çalışmada, rejenere selülozik lif-pamuk karışımlı biyobozunur ipliklerin tribolojik özellikleri ile diğer ipliközelliklerine iplik eğirme teknolojisi ve karışım oranının etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacıdoğrultusunda, mukavemet, uzama, düzgünsüzlük, hata indeksi ve tüylülük özellikleri araştırılmış veoptimizasyon çalışması yapılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, iplik sürtünme özellikleri ile diğer iplik özellikleriarasındaki ilişkiler analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında %100 rejenere selülozik lif, %67/33, %50/50 ve%33/67 rejenere selülozik lif-pamuk karışımları kullanılarak ipliklerin sürtünme özellikleri incelenmiştir.Biyobozunur karışımlı ipliklerin rejenere selülozik bileşeni olarak Lyocell, Modal, bambu ve viskon liflerikullanılmış ve ring, open-end (rotor) ve vortex iplik eğirme teknolojileri ile 25 tex iplik üretilmiştir. Buçalışmanın sonucunda, iplik-metal, iplik-seramik ve iplik-iplik sürtünme testlerinde en yüksek değerler vorteksiplik eğirme sistemlerinden elde edilmiştir. İplik-metal ve iplik-seramik sürtünme testlerinde ise en düşükdeğerler open-end rotor iplik eğirme sistemlerinde tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, yapılan optimizasyon çalışmasısonucunda mukavemet, uzama, hata indeksi ve tüylülük özellikleri için optimum sonucun %67 Lyocell-%33Pamuk karışımlı ring ipliklere ait olduğu görülmüştür.In this study, the tribological properties of regenerated cellulosic fiber-cotton blended biodegradableyarns and the effects of spinning technology and blending ratio on other yarn properties areinvestigated. In the scope of the study, strength, elongation, unevenness, IPI and hairiness propertieswere investigated and optimization study was carried out. In addition, the relationships between yarnfriction properties and other yarn properties were analyzed. According to the study, the frictionproperties of the yarns were investigated by using 100% regenerated cellulosic fiber, 67/33%, 50/50%and 33/67% regenerated cellulosic fiber-cotton blends. Lyocell, Modal, bamboo, and viscose fiberswhich are biodegradable blended yarns were used as the regenerated cellulosic component of and 25tex yarns were produced with ring, open-end (rotor) and vortex spinning technologies. As a result ofthis study, the highest values in yarn-metal, yarn-ceramic, and yarn-yarn friction tests were obtainedfrom vortex spinning systems. In yarn-metal and yarn-ceramic friction tests, the lowest values weredetermined in open-end rotor spinning systems. In addition, as a result of the optimization study, itwas seen that the optimum result for strength, elongation, error index and hairiness propertiesbelonged to 67% Lyocell-33% Cotton mixed ring yarns.</p