Registration of ‘Wahoo’ Wheat

‘Wahoo’ (Reg. no. CV-920, PI 619098) is a hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar developed cooperatively by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in 2000 by the developing institutions and the Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station. Wahoo was released primarily for its superior adaptation to rainfed (syn. nonirrigated) wheat production regions in eastern Nebraska and broad adaptation to rainfed wheat production regions in Wyoming and Nebraska. Where it is adapted, Wahoo should be a good replacement cultivar for ‘Arapahoe’ (Baenziger et al., 1989). Wahoo is genetically complementary to ‘2137’, ‘Alliance’, ‘Buckskin’, ‘Jagger’, ‘Pronghorn’, and ‘Windstar’. It is noncomplementary to ‘Abilene’ (PI 511307), Arapahoe, ‘Culver’, ‘Millennium’, ‘Niobrara’, and ‘Vista’. Wahoo was selected from the cross Arapahoe*2/Abilene, which was made in 1988. The F1 was grown greenhouse and the F2 and the to F3 generations were advanced by the bulk breeding method at Mead, NE. Wahoo is an F3:4 line that was visually selected for its phenotypic uniformity and perceived agronomic merit, winter survival, maturity, and general resistance to diseases observed in the field. From the F5 to release, the line was advanced with yearly rouging to remove phenotypic variants. Wahoo was evaluated as NE94654 in Nebraska yield nurseries starting in 1995, in the Northern Regional Performance Nursery in 1998 and 1999, and in Nebraska cultivar performance trials in 1999 and 2000. In the Nebraska cultivar performance trials, it has performed well throughout most of Nebraska and Wyoming, yet is best adapted to eastern Nebraska. The average Nebraska rainfed yield of Wahoo of 3620 kg ha−1 (27 environments) was greater than the yields of Alliance (3550 kg ha−1), Culver (3510 kg ha−1), and Millennium (3580 kg ha−1). In Wyoming, Wahoo yielded an average of 2590 kg ha−1 (9 environments), which was superior to Buckskin (2390 kg ha−1) and Pronghorn (2380 kg ha−1). Wahoo was tested in the Northern Regional Performance Nursery in 1998 and 1999. It ranked 16th of 28 entries in 1998 (17 environments) and 6th of 29 entries in 1999 (18 environments) and averaged 225 kg ha−1 more yield than Abilene. Wahoo has not performed well under irrigation and is not recommended for use in irrigated productions systems

Intraspecific variability in herbivore performance and host quality: a field study of Uroleucon caligatum (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its Solidago hosts (Asteraceae)

1. Performances of two clones of Uroleucon caligatum on eleven clones of Solidago were measured by caging aphids on plants in the field. 2. Several measures were obtained, including developmental time from birth to adulthood, size of first instar nymphs, adult weight, and total colony weight. 3. All measures of performance were strongly affected by plant clone. 4. Effect of aphid clone-plant clone interaction was significant only for first instar size. 5. In a subsequent screenhouse experiment, plant clones were subjected to uniform conditions and still exhibited large differences in host quality.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72064/1/j.1365-2311.1981.tb00617.x.pd

Resistência de soja a insetos: VIII. IAC 78-2318, linhagem com resistência múltipla Resistance of soybean to insects: VIII. IAC 78-2318 line with multiple insect resistance

Estudou-se, em comparação com outros genótipos de soja, o comportamento da linhagem IAC 78-2318, em relação à oviposição e colonização da mosca-branca Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) e à área foliar consumida por besouros crisomelídeos e lagartas. Em Campinas, SP, em 1981, em casa de vegetação, submeteram-se os cultivares Santa Rosa, Paraná, BR-1, Bossier, IAC 8 e IAC 12 e as linhagens IAC 73-228, IAC 78-2318, D72-9601-1, PI 171451, PI 229358 e PI 274454 à infestação artificial de adultos da mosca-branca. IAC 78-2318, embora apresentando alto número de ovos, teve colonização baixa, próxima aos materiais mais resistentes (PI 171451 e PI 229358). Em Santo Antonio de Posse, SP, em 1985, em campo, IAC 78-2318, quando comparado com IAC 80-596-2, 'Santa Rosa', 'IAC 8' e 'IAC 11', mostrou a menor perda de área foliar devida à alimentação de coleópteros crisomelídeos, principalmente Cerotoma arcuata (Oliv.) e Diphaulaca viridipennis Clark, e de lagartas, com predominância de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hubn.). Como já havia sido registrado anteriormente baixo dano de Epinotia aporema (Wals.) e de percevejos pentatomideos em IAC 78-2318, com as observações presentes essa linhagem fica caracterizada como portadora de resistência múltipla a insetos.<br>The performance of the soybean line IAC 78-2318 in relation to oviposition and colonization by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and to defoliation by caterpillars and chrysomelidae was studied in comparison to other varieties. At Campinas, State of São Paulo - Brazil, in greenhouse, the cultivars Santa Rosa, Paraná, BR-1, Bossier, IAC 8 and IAC 12, and the lines IAC 73-228, IAC 78-2318, D72-9601-1, PI 171451, PI 229358 e PI 274454 were submitted to artificial infestation of whitefly adults from tomato plants highly infested. Despite the high number of eggs in the IAC 78-2318 folioles, this line had a low colonization, comparable to the more resistants lines (PI 171451 and PI 229358). At Santo Antonio de Posse, SP - Brazil, in the field, when compared with 'IAC 11', 'IAC 8', 'Santa Rosa' and IAC 80-596-2, the IAC 78-2318 showed the lowest defoliation due to the attack of chrysomelidae, mainly Cerotoma arcuata (Oliv.) and Diphaulaca viridipennis Clark, and caterpillars, mainly Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hubn.). The IAC 78-2318 has been cited as a line with low damage by Epinotia aporema (Wals.) and by stink bugs; so, with the present results, it was characterized the presence of multiple insect resistance in this line

Resistência de soja a insetos: IV. Comportamento de cultivares e linhagens em relação a Hedilepta indicata (Fabr.) Resistance of soybean to insects: IV. Performance of cultivars and lines in relation to Hedilepta indicata (Fabr.)

Em condições de campo e de telado, estudou-se o comportamento das seguintes linhagens e cultivares de soja em relação à lagarta-enroladeira, Hedilepta indicata (Fabr., 1775): PI 227687, IAC 73-228, IAC 79-1823, 'Santa Rosa', IAC 80-596-2, 'IAC 12', 'IAC 8', IAC 78-2318, D 72-9601-1, PI 171451, 'IAC São Carlos' e PI 229358, quanto ao número de pontos de ataque do inseto. Tanto no campo como em telado, IAC 73-228 e PI 229358 apresentaram, respectivamente, o menor e o maior valor. Em condições de campo, PI 227687 e IAC 73-228 sofreram as menores perdas de área foliar devidas ao ataque de H. indicata, enquanto 'IAC São Carlos', PI 171451 e PI 229358 se mostraram como os mais suscetíveis. Em outro experimento conduzido em campo, utilizando-se PI 274454, PI 274453, IAC 73-228, 'IAC 12', IAC 80-596-2, 'UFV-1', IAC 78-2318 e 'Paraná', os dois primeiros apresentaram alto nível de resistência ao inseto, superior ao exibido por IAC 73-228, sendo que 'Paraná' teve a maior perda de área foliar. Ainda em condições de campo, em área de seleção de plantas F2 descendentes do cruzamento de 'Paraná' com PI 274453, foram avaliadas, individualmente, plantas quanto à área foliar comida: os resultados obtidos sugerem que a resistência da PI 274453 a H. indicata seja devida a um gene dominante.<br>Performance of soybean cultivars and lines in relation to H. indicata was studied under field and screen house conditions. Differences in the number of points of attack (characterized by the rolling or junction of the folioles by means of silk secretion) were evaluated in PI 227687, IAC 73-228, IAC 79-1823, 'Santa Rosa', IAC 80-596-2, 'IAC 12', 'IAC 8', IAC 78-2318, D 72-9601-1, PI 171451, 'IAC São Carlos' and PI 229358; in both, field and screen house conditions, IAC 73-228 and PI 229358 showed, respectively, the lowest and the highest values. In the field, PI 227687 and IAC 73-228 presented low defoliation, while 'IAC São Carlos', PI 171451 and PI 229358 were highly defoliated. In another field experiment with PI 274454, PI 274453, IAC 73-228, 'IAC 12', IAC 80-596-2, 'UFV-1', IAC 78-2318 and 'Paraná', the first two varieties were highly resistant to H indicata The level of resistance of the PI's was superior to that of IAC 73-228. 'Paraná' was the most susceptible variety. Under field conditions, in an area of selection of F2 plants descendents of crosses between 'Paraná' and PI 274453, 63 plants were evaluated in relation to the eaten leaf area; the results suggest that the PI 274453 resistance to H. indicata is inherited in this cross as dominant simple, being possible to transfer it to commercial varieties