Synthesis and Spectral Analysis of Some Metal Ions Complexes with Mixed Ligands of Schiff Base and 1, 10-Phenanthroline

The free Schiff base ligand (HL1) is prepared by being mixed with the co-ligand 1, 10-phenanthroline (L2). The product then is reacted with metal ions: (Cr+3, Fe+3, Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2 and Cd+2) to get new metal ion complexes. The ligand is prepared and its metal ion complexes are characterized by physic-chemical spectroscopic techniques such as: FT-IR, UV-Vis, spectra, mass spectrometer, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, metal content, chloride content and microanalysis (C.H.N) techniques. The results show the formation of the free Schiff base ligand (HL1). The fragments of the prepared free Schiff base ligand are identified by the mass spectrometer technique. All the analysis of ligand and its metal complexes are in good agreement with the theoretical values indicating the purity of Schiff base ligand and the metal complexes. From the above data, the molecular structures for all the metal complexes are proposed to be octahedra

Evaluation of Legislation Adequacy in Managing Time and Quality Performance in Iraqi Construction Projects- a Bayesian Decision Tree Approach

Delay and quality defects are significant problems in Iraqi construction projects. During the period from 2003-2014, legislation has been changed to enhance the performance of construction project. This change is done by modifying some clauses of legislation and adding or deleting the others. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adequacy of these changes by using questionnaire and Bayesian decision tree model. 30 projects were taken for the period from 2003-2014. Performance of construction project was assessed on one hand by conducting a questionnaire which depend on the impact of legislation clauses on the time and quality performance, while on the other hand Bayesian decision tree model was developed in which qualitative estimate of time and quality performance by using KNIME program. The results of questionnaire estimate the delay from very low to very high and quality from very low to high in Iraqi construction industry. The results of Bayesian decision tree model reveal that the high percentage of construction projects were implemented with very high delay and high level of quality. The model gives good accuracy in prediction time and quality performance about 86.7%. These results show the enhancement in the quality performance is greater than the time performance under the legislative change. The model can assist the Iraqi legislator in evaluation the impact of legislation on time and quality performance of construction project

The prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in pure type II diabetic patients

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) has a negative effect on survival and quality of life in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) and is regarded as a subtype of the diabetic autonomic neuropathy. This type of neuropathy is the most prominent focusing because of its life threatening and the availability of the cardiovascular tests that can diagnose it. This study aims to determine the prevalence of CAN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross sectional study included 103 (56 males and 47 females) pure diabetic patients without hypertension or pre-diagnosis of ischemia. They had attended to the diabetic center in Marjan Medical City in Hilla from March 2013 to February 2014. The patients had undergone thorough assessments that included clinical (history and full examination). The study found that  most of the diabetic patients presented with CAN (72.8%). Patients with CAN were older when compared to patients without CAN (p?0.01) and  had longer duration of DM (p?0.01). The most abnormal sympathetic response was diastolic blood pressure response to hand grip while the most abnormal parasympathetic response was heart rate response to breathing. On contrary, the lowest abnormal response was found in postural blood pressure test. In conclusion, This study concludes that CAN is a common complication of type 2 diabetes that affected a large percentage of diabetic patients. The duration of the diabetes and the age of patients are important non modifiable risk factors for the development of CAN. Additionally, heart rate variability is considered as an important test for early detection of CAN. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Cardiac autonomic neuropathy, Cardiac autonomic reflex test

Design and Implementation of A Software Protection System Against Software Piracy By Using Cryptographic Techniques

Software Piracy becomes a major problem with the fast and vast growth in the useof the internet, and the new computer technologies is aided in increasing softwarepiracy. In this work, a software protection system against piracy is proposed. Thisproposed system uses standard techniques to ease these difficulties such as Zeroknowledge proof, Improved RSA, MD5, and Triple DES. The proposed system use aproposed method to protect all the system files, and a proposed algorithm to generatesoftware Copy Identification Number called (ICN). The implemented system where asoftware application hashes hardware serial numbers to generate a unique InstallationID. This Installation ID is sent to the manufacturer to verify the authenticity of theapplication and to ensure that the product is not being used for multiple installation

Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and central obesity among adults in the Eastern Sudan

© 2020 Omar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background A global epidemic of obesity has been documented, particularly among African countries. While central obesity and overweight have been reported for many countries, very limited information exists about the prevalence of these health problems in Sudan, and these data are nonexistent for Eastern Sudan. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and central obesity, as well as the factors associated with both, among adults in Gadarif, Eastern Sudan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gadarif, Eastern Sudan, during the period of January through May 2018. Sociodemographic and health characteristics data were collected through a questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured using the standard methods. Both descriptive and inferential statics were applied to analyze the data. Results A total of 594 adults participated in the study; 70.4% of them were female. The mean (standard deviation) age was 44.98 (16.64) years. Of the 594 enrolled participants, 33.7%, 7.4%, 26.8%, and 32.2% were normal weight, underweight, overweight, and obese, respectively. The prevalence of central obesity was (67.8%). Approximately, one-third of the participants (29.29%) were obese and had central obesity. In the multinomial regression, being married was the main risk factor associated with overweight, and older age, female sex, being married and hypertension were significantly associated with obesity. In the binary regression, the main risk factors associated with central obesity were female sex and being married. Conclusion The prevalence rates of both obesity and central obesity among the study participants were high. Older age and hypertension were only associated with obesity. Obesity and central obesity were significantly associated with female sex and being married. This study provided valuable baseline information to develop appropriate strategies for the prevention and control of obesity in Eastern Sudan

Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) for biodiesel production using waste frying oil (WFO)

In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized by simple solution-based approach using zinc nitrate  [Zn(NO3)2.6H2O] and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as precursor. The Synthesized ZnO-NPs were characterized by XRF, XRD and TGA methods. XRD method confirmed the formation of nanosized zinc oxide particles in the size range of 13–47 nm. XRF and TGA were used to determine the elemental composition and thermal stability of ZnO-NPs, respectively. The ZnO-NPs were used as catalyst in the production of biodiesel from waste frying oil (WFO) via transesterification method. The transesterification process yielded 97.8 % (w/w) WFO biodiesel. The results of the fuel properties revealed that, all the parameters tested are within the ASTM limits, indicating that the biodiesel produced could be used as an alternative diesel fuel

Microscopic trans-cerebellar approach for infratentorial cavernous malformation near the lateral recess associated with developmental venous anomaly: Case report

Background: Reports showed the intimate association of the developmental venous anomaly with infra-tentorial cavernous malformation. This association has several clinical and surgical implications, sometimes this association will be a surgical challenge and affect the selection of the safest approach to the lesion. Surgery for infratentorial cavernoma is indicated for accessible symptomatic lesion only. Case scenario: we present a case of deep cerebello-pontine CM adjacent to the lateral recess, presented with acute clinical deterioration to the emergency department of the Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, with the only possible approach was Trans-cerebellar approach because of the medial location of the associated DVA. Conclusion: The association of developmental venous anomaly with infratentorial cavernous malformation has a pivotal role in selection the most appropriate and safe surgical approach which should be based upon the individualized patient anatomy and the location of the target lesion

Interleukin–33, Oxidative Stress in Prediabetic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients with Insulin Resistance

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the common female endocrine disorders of uncertain etiology, which causes menstrual disorders as well as infertility. Interleukin–33(IL-33) is considered as a strong risk marker of inflammation and may have possible role in pathogenesis of PCOS. Objectives: The present study is designed to investigate the possible role of IL-33 in pathogenesis of PCOS and its relation with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C),insulin resistance(IR) and oxidative stress in prediabetic PCOS patients. Subjects and Methods: The study involved 30 healthy women as control group and sixty six infertile Iraqi women with PCOS which were divided into two groups according to glycated heamoglobin(HbA1c) value and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The first group (G1) consist of 30 women with HbA1c ≤ 6.5% and HOMA –IR<3.8 as PCOS without diabetes and without insulin resistance. The second group(G2) consist of 36 patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5 % and HOMA-IR ≥ 3.8 as PCOS with pre diabetes type 2 and insulin resistance. Ten milliliters of blood were collected from all subjects by vein puncture during 2nd – 4th day of the menstrual cycle. Two ml of blood were collected in EDTA tube for HbA1c analysis. The serum which obtained from the remained blood were used for determination of (insulin, fasting blood glucose(FBG), Malondialdehyde(MDA) , Total antioxidant capacity(TAC) , uric acid, glutathione(GSH), albumin, and IL-33) . Results: Results revealed a significant elevation in HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, MDA, TAC, uric acid and IL-33 in the patients group when compared with healthy women. On the other hand, a significant decreased in GSH and albumin were found in patients group when compared with control group. Also there are significant differences in the results between patients in group 1 and group 2. A significant positive correlation between IL-33 and HbA1c levels was noticed in G1 and G2 .A significant positive correlation between IL-33 and HOMA-IR was noticed in group 1 while a negative significant correlation was found in group 2. No correlation founded between IL-33 levels and TAC concentration in group 1, but a positive correlation noticed with group 2. A significant negative correlation was observed between IL-33 and MDA/TAS ratio in G1, while a significant positive correlation in G2 was found. Conclusion: high levels of IL-33 in patient groups may be considered as a novel cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Also the elevation in oxidative stress in PCOS patients could be a reason for disturbed follicular development and ultimately infertility

Association Between Cytomegalovirus Infection and Bad Obstetric Outcomes in Women From Kirkuk

The human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the common viral infections worldwide that represent a major causes of congenital infections. To determine the seroprevalence of CMV in women with bad obstetric history and sociodemographic characteristics that may influence the seropositivity, a case control descriptive prospective study was conducted in Kirkuk, Iraq. A 838 women with age range from 14 to 48 were included in the study. Of the total, 547 women were with bad obstetric history(BOH) and 291 women with normal previous pregnancy as control group. All the serum samples collected from the study and control groups were tested for CMV IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA kits. CMV IgM seroprevalence was higher in women with BOH. CMV IgG seroprevalence was with no significant difference between BOH and control. CMV IgG seroprevalence significantly influenced by age, education, smoking, and family size. However, CMV IgM seroprevalence significantly associated with pregnancy, residence, and animal exposure. Odd ratio confirmed the association between CMV IgG and age, crowding index, residence, smoking, and number of abortion in women with BOH. In addition, current CMV infection significantly associated with residence in women with BOH