Picturing \u3ci\u3eRobinson Crusoe\u3c/i\u3e: Edward Gordon Craig, Daniel Defoe and Image-Text Inquiry

Haskell focuses on Craig’s work with art books in this essay. He offers a wealth of visual images to investigate influences upon Craig’s engraved illustrations for an edition of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, a project planned for the Cranach Press, executed during the late 1930s, and published posthumously by the Basilisk Press in 1979. Haskell calls attention to the way that this fascinating edition—previously overshadowed by the Craig-Cranach Press Hamlet in the scholarly literature—adds to our understanding of Craig’s theories of print as performance. He also offers a nuanced reading of the way that Craig’s illustrations function as interpretation, providing a window into Craig’s thinking about Defoe’s masterpiece

The New Gloucester Centennial, September 7, 1874

The New Gloucester Centennial, September 7, 1874 by T.H. Haskell Appendix Lists: Votes of the Town During the Revolution , Roll of Capt. Parsons\u27 Company , Polls and Estates , Aged People etc.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/me_collection/1001/thumbnail.jp

Baudelaire’s “Le Jet d’eau”: Verbal-Visual Inquiry and the Illustrated Book

A single text illustrated by several artists presents a unique opportunity for image-text inquiry. This is indeed the case with the illustrators of Baudelaire’s “Le jet d’eau” from his celebrated Fleurs du mal. As each illustrator renders the text into images that represent a unique “reading” of it, our understanding of the poetic gesture is frequently enriched by the graphic gesture. Novel critical points of view which may generate a substantial rethinking of the aesthetic contours of the textual entity thus come into focus. The traditional function of illustration as shedding light onto the word, or of actually extending its meaning to transcend habitual mimetic approaches, evolves with the advent of Modernity as modes of representation espouse fresh contours. “Le jet d’eau” has had a prolific career in the twentieth-century livre d’artiste. Offering a rich terrain of interpretative possibilities, this poem has enticed an array of artists to picture it often unexpected ways. Our point of departure will consider both poetic and graphic universes as écritures whose intersections propose uncommon thresholds beyond which are poised new ideas. This notion is central to our concerns. Similarly, the dynamics of IMAGinING ideas, the interfacing of verbal and visual planes, and the move from representation to abstraction are germane to this investigation. Thus, this discussion of how twentieth-century artists have represented this nineteenth-century text will at once re-frame and re-figure the intrinsic value of illustration as interpretation.L’illustration d’un seul texte par plusieurs artistes présente une occasion remarquable d’étudier les rapports texte/image. C’est ce que nous offre l’étude des illustrateurs du poème de Baudelaire, « Le jet d’eau », extrait des Fleurs du mal. Chaque illustrateur apporte sa « lecture » particulière du poème, et notre compréhension de l’œuvre s’en trouve modifiée. Des éléments critiques nouveaux nous apparaissent et nous conduisent à repenser les contours esthétiques du document. La fonction traditionnelle de l’illustration qui consiste à éclairer le texte, ou à en élargir la portée pour aller au-delà des approches mimétiques, a évolué avec l’avènement de la Modernité. « Le jet d’eau » a inspiré de nombreux livres d’artistes. En raison de ses multiples niveaux d’interprétation, le poème a suscité des illustrations très variées et parfois inattendues. Nous postulerons que les univers poétique et graphique sont chacun des écritures à l’intersection desquelles de nouvelles idées peuvent prendre leur essor. C’est ce qui nous semble central. De même, la manière d’IMAGinER les idées, les ponts entre le visuel et le verbal, et le passage de la représentation à l’abstraction accompagnent notre étude. Ainsi, la façon dont les artistes du vingtième siècle ont représenté le poète du dix-neuvième siècle nous permet de re-cadrer et re-figurer la valeur intrinsèque de l’illustration comme représentation

Gravitational wave emission from a magnetically deformed non-barotropic neutron star

A strong candidate for a source of gravitational waves is a highly magnetised, rapidly rotating neutron star (magnetar) deformed by internal magnetic stresses. We calculate the mass quadrupole moment by perturbing a zeroth-order hydrostatic equilibrium by an axisymmetric magnetic field with a \emph{linked poloidal-toroidal structure}. In this work, we do \emph{not} require the model star to obey a barotropic equation of state (as a realistic neutron star is not barotropic), allowing us to explore the hydromagnetic equilibria with fewer constraints. We derive the relation between the ratio of poloidal-to-total field energy $\Lambda$ and ellipticity $\epsilon$ and briefly compare our results to those obtained using the barotropic assumption. Then, we present some examples of how our results can be applied to astrophysical contexts. First, we show how our formulae, in conjunction with current gravitational wave (non-)detections of the Crab pulsar and the Cassiopeia A central compact object (Cas A CCO), can be used to constrain the strength of the internal toroidal fields of those objects. We find that, for the Crab pulsar (whose canonical equatorial dipole field strength, inferred from spin down, is $4\times 10^8$ T) to emit detectable gravitational radiation, the neutron star must have a strong toroidal field component, with maximum internal toroidal field strength $B_{\mathrm{tm}}=7\times 10^{12}$ T; for gravitational waves to be detected from the Cas A CCO at 300 Hz, $B_{\mathrm{tm}}\sim 10^{13}$ T, whereas detection at 100 Hz would require $B_{\mathrm{tm}}\sim 10^{14}$ T. Using our results, we also show how the gravitational wave signal emitted by a magnetar immediately after its birth (assuming it is born rapidly rotating, with $\Lambda\lesssim 0.2$) makes such a newborn magnetar a stronger candidate for gravitational wave detection than, for example, an SGR giant flare.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, 2 table

Synchrotron x-ray-diffraction study of the structure and growth of Xe films adsorbed on the Ag(111) surface

URL:http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.15464 DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.59.15464Synchrotron x-ray scattering has been used to investigate the structure and growth of perhaps the simplest of all films: xenon physisorbed on the Ag(111) surface. High-resolution x-ray scans of the in-plane structure and lower-resolution scans (specular and nonspecular) of the out-of-plane order were performed. The Xe films were prepared under both quasiequilibrium and kinetic growth conditions, and have fewer structural defects than those investigated previously by others on graphite substrates. Under quasiequilibrium conditions, the bulk Xe-Xe spacing is reached at monolayer completion, and the monolayer and bilayer lattice constants at coexistence are inferred equal to within 0.005 Å, consistent with theoretical calculations. The Xe/vacuum interface profile for a complete monolayer and bilayer grown at quasiequilibrium is found to be sharper than for kinetically grown films. At coverages above two layers, diffraction scans along the Xe(01l) rod for quasiequilibrated films are consistent with the presence of two domains having predominantly an ABC stacking sequence and rotated 60° with respect to each other about the surface normal. Annealing of these films alters neither the population of the two domains nor the fraction of ABA stacking faults. The thickest film grown under quasiequilibrium conditions exceeds 220 Å (resolution limited). Under kinetic growth conditions, x-ray intensity oscillations at the Xe anti-Bragg position of the specular rod are observed as a function of time, indicating nearly layer-by-layer growth. Up to four complete oscillations corresponding to a film of eight layers have been observed before the intensity is damped out; the number of oscillations is found to depend on the substrate temperature, the growth rate, and the quality of the Ag(111) substrate. The specular reflectivity from kinetically grown films at nominal coverages of three and four layers has been analyzed using a Gaussian model which gives a film thickness standard deviation of 0.5 and 1.0 layers, respectively. Diffraction scans along the Xe(01l) rod of these films indicate a larger fraction of ABA stacking faults than found for thicker films. These results demonstrate the difficulty of kinetically growing Xe films thicker than two layers which have an ideal slab geometry.This work was partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation Grant Nos. DMR-8704938, DMR-9011069, and DMR-9314235 and the U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG02-85ER45183 of the MATRIX Participating Research Team

Observations of turbulence beneath sea ice in southern McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

The first turbulence profiler observations beneath land fast sea ice which is directly adjacent to an Antarctic ice shelf are described. The stratification in the 325 m deep water column consisted of a layer of supercooled water in the upper 40 m lying above a quasi-linearly stratified water column with a sharp step in density at mid-depth. Turbulent energy dissipation rates were on average 3×10<sup>−8</sup> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−3</sup> with peak bin-averaged values reaching 4×10<sup>−7</sup> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−3</sup>. The local dissipation rate per unit area was estimated to be 10 m Wm<sup>−2</sup> on average with a peak of 50 m Wm<sup>−2</sup>. These values are consistent with a moderate baroclinic response to the tides. The small-scale turbulent energetics lie on the boundary between isotropy and buoyancy-affected. This will likely influence the formation and aggregation of frazil ice crystals within the supercooled layer. The data suggest that the large crystals observed in McMurdo Sound will transition from initial growth at scales smaller than the Kolmogorov lengthscale to sizes substantially (1–2 orders of magnitude) greater than the Kolmogorov scale. An estimate of the experiment-averaged vertical diffusivity of mass <i>K</i>ρ</sub> yields a coefficient of around 2×10<sup>−4</sup> m<sup>2</sup>s<sup>−1</sup> although this increased by a factor of 2 near the surface. Combining this estimate of <i>K</i>ρ</sub> with available observations of average and maximum currents suggests the layer of supercooled water can persist for a distance of ~250 km from the front of the McMurdo Ice Shelf

An algebraic approach to problems with polynomial Hamiltonians on Euclidean spaces

Explicit expressions are given for the actions and radial matrix elements of basic radial observables on multi-dimensional spaces in a continuous sequence of orthonormal bases for unitary SU(1,1) irreps. Explicit expressions are also given for SO(N)-reduced matrix elements of basic orbital observables. These developments make it possible to determine the matrix elements of polynomial and a other Hamiltonians analytically, to within SO(N) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, and to select an optimal basis for a particular problem such that the expansion of eigenfunctions is most rapidly convergent.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figure