14C-urea breath test in patients undergoing anti-tuberculosis therapy

Aim: Urea breath test (UBT) is a non-invasive diagnostic test for detecting the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori). In this study we evaluated the effect of anti-tuberculosis therapy on the results of 14C-UBT. Methods: Patients, with the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) who had a positive UBT at the point of starting anti-TB therapy, were included. None had a history of peptic ulcer disease or had taken antibiotics, bismuth compounds and/or PPI in the previous month. 14C-UBT was repeated at the end of the second month and the end of treatment period and one month after completion of treatment course. Results: Thirty-five patients (23 males) were enrolled. 14C-UBT was negative in all 35 patients (100) at the end of the second month and remained negative in 30 cases (85.7) at the end of the treatment course. One month after completion of treatment course, UBT remained negative in 13 patients (37.1). Conclusion: Our report underscores the need for caution while interpreting urea breath test results in patients undergoing anti-TB therapy. Furthermore, the combination of drugs used in this study resulted in H pylori eradication in a minority of patients. © 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Upaya membentuk keluarga sakinah”(persepsi terhadap 4 pasangan suami - istri difabel di kota Palangka Raya)

Menurut fitrahnya, manusia dilengkapi Allah dengan kecenderungan seks (libido seksualitas). Oleh karena itu, Allah menyediakan wadah yang legal untuk terselenggaranya penyaluran tersebut yang sesuai dengan derajat kemanusiaan, yaitu melalui sebuah akad pernikahan. Tidak terkecuali yang memiliki kecacatan fisik (difabel). Penelitian ini memiliki tiga rumusan masalah yaitu: (1) Bagaimana Pasangan Suami-Istri cacat fisik (difabel) dalam Memahami Konsep Keluarga Sakinah?, (2) Bagaimana Pasangan Suami-Istri cacat fisik (difabel) di kota Palangka Raya dalam membentuk Keluarga Sakinah?, dan (3) Bagaimana Kepemimpinan seorang Suami cacat fisik (difabel) dalam Keluarga?. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Untuk Mendeskripsikan Pasangan Suami-Istri cacat fisik (difabel) dalam Memahami Konsep Keluarga Sakinah, (2) Untuk Mendeskripsikan Pasangan Suami-Istri cacat fisik (difabel) di kota Palangka Raya dalam membentuk Keluarga Sakinah, (3) Untuk Mendeskripsikan Kepemimpinan seorang Suami cacat fisik (difabel) dalam Keluarga. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research), Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, waktu penelitian selama dua bulan yang bertempat di Kota Palangka Raya. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 Pasangan suami-istri cacat fisik (difabel) di kota Palangka Raya. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi dan wawancara, Pengabsahan data adalah untuk menjamin bahwa semua yang diamati dan diteliti adalah sesuai dengan yang sesungguhnya dan memang terjadi, dan Analisis dalam penelitian merupakan bagian yang sangat penting. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) keluarga sakinah ialah keluarga yang damai, tenteram, penuh kasih sayang, saling memahami satu sama lain dan saling mengerti, sehingga lahirlah sebuah konsep keluarga sakinah dengan menciptakan suasana ketenangan dalam membangun sebuah rumah tangga yang saling melengkapi jika terdapat kekurangan baik lahir maupun batin, (2) pasangan suami-istri dalam membentuk keluarga sakinah ialah mengajarkan serta mencontohkan hal-hal dalam kebaikan, baik dalam hal yang berkaitan tentang agama seperti shalat, membaca Al-Qur’an, puasa dan ibadah lainnya, (3) kepemimpinan seorang suami dalam keluarga ialah sebagai pemikul beban rumah tangga atau yang mencari nafkah untuk menghidupkan anak-anak dan istrinya, serta menjadi orang yang menggantikan posisi istrinya jika dalam hal kepengurusan rumah tangga, seorang istri tidak mampu untuk mengerjakan pekerjaan tersebut, serta menjadi Uswatun Hasanah bagi keluarganya. ABSTRACT According to fitrah, human being are fully equipped with sex inclination (libido sexuality). Because that, Allah supplied a legal place to make a distribute that appropriate with humanity degree, which is through a marriage agreement. No exception for they are who has disability. This problem in this study are : 1) How does the disability spouses in Palangka Raya in understanding Sakinah family concept ?, 2) How does the disability spouses in forming Sakinah family?, and 3) How does the leadership of disability husband in the family ? The purpose of this research are ? 1) To describe the disability spouses in understanding sakinah family concept, 2) To describe the disability spouses in Palangka Raya in forming sakinah family, 3) To describe the leadership of disability husband in the family. This research used field research, qualitative descriptive approach and the time in this research was two months in Palangka Raya. The subject of this research was 4 disability spouses in Palangka Raya. The data collection technique used observation and interview, the validity was for guarantee that all observe were appropriate and that’s truly happen and analyze in this research was a really important part. The result of this study shown that : 1) Sakinah family was a peace and quiet family, full with love, undertand each other, then those made a concept of sakinah family by make peaceful condition in the family that complete each other if there was a lack in external and internal, 2) the spouses in forming sakinah family should be taught and gave a good examples in religion like how to pray, recite Al-Qur’an, fasting and other kind worship, 3) The leadership of a husband in the family as the holder of family load or earn the life to make his wife and children keeping alive also could be replaced the position of his wife in arrangement the family which the wife could not complish that work and become Uswatun Hasanah for his family

Prevalence of Methicillin and Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in nasopharynx; Amir-Alam hospital, 2005

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections with high morbidity and mortality rate. Traditionally, methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus has been considered a major nosocomial pathogen in healthcare facilities, but in the past decade, it has been observed emerging in the community as well. Informations regarding hospital microbial colonization could be an important step for prevention of nosocomial infections. Our objective was clarifying the prevalence of methicillin resistant and vancomycin resistant staphylococcus aureus colonization in nasopharynx. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried on 106 patients and nursing staff of surgery and hemodialysis wards in Amir-Alam hospital from April 2005 to July 2005. The samples were collected from nasal region of cases using cotton swab by two experienced technician and were sent to laboratory for culture and antibiogram. Results: Twenty six (29.5%) out of 106 cases were nasopharyngeal carriers of staphylococcus aureus. Eight cases (7.5%) had methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. The most frequent colonization rate was seen in hemodialysis nursing staff and in all of them methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus was reported. Carrier rates in hemodialysis patients were twice compared to surgery ward patients. The interesting point was that no sample of vancomycin resistant staphylococcus aureus was isolated. Conclusion: Prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus colonization seems to be increased; therefore proper management for controlling this problem is mandatory. The results of the present study suggest that the prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus infections is higher than was expected in Iran and vigorous preventive strategies should therefore be taken to stop the growth of this major health problem

Mortality rate of infectious disease in relation to holidays: three year study in Imam Khomeini Hospital

Background: Infectious diseases are usually treatable; however, infectious disease is one of the most common causes of mortality in hospitals. Furthermore, an apparent functional stagnation around the weekends in hospitals can increase the mortality rate. The goal of this study is to describe the causes and predisposing factors of mortality and to evaluate the role of holidays on patient mortality in infectious disease wards.Methods: In this retrospective descriptive-analytic study, we examined the files of patients who had expired while hospitalized in the infectious disease ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital from 2002 to 2004. All of the information was gathered from patient files and the mortality committee of Imam Khomeini Hospital. Patient mortality rates were determined for each year. Mortality rates for the various days of the week were estimated and compared for 2004. Results: The total number of patients included in this study was 3979. Of these, 216 cases had expired, 143 of whom were male (66%). The common causes of mortality were sepsis (26%) bacterial pneumonia (22%) and tuberculosis (19%). The mortality rates were 5.08%, 5.31% and 5.84% in 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. In 2004, mortality rates were 9.21%, 10.21% and 4.56% for holidays, pre-holidays and other days of week, respectively. A significantly higher rate of mortality was observed for holidays and pre-holidays compared to the other days of week. (P value <0.05).Conclusions: Fortunately, the mortality rate of 5.43% in this infectious disease ward was not high. Since sepsis, bacterial pneumonia and tuberculosis were the most common causes of mortality, extra care of patients with these diseases is necessary. As a result of the findings of this study, we recommend increasing expert hospital staff and improving the quality of diagnostic and treatment services during holidays and pre-holidays.&nbsp

Intralipid efficacy in decreasing Amphotericin B associated nephrotoxicity

Background: Amphotericin B Deoxycholate (ABD) has been the best therapeutic agent for treatment of most systemic fungal infections. However, untoward adverse effects like nephrotoxicity may limit its appropriate therapeutic use. We studied administration of fat emulsion early after infusion of ABD to evaluate its effects on ABD-associated nephrotoxicity.Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. Patients with fungal infections admitted in Amir-Alam and Imam-Khomeini University Hospitals, Tehran, Iran, entered the study during 1390- 1391. The patients were randomized to intervention and control groups. In both groups, patients received 1mg/kg/day ABD in dextrose 5%. In intervention arm, the patients additionally received intralipid 10% daily that was started as soon as possible within one hour after infusion of ABD. ABD-associated nephrotoxicity (a minimum 50% increase in baseline serum creatinine to a minimum of 2mg/dl), daily serum creatinine changes during first two weeks of treatment and some other relevant indices of renal function were compared between groups. ABD-related hypokalemia was also compared as an additional target. Results: Thirty one patients entered the study. ABD-associated nephrotoxicity and values of other relevant indices of renal function were not different between intervention and control groups (P>0.05). Daily changes in serum creatinine level within first two weeks of treatment in both groups were not also statistically different (P=0.62). Furthermore, ABD-related hypokalemia was not significantly different between groups (P=0.47).Conclusion: Administration of intralipid 10% early after infusion of ABD in dextrose 5% does not have any effect in decreasing ABD-associated nephrotoxicity. Moreover, it does not have any significant effect on ABD-related hypokalemia

DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SATELLITE SEPARATION USING RETRO ROCKET FOR INJECTION WITH INITIAL ROTATION IN ORBIT

This paper presents the new method for separation of payload from launch vehicle. In this method, in addition to helical compression spring mechanism used in usual separation systems, two retro rockets mounted symmetrically on the second stage were used. To protect on-going stage from disturbance, the retro rocket performance was initiated a few millisecond after payload separation. Linear and rotational equations were solved using MATLAB and the numerical analysis was done by ADAMS. The comparison among analytic, numeric and test results showed that this method could be used as an appropriate tool for payload separating from spent body

"Oral Penbactam in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis: a randomized clinical trial"

Background: Acute bacterial sinusitis is one of the most common causes for antibacterial treatment. Oral Penbactam (ampicillin- sulbactum or Sultamicillin) is a broad spectrum antibiotic and it has no significant side effect. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Iran in which, oral Penbactam has been prescribed for patients with acute bacterial sinusitis. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed on 44 outpatients diagnosed with acute bacterial sinusitis in Amir- Aalam Hospital from March 2003-2004 to August 2004. Patients were randomized in 2 group: 23 to oral Penbactam (375 mg twice daily), and 21 to oral Co-amoxicolav (625 mg three times daily). Duration of treatment was 10 days for both groups. Results: Both groups showed a significant clinical improvement after 10 days of treatment. In the Penbactam group, 19 of 23 (86.36%) and in the Co-amoxicolav group ,18 of 21 (85.71%) showed clinical improvement. In the Penbactam group, one patient (4.3 %) developed diarrhea and the medication was discontinued. Conclusion: Oral Penbactam is an effective and safe antibiotic in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis and could be used as an alternative medication for acute bacterial sinusitis