69 research outputs found
Reconnection of Colliding Cosmic Strings
For vortex strings in the Abelian Higgs model and D-strings in superstring
theory, both of which can be regarded as cosmic strings, we give analytical
study of reconnection (recombination, inter-commutation) when they collide, by
using effective field theories on the strings. First, for the vortex strings,
via a string sigma model, we verify analytically that the reconnection is
classically inevitable for small collision velocity and small relative angle.
Evolution of the shape of the reconnected strings provides an upper bound on
the collision velocity in order for the reconnection to occur. These analytical
results are in agreement with previous numerical results. On the other hand,
reconnection of the D-strings is not classical but probabilistic. We show that
a quantum calculation of the reconnection probability using a D-string action
reproduces the nonperturbative nature of the worldsheet results by Jackson,
Jones and Polchinski. The difference on the reconnection -- classically
inevitable for the vortex strings while quantum mechanical for the D-strings --
is suggested to originate from the difference between the effective field
theories on the strings.Comment: 29 pages, 14 eps figures, JHEP style; references added, typos
correcte
Strings between branes
D-brane configurations containing fundamental strings are constructed as
classical solutions of Yang-Mills theory. The fundamental strings in these
systems stretch between D-branes. In the case of D1-branes, this construction
gives smooth (classical) resolutions of string junctions and string networks.
Using a non-abelian Yang-Mills analysis of the string current, the string
charge density is computed and is shown to have support in the region between
the D-brane world-volumes. The 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole is analyzed using
similar methods, and is shown to contain D-strings whose flux has support off
the D-brane world-volume defined by the Higgs scalar field, when this field is
interpreted in terms of a transverse dimension. The constructions presented
here are used to give a qualitative picture of tachyon condensation in the
Yang-Mills limit, where fundamental strings and lower-dimensional D-branes
arise in a volume of space-time where brane-antibrane annihilation has
occurred.Comment: 35 pages, 16 eps figures, JHEP style; v2: a comment adde
Realization of Brane Descent Relations in Effective Theories
We examine Sen's descent relations among (non-)BPS D-branes by using low
energy effective field theories of DpDpbar system. We find that the fluctuation
around the kink solution reproduces the low energy matter content on a non-BPS
D(p-1)-brane. The effective action for these fluctuation modes turns out to be
a generalization of Minahan-Zwiebach model. In addition, it is shown that the
fluctuations around the vortex solution consist of massless fields on a BPS
D(p-2)-brane and they are subject to Dirac-Born-Infeld action. We find the
universality that the above results do not refer to particular forms of the
effective action.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX, 1 eps figure; v2:minor correction
Recombination of Intersecting D-branes by Local Tachyon Condensation
We provide a simple low energy description of recombination of intersecting
D-branes using super Yang-Mills theory. The recombination is realized by
condensation of an off-diagonal tachyonic fluctuation localized at the
intersecting point. The recombination process is equivalent to brane-antibrane
annihilation, thus our result confirms Sen's conjecture on tachyon
condensation, although we work in the super Yang-Mills theory whose energy
scale is much lower than alpha'. We also discuss the decay width of
non-parallelly separated D-branes.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figures, JHEP style. references added, minor correction
Higher Dimensional Recombination of Intersecting D-branes
We study recombinations of D-brane systems intersecting at more than one
angle using super Yang-Mills theory. We find the condensation of an
off-diagonal tachyon mode relates to the recombination, as was clarified for
branes at one angle in hep-th/0303204. For branes at two angles, after the
tachyon mode between two D2-branes condensed, D2-brane charge is distributed in
the bulk near the intersection point. We also find that, when two intersection
angles are equal, the off-diagonal lowest mode is massless, and a new stable
non-abelian configuration, which is supersymmetric up to a quadratic order in
the fluctuations, is obtained by the deformation by this mode.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, JHEP style. v3:references added, minor
corrections, English improve
Time Evolution via S-branes
Using S(pacelike)-branes defined through rolling tachyon solutions, we show
how the dynamical formation of D(irichlet)-branes and strings in tachyon
condensation can be understood. Specifically we present solutions of S-brane
actions illustrating the classical confinement of electric and magnetic flux
into fundamental strings and D-branes. The role of S-branes in string theory is
further clarified and their RR charges are discussed. In addition, by examining
``boosted'' S-branes, we find what appears to be a surprising dual S-brane
description of strings and D-branes, which also indicates that the critical
electric field can be considered as a self-dual point in string theory. We also
introduce new tachyonic S-branes as Euclidean counterparts to non-BPS branes.Comment: 62 pages, 10 figures. v2 references adde
Condensation of Tubular D2-branes in Magnetic Field Background
It is known that in the Minkowski vacuum a bunch of IIA superstrings with
D0-branes can be blown-up to a supersymmetric tubular D2-brane, which is
supported against collapse by the angular momentum generated by crossed
electric and magnetic Born-Infeld (BI) fields. In this paper we show how the
multiple, smaller tubes with relative angular momentum could condense to a
single, larger tube to stabilize the system. Such a phenomena could also be
shown in the systems under the Melvin magnetic tube or uniform magnetic field
background. However, depending on the magnitude of field strength, a tube in
the uniform magnetic field background may split into multiple, smaller tubes
with relative angular momentum to stabilize the system.Comment: Latex 10 pages, mention the dynamical joining of the tubes, modify
figure
Induced Gravity on Intersecting Branes
We establish Einstein-Hilbert gravity couplings in the effective action for
Intersecting Brane Worlds. The four-dimensional induced Planck mass is
determined by calculating graviton scattering amplitudes at one-loop in the
string perturbation expansion. We derive a general formula linking the induced
Planck mass for N=1 supersymmetric backgrounds directly to the string partition
function. We carry out the computation explicitly for simple examples,
obtaining analytic expressions.Comment: references added, minor changes to discussion of path integral
normalization on page
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