8,130 research outputs found
Worker Participation in Management Decision Making
Draft Presented to International Evidence: Worker-Management Institutions and Economic Performance Conference, U.S. Commission on the Future of Worker-Management Relations Suggested Citation Shimada, H. (1994).Paper_Shimada_020694.pdf: 10729 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020
Focus and intonation in japanese : does focus trigger pitch reset?
This paper discusses how focus change s prosodic structure in Tokyo Japanese. It is generally believed that focus blocks the intonational process of downstep and causes a pitch reset. This paper presents experimental evidence against this traditional view by looking at the prosodic behavior of Wh words, which receive focus lexically in Japanese as in other languages. It is demonstrated, specifically, that the focused Wh element does not block downstep although it receives a much higher pitch than its preceding element. This suggests that presence of lexical focus does not trigger pitch reset in Japanese
Towards Practical Typechecking for Macro Tree Transducers
Macro tree transducers (mtt) are an important model that both covers many
useful XML transformations and allows decidable exact typechecking. This paper
reports our first step toward an implementation of mtt typechecker that has a
practical efficiency. Our approach is to represent an input type obtained from
a backward inference as an alternating tree automaton, in a style similar to
Tozawa's XSLT0 typechecking. In this approach, typechecking reduces to checking
emptiness of an alternating tree automaton. We propose several optimizations
(Cartesian factorization, state partitioning) on the backward inference process
in order to produce much smaller alternating tree automata than the naive
algorithm, and we present our efficient algorithm for checking emptiness of
alternating tree automata, where we exploit the explicit representation of
alternation for local optimizations. Our preliminary experiments confirm that
our algorithm has a practical performance that can typecheck simple
transformations with respect to the full XHTML in a reasonable time
Time evolution of broadband non-thermal emission from supernova remnants in different circumstellar environments
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are thought to be one of the major acceleration
sites of galactic cosmic rays (CRs) and an important class of objects for
high-energy astrophysics. SNRs produce multi-wavelength, non-thermal emission
via accelerated particles at collisionless shocks generated by the interactions
between the SN ejecta and the circumstellar medium (CSM). Although it is
expected that the rich diversities observed in supernovae (SNe) and their CSM
can result in distinct very-high-energy (VHE) electromagnetic signals in the
SNR phase, there are only a handful of SNRs observed in both GeV and TeV
gamma-rays so far. A systematic understanding of particle acceleration at SNRs
in different ambient environments is therefore limited. Here, we explore
non-thermal emission from SNRs in various circumstellar environments up to 5000
yrs from explosion using hydrodynamical simulations coupled with efficient
particle acceleration. We find that time-evolution of emission characteristics
in the VHE regime is mainly dictated by two factors; the number density of the
target particles and the amplified magnetic field in the shocked medium. We
also predict that Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will have a sufficient
sensitivity to detect VHE gamma-rays from most young SNRs at distances <~ 5.0
kpc. Future SNR observations with CTA will thus be promising for probing the
CSM environment of SNe and hence their progenitor properties, including the
mass loss history of massive stars.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the Ap
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