Optimization by Smoothed Bandpass Calibration in Radio Spectroscopy

We have developed the Smoothed Bandpass Calibration (SBC) method and the best suitable scan pattern to optimize radio spectroscopic observations. Adequate spectral smoothing is applied to the spectrum toward OFF-source blank sky adjacent to a target source direction for the purpose of bandpass correction. Because the smoothing process reduces noise, the integration time for OFF-source scans can be reduced keeping the signal-to-noise ratio. Since the smoothing is not applied to ON-source scans, the spectral resolution for line features is kept. An optimal smoothing window is determined by bandpass flatness evaluated by Spectral Allan Variance (SAV). An efficient scan pattern is designed to the OFF-source scans within the bandpass stability timescale estimated by Time-based Allan Variance (TAV). We have tested the SBC using the digital spectrometer, VESPA, on the VERA Iriki station. For the targeted noise level of 5e-4 as a ratio to the system noise, the optimal smoothing window was 32 - 60 ch in the whole bandwidth of 1024 ch, and the optimal scan pattern was designed as a sequence of 70-s ON + 10-s OFF scan pairs. The noise level with the SBC was reduced by a factor of 1.74 compared with the conventional method. The total telescope time to achieve the goal with the SBC was 400 s, which was 1/3 of 1200 s required by the conventional way. Improvement in telescope time efficiency with the SBC was calculated as 3x, 2x and 1.3x for single-beam, dual-beam, and on-the-fly (OTF) scans, respectively. The SBC works to optimize scan patterns for observations from now, and also works to improve signal-to-noise ratios of archival data if ON- and OFF-source spectra are individually recorded, though the efficiency depends on the spectral stability of the receiving system.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, to appear in the Publications of Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol.64, No.

What Impact does Physical Education have on Classroom Management?: Focus on a case of a novice teacher in a primary school

This article aims to address the relationship between physical education and classroom managemen of a novice teacher in a primary school. In conclusion, the things of this case study were as follows: (1) As a feature of the novice teacher A, the scores in "Attitude" dimension of physical education class evaluation was high, then learning discipline was retained. However, the scores in "Human Relationship" dimension of class consciousness showed low value, and it turned out that the novice teacher A was suffering from constructing good human relations within the class. (2) From the result of correlation between physical education class evaluation and classroom manegement, there was no strong relationship between physical education and classroom management of the novice teacher A. As a factor, from the interview of the novice teacher A, it was suggested that the image of classroom manegement the novice teacher A intended was not clear

Endotoxemia by Porphyromonas gingivalis Injection Aggravates Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Disrupts Glucose/Lipid Metabolism, and Alters Gut Microbiota in Mice

Many risk factors related to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been proposed, including the most well-known of diabetes and obesity as well as periodontitis. As periodontal pathogenic bacteria produce endotoxins, periodontal treatment can result in endotoxemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous, sonicated Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) injection on glucose/lipid metabolism, liver steatosis, and gut microbiota in mice. Endotoxemia was induced in C57BL/6J mice (8 weeks old) by intravenous injection of sonicated Pg; Pg was deactivated but its endotoxin remained. The mice were fed a high-fat diet and administered sonicated Pg (HFPg) or saline (HFco) injections for 12 weeks. Liver steatosis, glucose metabolism, and gene expression in the liver were evaluated. 16S rRNA gene sequencing with metagenome prediction was performed on the gut microbiota. Compared to HFco mice, HFPg mice exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance along with increased liver steatosis. Liver microarray analysis demonstrated that 1278 genes were differentially expressed between HFco and HFPg mice. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that fatty acid metabolism, hypoxia, and TNFα signaling via NFκB gene sets were enriched in HFPg mice. Although sonicated Pg did not directly reach the gut, it changed the gut microbiota and decreased bacterial diversity in HFPg mice. Metagenome prediction in the gut microbiota showed enriched citrate cycle and carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes. Overall, intravenous injection of sonicated Pg caused impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis in mice fed high-fat diets. Thus, blood infusion of Pg contributes to NAFLD and alters the gut microbiota

Short lingual osteotomy without fixation: a new strategy for mandibular osteotomy known as “physiological positioning”

We describe the strategy of physiological positioning, which we regard as a new alternative treatment to conventional orthognathic operations, and treated 18 patients with skeletal mandibular prognathism using it. The positions of SNB, FMA, and Me were measured postoperatively to assess skeletal stability, changes in the angle and perpendicular length of the upper and lower central incisors were measured to assess dental stability, and we confirmed that both skeletal and dental stability were excellent. The width to which the jaw could be opened recovered early, and we saw only one case of disorder of the temporomandibular joint. Short lingual osteotomy with physiological positioning is an effective new approach to the treatment of deformities of the mandible

環境配慮型生活における生活質感評価法の研究Ｉ : 生活モデル模索への覚書

The present thesis reports of the activities of a Team project“ Assessment Project for Criteria for Human Life Quality”， established by several members of the Department of Life Environmental Sciences. Preliminary research was mainly conducted in areas of consumer products use， housing facilities， as well as the cultivation of public opinion and attitudes towards low energy life. The high accumulation of systems and functions， the rational and rigid differentiations of tasks and areas， typical of city life， aggravate the alienation of the individual and accelerate the consumption rate of material and energy resource. Further research is necessary， therefore， to relocate the areas in which the needs for privacy and property can be reformulated to embrace a more organic and cyclic concept of life