Substitusi Konsentrat Dengan Silase Campuran Hijauan Ketela Pohon (Manihot Esculenta, Crantz) Dan Glirisidia (Gliricidia Sepium, Jacq.) Dalam Pakan Terhadap Penampilan Domba Ekor Gemuk

The aim of this research was to study the effects of concentrates subtitution with cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) and gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium,Jacq) mixtures silage on feed consumption, digestibility, N retention and average daily gain of fat tailed sheep. Twenty male fat tailed sheep of approximately 18 months, with body weights of 23,85±4.75 kg were alloted randomly into a Randomized Block Designs with five treatments and four blocks. They were kept in the wooden metabolizable cages. The diets were consisted of corn leaf (CL), concentrates (C) containing 22,85% crude protein (CP) and cassava leaf-gliricidia mixtures silage (S). The ratio of S : C was 60 : 40% on dry matter (DM) basis. Five dietary treatments were : R0 = CL 60% and C 40% (C 100% and S 0%); R25 = CL 60% and C 40% (C75% and S 25%); R50 = CL 60% and C 40% (C 50% and S 50%); R75 =Cl 60% and C 40% (C 25% and S 75%); R100 = CL 60% and C 40% (C 0% and S 100%). The diet was offered at 3% of body weight on the DM basis. The variables measured were DM intake, organic matter (OM) intake (OM intake), CP intake, DM digestibility, OM digestibility, CP digestibility, DM digestibility intake, OM digestibility intake, CP digestibility intake, N retention and average daily gain (ADG). The results showed that the treatments had no significant differences (P>0.05) on CP intake, but had significant differences (P<0.05) on DM intake, OM intake, N retention and had highly significant differences (P<0.01) on DM digestibility, OM digestibility, CP digestibility, DM digestibility intake, OM digestibility intake, CP digestibility intake, and ADG. The effects of concentrates substition with silage mixtures till 100% could decrease feed intake, digestibility, N retention and ADG. However, concentrate subtitution with 25% of cassava leaf–gliricidia silage mixtures in the diet showed the same ADG (165.24 g/head/day) with 100% concentrates (168.9 g/head/day). (JIIPB 2010 Vol 20 No 1: 22-30)

Penggunaan Silase Pakan Lengkap Berbasis Batang Tebu Terhadap Konsumsi, Retensi N, Estimasi Síntesis Protein Mikroba Rumen Dan Performans Sapi PFH Jantan

The main objective of the research was to know the effect of silage complete feed based on sugarcane stalk to N retention, estimated microbial protein synthesis and performance of PFH steer and to find out an ideal proportion of sugarcane stalk on silage complete feed which gave the best performance of steer in economically prices. Nine of male PFH steer age 10 – 11 months were used in randomized block design (3x3) with initial body weight as covariance on total collection method. The treatment were the proportion of sugarcane stalk and concentrate on silage complete feed which made iso N/CP on 13% crude protein (SPL1 : sugarcane stalk : concentrate = 60 : 40, added with urea 1.23 % ; SPL2 : sugarcane stalk : concentrate = 50 : 50, added with urea 0.62 %; and SPL3 : sugarcane stalk : concentrate = 40 : 60, without urea). Parameters of the research were intake, N retention, estimated microbial protein synthesis and daily weight gain. The result showed that SPL1, SPL2, SPL3 have not significant effect (P>0.05) to intake, N retention, estimated microbial protein synthesis and daily weight gain but have significant effect (P<0.05) to organic matter digestibility (OMD), and crude protein digestibility (CPD). Overall, SPL3 tends give a better effect than the other feed treatment. SPL1 was an ideal treatment for PFH steer because more economically from the price and gave performance quite similar with other treatment. Economically value of SPL1 would be higher when the price of sugarcane was less than Rp. 200.00/kg. It could be suggested to consider the particle size of SPL, ensilage process and storage method for the best result of SPL

The Effect of Protecting Lysine and Methionine with Condensed Tannin Added Into Total Mixed Ration on Efficiency of Microbial Protein Synthesis by Using an in Vitro Gas Production Approach

An in vitro study investigating the effects of adding CT-protected Lysine (Lys) and Methionine (Met) on gas production and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (EMPS) of total mixed ration (TMR) was conducted at Animal Nutrition Laboratory.  TMR were composed of concentrate and maize stover at 50:50 ratios in DM basis. The experiment used 4x4 factorial randomized design and 3 replications. The first factor  was level of Lys and Met (3 g Lys- 1 g Met; 5 g Lys- 1.67 g Met; 7 g Lys- 2.33 g Met; 9 g Lys- 3 g Met) and  the second factor  was level or percentage of  CT  (0%, 6%, 8% and 10%) of Lys and Met. Parameters measured were cumulative gas production recorded at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 h, DMD and OMD of residues, concentrations of NH3 and VFAs, and EMPS. The results showed that there was interaction effect between levels of Lys-Met and CT on cumulative gas production and b value, with treatment A1B3 (3g Lys + 1g Met) + 8% CT) being the lowest (106.2 ml 121.9 ml) and A4B1 (9g Lys + 3g Met) being the highest (121.9 ml and 136.8 ml). Increasing level of  Lys-Met alone significantly increased cumulative gas production, DMD, and ammonia-N, but did not increase c value, OMD , concentrations of acetic, propionic and butyric acids, total VFA, ratio of C2/C3, and EMPS. Increasing level of CT reduced cumulative gas production; b value, ammonia-N, C2, C3, C4, and total VFA, with 0% CT and 10% CT being associated with the highest and the lowest value of those parameters. The highest value of EMPS was found on treatment A1B4 (3g Lys + 1g Met+10% CT; 50.3 g N/kg DOM). It can be concluded that CT is able to protect Lys-Met from being fermented in the rumen, hence improving EMPS value. Keywords: lysine, methionine, CT, in vitro gas productio

Effect of White Kabesak (Acacia Leucophloea Roxb) Leaves Level in the Diet on Feed Intake and Body Weight Gain of Kacang Goat

This study was conducted to analysis the effect of levels of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb.) Willd. leaves in the diet on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain of Kacang goats. The completely randomized block design using 5 treatments and 5 replications was used in this experiment. The treatments were 5 concentrate feeds containing different levels of white kabesak leaves i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% in the dry matter (DM) basis (representing T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatments, respectively). The feeds were set up to contain 11.5-12.5% of crude protein (CP). Concentrate feed and native grass was fed at ratio of 60 : 40 was fed to 5 local male goats (age 1-1.5 years old and initial weight of 16.7±5.0 kg). The results showed that DM, organic matter (OM), and CP intake of T0 was not significantly different from those of T1 goats, but it was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of T2, T3 and T4. The DM, OM, CP, and crude fiber (CF) digestibility as well as body weight gain in T2 goats were significantly higher (P<0.05) and had feed conversion ratio that was significantly better (P<0.05) compared to those of the other feed treatments. In conclusion, the most optimum level of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb.) Willd. leaves used in concentrate feed for goat was 20 %

Potensi Tepung Daun Indigofera sebagai Pengganti Pollard dan Bungkil Kedelai dalam Pakan Lengkap Bentuk Pelet terhadap Performa Kelinci New Zealand White

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi jenis pakan dengan panjang pelet berbeda terhadap sifat fisik pelet dan penampilan produksi kelinci New Zealand White. Penelitian kedua dan ketiga bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun indigofera dalam pakan sebagai pengganti pollard dan bungkil kedelai terhadap kecernaan zat makanan, terhadap sifat fisik pelet dan performa kelinci New Zealand White. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian tahap pertama adalah kelinci New Zealand White umur satu bulan dengan jenis kelamin jantan 72 ekor, tahap kedua menggunakan 40 ekor kelinci umur sekitar 2,5 bulan dengan jenis kelamin jantan dan tahap ketiga menggunakan 60 ekor kelinci jantan umur 1 bulan. Metode yang digunakan pada tahap pertama adalah percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola tersarang dengan 2 perlakuan jenis pakan (pakan basal tanpa indigofera dan pakan basal dengan menggunakan tepung daun indigofera 20% (I), masing-masing jenis pakan terdiri dari 3 ukuran pelet, yakni short, medium dan long (S, M dan L). Penelitian tahap kedua menggunakan metode percobaan dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 8 ulangan dan tahap ketiga menggunakan 5 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Hasil penelitian tahap I menunjukkan bahwa jenis pakan dan panjang pelet berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap durabilitas dan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap densitas pellet, jenis pakan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap PBB, konversi pakan dan IOFC, namun berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan. Hasil penelitian tahap II menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap KcBK, KcSK,KcLK dan berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap KcBO, KcPK dan KcLK. Hasil penelitian tahap III perlakuan menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak nyata terhadap (P>0,05) sifat fisik pelet, dan persentase karkas, namun berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap konsumsi pakan, PBB, konversi pakan dan IOFC serta kecernaan zat makanan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penggunaan indigofera hingga level 30% dengan panjang pelet medium (1,2 cm) memberikan hasil terbaik berdasarkan sifat fisik pelet dan performa kelinci

Understanding and Selecting Sharia or Conventional Financing Among Small Entrepreneurs, in Pasuruan Regency Devout of Islamic Culture (Phenomenology Studies)

Purpose: Knowing the understanding and interest of small-scale business actors about Islamic finance in Pasuruan Regency, which is culturally devout Design/Methodology/Approach: Phenomenology method is used to find the meaning andnatureoftheexperienceofsmallentrepreneurswhenusingIslamicorconventional financing, as well as how the small entrepreneur responds to Islamic financing. Findings: The results of this study indicate that the Satrya Emas program has not been understood by most informants and has notyet specifically synergized with Islamic financial institutions.Most of the informants did not understand various sharia financing contracts and products,in addition,they did not own the right understanding on whether or not bank interest is halal and haram due to their lack of knowledge and information. Financial institutions were chosen because some informants believed the Al-Quran and Hadist laterally. Other reasons are understanding that bank interest is halal paid, haram when consumed. Moreover, there was a facility of jemput bola, meaning that banks initiate to approach clients to provide loan, and also the ease, flexibility and kinship in dealing with bad debt. It is not a priority for most informants to utilize sharia or conventional financing. Almost all informants did not own good and correct financial records, so they assessed the progress of their business in accordance with their respective perceptions. Special supports from the PasuruanRegency government are required, and the collaboration of various parties, among government, religious leaders, educational institutions, Islamic financial institutions, and non-governmental organizations. Thus, theyall jointly synergize to promote sharia financing in the area of Pasuruan Regency Originality/value:This research collaborates the study of the experiences of small-scale entre preneurs as subjects,financeinstitutions,religious teachers and the government, so that the results of this study can be are ference for regulators and local governments to make policies capable of accommodating different understanding groups so that Islamic finance is able to ground in areas that have a devout Islamic culture

Management Model for Integrating Character Education Training in School Learning with the Spiral System

The implementation of the integration of character education in learning in schools in general has not shown the results of changes in student behavior as expected. This study aims to obtain a training management model for teachers in integrating character education in subjects with a spiral system. The design of the spiral system training model activities with the stages of planning, implementing and evaluating and reflecting the deepening of the concept. Likewise, repeated in depth like a spiral shape. The scope of this research and development research is teachers in the city of Semarang by sampling 20 teachers of various levels. The focus of research is the ability of teachers to integrate character education in subjects. Data was taken by observation, interviews and questionnaires and processed descriptively. Preliminary observation results obtained from factual models, where the teacher only attaches the character items to the syllabus and the learning design and evaluates the character evaluationaftercompletingthelearningbyfillinginthecharacterlist.Hypotheticmodel is obtained by planning which starts with needs analysis, setting goals, preparing learning tools by integrating each one of the Basic Competencies in learning 3 to 4 times face to face with the integration of focused one character value. Final evaluation is done by observing the implementation of learning that focuses on one character value. In this process reflection is done to improve and deepen the material such as a spiral system. The model test results are an example of a learning device that is valid (score 4.4 of the maximum score of 5), and the feasibility test in terms of the teacher's ability test before and after the training has increased (Gain score 1). Thus, before teaching the concept material, the teacher really needs to integrate one character value from the fc ocus and evaluate and reflect. &nbsp; &nbsp; Keywords: Training model, spiral system, character integratio

Blood profile and daily gain of fat-tailed growing rams receiving tree foliages to substitute other ingredients in the concentrate diets

Abstract : This research was aimed to investigate the blood profile and daily gain of fat-tailed growing rams by substituting dried leaves of Moringa oleifera (MOL