Evaluation of Hematological Parameters in Partial Exchange and Packed Cell Transfusion in Treatment of Severe Anemia in Pregnancy

Objectives. Anemia is a major public health problem throughout the world which assumes prominence in pregnant mothers. Patients with severe anemia continue to present themselves at term or in labor. This study was conducted to compare the improvements in hematological parameters of patients receiving partial exchange blood transfusion and transfusion of packed cells without exchange. Methods. One hundred and twenty-five severely anemic antenatal mothers were admitted from outpatient service. Partial exchange transfusion was given to sixty-six patients while fifty-nine received transfusion of packed cells with frusemide cover. Results. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, height, weight, religion, diet, education, occupation of self and husband, and income. Hemoglobin level in Group 1 was comparatively less than Group 2 at prelevel (5.2 ± 1.5 versus 6.6 ± 2.3, P = 0.001) and postlevel (7.2 ± 1.5 versus 8.6 ± 1.8, P = 0.001), respectively, but there was no significant difference between the two modes of transfusion (2.09 ± 1.6 versus 2.01 ± 1.5, P = 0.78). Conclusion. The study produced an equally significant improvement in hematological parameters in partial exchange and packed cell transfusion. Platelet counts were significantly less in partial exchange as compared with packed cell transfusion

A Rare Case of Disseminated Tuberculosis with Severe Reactive Thrombocytosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in India. Hematological parameters are useful indicators of severity in TB infection. Here, we report a case of a 15-year-old female child who came to us with severe anemia and disseminated TB (pulmonary and abdominal) with severe reactive thrombocytosis. Antitubercular drugs and broad-spectrum antibiotics (for superadded infection) were added and steroid therapy was concurrently started in view of wet type of abdominal TB. Anemia was treated with blood transfusion and hematinics and steroid therapy was gradually tapered off and then withdrawn. Treatment was monitored, and within a duration of 2-3 weeks of treatment, platelet counts showed a falling trend. The child improved clinically and symptomatically. So, she was discharged and was on regular follow-up. We are reporting this case as in this child, there are two contributing factors (anemia and TB) for thrombocytosis. We would also like to stress upon the fact that thrombocytosis can be used as a marker in TB patients, which is already known. None of the cases reported till now have such high platelet count

Analysis of Phenomenon at Quantum Capacitance Limit of SNWFET using FETToy

In The proposed paper several interesting phenomenon that happens at Quantum Conductance Limit (QCL) like transconductance of One Dimensional-Silicon Nano Wire Field Effect Transistor (1D-SNWFET), mobile electron density and injection velocity is studied and simulated using Fettoy simulation tool. The selected gate material in silicon nanowire field effect transistor is SiO2 with K=3.9 and HFO2 with K=20. A coaxial SNWFET is simulated and the results illustrate the essential physics and peculiarities of 1D nanowire FETs, such as the saturation of channel conductance at full degenerate limit and the saturation of transconductance at the quantum capacitance limit and the full degenerate limit

Protecting Scattered Database by Enforcing Data Preservation Using Data Protection Facilitator

In this paper we are incorporating data preservation in scattered database structure i.e. method of preserving data in scattered database structure and having secure access over it. In this paper data preservation is examined and solution is provided on the aforesaid condition. This paper is a summarized concept of documentation, authorization, access control and encryption that are main points to be taken in consideration in data preservation in scattered database structure. We propose a new method for secure access based on service provider comprising security application. This model set out for safe search on server and user relation. In this paper we used heuristic approach for preservation for scattered database system regarding security, as the importance of secure access is increasing in scattered domains on different issues, in this way we enhanced the database security in Scattered database environment

Exploration of Molecular Factors Impairing Superoxide Dismutase Isoforms Activity in Human Senile Cataractous Lenses

PURPOSE. To explore different molecular factors impairing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms in senile cataractous lenses. METHODS. Enzyme activity of SOD isoforms, levels of their corresponding cofactors copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and expression of mRNA transcripts and proteins were determined in the lenses of human subjects with and without cataract. DNA from lens epithelium (LE) and peripheral blood was isolated. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) followed by sequencing was carried out to screen somatic mutations. The impact of intronic insertion/deletion (INDEL) variations on the splicing process and on the resultant transcript was evaluated. Genotyping of IVS4þ42delG polymorphism of SOD1 gene was done by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS. A significant decrease in Cu/Zn-and Mn-SOD activity (P < 0.001) and in Cu/Zn-SOD transcript (P < 0.001) and its protein (P < 0.05) were found in cataractous lenses. No significant change in the level of copper (P ¼ 0.36) and an increase in the level of manganese (P ¼ 0.01) and zinc (P ¼ 0.02) were observed in cataractous lenses. A significant positive correlation between the level of Cu/Zn-SOD activity and the levels of Cu (P ¼ 0.003) and Zn (P ¼ 0.005) was found in the cataractous lenses. DNA sequencing revealed three intronic INDEL variations in exon4 of SOD1 gene. Splice-junction analysis showed the potential of IVS4þ42delG in creating a new cryptic acceptor site. If it is involved in alternate splicing, it could result in generation of SOD1 mRNA transcripts lacking exon4 region. Transcript analysis revealed the presence of complete SOD1 mRNA transcripts. Genotyping revealed the presence of IVS4þ42delG polymorphism in all subjects. CONCLUSIONS. The decrease in the activity of SOD1 isoform in cataractous lenses was associated with the decreased level of mRNA transcripts and their protein expression and was not associated with either modulation in the level of enzyme cofactors or with INDEL variations

Agricultural Advisory Diagnostics Using a Data-Based Approach: Test Case in an Intensively Managed Rural Landscape in the Ganga River Basin, India

Low technology adoption through agricultural extension may be a consequence of providing generic information without sufficient adaptation to local conditions. Data-rich paradigms may be disruptive to extension services and can potentially change farmer-advisor interactions. This study fills a gap in pre-existing, generic advisory programs by suggesting an approach to "diagnose" farm-specific agricultural issues quantitatively first in order to facilitate advisors in developing farm-centric advisories. A user-friendly Farm Agricultural Diagnostics (FAD) tool is developed in Microsoft Excel VBA that uses farmer surveys and soil testing to quantify current agricultural performance, classify farms into different performance categories relative to a localized performance target, and visualize farm performance within a user-friendly interface. The advisory diagnostics approach is tested in Kanpur, representative of an intensively managed rural landscape in the Ganga river basin in India. The developed open-source tool is made available online to generate data-based agricultural advisories. During the field testing in Kanpur, the tool identifies 24% farms as nutrient-limited, 34% farms as water-limited, 27% farms with nutrient and water co-limitations, and the remaining farms as satisfactory compared to the localized performance target. It is recommended to design advisories in terms of water and nutrient recommendations which can fulfill the farm needs identified by the tool. The tool will add data-based value to pre-existing demand based advisory services in agricultural extension programs. The primary users of the tools are academic, governmental and non-governmental agencies working in the agricultural sector, whose rigorous scientific research, soil testing capacity, and direct stakeholder engagement, respectively, can be harnessed to generate more data-based and customized advisories, potentially improving farmer uptake of agricultural advisories.ISSN:2624-937

Efficacy of Salicylic Acid in Response to Plant Stress Tolerance, Growth and Productivity: A Review

Plant stress generated by various climatic and anthropogenic activities has exacerbated the degradation of agricultural systems and productivity throughout the developmental era, and it is currently recognized as the world's most significant and possibly deadly danger impacting crop plant economic output. Nonetheless, phytohormones have been found as a potent tool for minimizing the detrimental effects of stressors in agricultural plants in a sustainable manner. Salicylic acid (SA), one of the most important phytohormones, is required for the regulation of plant growth, development, ripening, and defensive responses. A lot of interest has been generated by SA's defensive mechanism. Major agricultural crops' ability to withstand stress has been said to be much improved. SA utilization is influenced by the amount of SA applied, the application method, and the state of the plants (such as their developmental stage and level of acclimation). In this review, we have focus on the efficacy of SA on mitigating various plant biotic and abiotic stress under adverse environmental conditions and its role on plant growth, development and productivity