67,493 research outputs found
Understanding the UK's poor technological performance
In this Briefing Note, we document and disentangle the trends in UK research and development (R&D) over the period 1981-2000, and compare the UK's performance with that of the USA
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Desmognathus aeneus
Number of Pages: 4Integrative BiologyGeological Science
Product market reforms, labour market institutions and unemployment
We analyze the impact of product market competition on unemployment and wages, and how
this depends on labour market institutions. We use differential changes in regulations across
OECD countries over the 1980s and 1990s to identify the effects of competition. We find that
increased product market competition reduces unemployment, and that it does so more in
countries with labour market institutions that increase worker bargaining power. The theoretical
intuition is that both firms with market power and unions with bargaining power are constrained
in their behaviour by the elasticity of demand in the product market. We also find that the effect
of increased competition on real wages is beneficial to workers, but less so when they have high
bargaining power. Intuitively, real wages increase through a drop in the general price level, but
workers with bargaining power lose out somewhat from a reduction in the rents that they had
previously captured
Background facts and comments on "Supporting growth in innovation: enhancing the R&D tax credit"
An expert system shell for inferring vegetation characteristics: The learning system (tasks C and D)
This report describes the implementation of a learning system that uses a data base of historical cover type reflectance data taken at different solar zenith angles and wavelengths to learn class descriptions of classes of cover types. It has been integrated with the VEG system and requires that the VEG system be loaded to operate. VEG is the NASA VEGetation workbench - an expert system for inferring vegetation characteristics from reflectance data. The learning system provides three basic options. Using option one, the system learns class descriptions of one or more classes. Using option two, the system learns class descriptions of one or more classes and then uses the learned classes to classify an unknown sample. Using option three, the user can test the system's classification performance. The learning system can also be run in an automatic mode. In this mode, options two and three are executed on each sample from an input file. The system was developed using KEE. It is menu driven and contains a sophisticated window and mouse driven interface which guides the user through various computations. Input and output file management and data formatting facilities are also provided
Temperature telemetric transmitter Patent
Temperature telemetric transmitter with frequency determining tank circuit for short range transmissio
Product market reform and innovation in the EU
European Union countries have implemented widespread reforms to productmarkets in order to stimulate competition, innovation and economic growth. We provideempirical evidence that the reforms carried out under the EU Single Market Programme(SMP) were associated with increased product market competition, as measured by areduction in average profitability, and with a subsequent increase in innovation intensityand productivity growth for manufacturing sectors. In our analysis we exploit exogenousvariation in the expected impact of the SMP across countries and industries to identify theeffects of reforms on average profitability, and the effects of profitability on innovationand productivity growth. European Union countries have implemented widespread reforms to productmarkets in order to stimulate competition, innovation and economic growth. We provideempirical evidence that the reforms carried out under the EU Single Market Programme(SMP) were associated with increased product market competition, as measured by areduction in average profitability, and with a subsequent increase in innovation intensityand productivity growth for manufacturing sectors. In our analysis we exploit exogenousvariation in the expected impact of the SMP across countries and industries to identify theeffects of reforms on average profitability, and the effects of profitability on innovationand productivity growth
Self-consistent energy balance simulations of hole dynamics in SiGe/Si THz quantum cascade structures
Analysis of hole transport in cascaded p-Si/SiGe quantum well structures is performed using self-consistent rate equations simulations. The hole subband structure is calculated using the 6Ă6 k·p model, and then used to find carrier relaxation rates due to the alloy disorder, acoustic, and optical phonon scattering, as well as hole-hole scattering. The simulation accounts for the in-plane k-space anisotropy of both the hole subband structure and the scattering rates. Results are presented for prototype THz Si/SiGe quantum cascade structures. © 2004 American Institute of Physic
Three-point bridge calibration with one resistor
Method calibrates transducer bridge curing unbalanced condition and line resistance errors are negligible. Series resistance method can be automated easily and controlled by 2-bit information source which provide 4 states for switches
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