An Aggressive Sphenoid Wing Meningioma Causing Foster Kennedy Syndrome

Foster Kennedy syndrome is a rare neurological condition with ophthalmic significance that can manifest as acute visual loss. It is classically characterised by unilateral optic nerve atrophy and contralateral papilledema resulting from an intracranial neoplasm. Physicians should consider Foster Kennedy syndrome in patients who present with visual loss and who have a history of intracranial neoplasm. In addition to ophthalmologic examination, neuroimaging is essential for the diagnosis of Foster Kennedy syndrome

EVALUATION OF CORPORATE DIGITAL ANNUAL REPORTING

Corporate reporting process has undergone a complete makeover in the recent times. It has affected companies and stakeholders in the most positive way as ever. Emergence of digital annual reporting is also one of the paramount changes that is slowly taking the place of old traditional printed annual reports. Nowadays many companies are using digital annual reporting as an effective medium to distribute its annual reports to the stakeholders. Digital annual reporting use the electronic coupled with internet medium for fast and cost-effective corporate reporting. The benefits are much more than the cost of this new generation method. Hence now many companies understand the significance of digital annual reporting and are trying to embed the medium as an essential part of their reporting practices. But this medium is also not free from defects and shortcomings. In this article a brief evaluation of digital annual reporting is being done to find out the various benefits and limitations of using digital annual reporting by the corporate companies

Sick sinus syndrome associated with topical timolol maleate instillation

A 70-year-old black woman presented with intermittent palpitations and dyspnea was found to be bradycardic with a normal sinus rhythm. She had instilled her topical timolol maleate approximately 30 minutes prior to each of these episodes. Topical timolol was discontinued and the conduction abnormality resolved. She was diagnosed as having intermittent sinus bradycardia with intermittent atrioventricular block, likely induced by topical beta-blocker therapy. Topical timolol maleate is an effective treatment for ocular hypertension, acting by reducing aqueous fluid production. However, it can induce systemic side effects and should be used with caution in patients with, or predisposed to, cardiac or respiratory depression

Leiomyoma cutis: A clinicopathological series of 37 cases

<b>Background:</b> Cutaneous leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors that comprise three distinct types such as piloleimyoma, angioleiomyoma, and genital leiomyoma. <b>Aim:</b> The objective of this study was to report a series of cases seen in last 8 years in a tertiary care hospital in north India and to discuss their clinicopathologic findings. <b>Material and Methods:</b> Paraffin-embedded blocks of cases reported as cutaneous leiomyoma from 1999 to 2007 were retrieved from the Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, and their clinical parameters were noted. Their histopathological features were reviewed on hematoxylin-eosin stained slides. Immunohistochemistry was performed where necessary. <b>Results:</b> Twenty-seven cases of piloleiomyoma, three cases of angioleiomyoma, five breast leiomyomas, and two scrotal leiomyomas were seen in patients ranging from 21 to 65 years of age, with an average of 38.2 years at presentation. There was a male predominance with 26 males and 11 females (M:F = 2.2:1). Solitary lesions (<i>n</i> = 21) were more common than multiple ( <i>n</i> = 16). The trunk and upper limbs were involved most commonly, comprising 23 of 37 (62.2&#x0025;) cases. This was followed by lower limb, face, breast, and scrotum. <b>Conclusion:</b> Cutaneous leiomyomas are rare lesions and form an important clinical differential diagnosis of painful papulonodules. These must be biopsied in order to differentiate them from other spindle cell lesions

A Case of Endogenous Trichosporon Endophthalmitis Treated with Micafungin and Voriconazole

Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis is a rare intraocular infection with potential vision threatening consequences. Our review of the literature revealed only one other case of Trichosporon endophthalmitis. Ocular fungal infections are difficult to eradicate because of the limited availability of systemic and intravitreal therapeutic agents and poor tissue penetration of current antifungals. Along with systemic antifungal agents, vitrectomy and intravitreal amphotericin B have been suggested as optimal treatments for fungal endophthalmitis. Other antifungals such as flucytosine and triazoles have recently received consideration. Although the current antifungal therapy is not highly successful, there remains a significant potential for more successful treatments in the future, based on the current studies. We report a case of endogenous trichosporon endophthalmitis that was successfully treated with micafungin and voriconazole. This combination has not been previously reported as a successful therapy in literature. More targeted research is required to uncover additional efficacious therapies to combat trichosporon

Purification and characterization of novel toxin produced by O1 Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio cholerae WO7 (serogroup O1) isolated from patients with diarrhea produces an extracellular toxin despite the absence of ctx, zot, and ace genes from its genome. The toxin elongates Chinese hamster ovary cells, produces fluid accumulation in ligated rabbit ileal loops, and agglutinates freshly isolated rabbit erythrocytes. Maximal production of this toxin (WO7 toxin) was seen in AKI medium with the pH adjusted to 8.5 at 37° C under shaking conditions. We purified this toxin to homogeneity by sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation, affinity chromatography using a fetuin-Sepharose CL-4B column, and gel filtration chromatography, which increased the specific activity of the toxin by 1.6 × 106-fold. The toxin is heat labile and sensitive to proteases and has a subunit structure consisting of two subunits with molecular masses of about 58 and 40 kDa as estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Agglutination of GM1-coated sheep erythrocytes by toxin suggests that GM1 might be the physiologic receptor for WO7 toxin on the enterocytes. An immunodiffusion test between the antiserum raised against the purified WO7 toxin and the purified toxin gave a well-defined precipitation band. In the immunoblot assay, two bands were observed in the 58- and 40-kDa region. At the same time, antiserum against WO7 toxin failed to show any cross-reactivity with cholera toxin orEscherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LT1) in an immunodiffusion test or immunoblot assay. The enterotoxic activity of WO7 toxin could be inhibited by antiserum against purified WO7 toxin. Our results indicate that WO7 toxin is structurally and functionally distinct from other cholera toxins and that the enterotoxic activities expressed by WO7 toxin appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of disease associated with V. cholerae O1 strains