Basic Laser Science for Tattoo Removal

Tattooing has been an ancient art and practice starting in the Stone Age in approximately 12,000 BCE. They used the skin as it served as a useful canvas. Trend of decorative tattooing has led to an increase in the number of patients requesting tattoo removal. 50% of individuals regret their tattoos. According to Candela Laser Corporation Data in the US, 9-11% of men have tattoos and 50,000-100,000 women are tattooed each year. But still tattoos are not well received by the public.

How to Treat The Complication of Silicone Nasal Injection

using topical silicone, particularly cosmetic products that contain silicone. Bioavailability of silicone in skin tissues and long-term complications of silicone use in cosmetic products must be evaluated for safety reasons. Silicone can penetrate to the skin by injection. Because of economic issues and the rarity of medical grade silicone, various developing countries use industrial silicone, which results in even more complications. Patients with liquid silicone injected to their nose will usually visit a doctor after experiencing complication issues such as granuloma, edema, redness with telangiectasia. Usually the patients want to remove the silicone and treat the complication. Unfortunately, silicone is difficult to be removed completely. Some complications are difficult to treat. To handle this complication issue, the doctor has to create a specific design of nose implant, performed curratage, or remove silicone and granuloma, and then a laser treatment and steroid injection will be performe

Management of Nasal Silicone Granuloma

The use of silicone as filler material has been banned by the FDA. Nevertheless, there are still some risks of using topical silicone, particularly cosmetic products that contain silicone. Bioavailability of silicone in skin tissues and long-term complications of silicone use in cosmetic products must be evaluated for safety reasons. Silicone can penetrate to the skin by injection. Because of economic issues and the rarity of medical grade silicone, various developing countries use industrial silicone, which results in even more complications. Patients with liquid silicone injected to their nose will usually visit a doctor after experiencing complication issues such as granuloma, edema, and redness with telangiectasia. Usually the patients want to remove the silicone and treat the complication. Unfortunately, silicone is difficult to be removed completely. Some complications are difficult to treat. To handle this complication issue, the doctor has to create a specific design of nose implant, perform curettage, or remove silicone and granuloma, and then a laser treatment and steroid injection will be performed

IMMUNOLOGY BEHIND THE GRANULOMA ec FILLER

Silicone injection for cosmetics and surgery is still widely practiced in Indonesia. The result of Indonesian Association of Plastic Surgeons survey start from 2004 to 2007, found 249 cases of silicone complications.1 Epidemiological data in other countries was not clear because silicone injection had been banned. In 1990, more than 100,000 patients in United States had received silicone injection in their face.3 In Indonesia, there had been no research on silicone injection and its complications, although the cases were abundant. The use of silicone injection for cosmetic treatment had been banned by Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetic America (FDA) since 1992.3 Liquid silicone which was injected into the skin can migrate and cause morphological changes and uncontrolled inflammatory response. Liquid silicone in the tissue is persistent, so it will lead to chronic inflammation and granulomas formation, if severe, it could be followed by infection, necrosis, and abscess.2-4 Silicone granuloma is difficult to evacuate and is still able to form new granuloma after the evacuation. Immune response of granuloma is mediated by T cells, Th1 secreted pro inflammatory cytokines and Th2 secreted anti inflammatory cytokines.1

IMMUNOLOGY BEHIND THE GRANULOMA ec FILLER

Silicone injection for cosmetics and surgery is still widely practiced in Indonesia. The result of Indonesian Association of Plastic Surgeons survey start from 2004 to 2007, found 249 cases of silicone complications.1 Epidemiological data in other countries was not clear because silicone injection had been banned. In 1990, more than 100,000 patients in United States had received silicone injection in their face.3 In Indonesia, there had been no research on silicone injection and its complications, although the cases were abundant. The use of silicone injection for cosmetic treatment had been banned by Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetic America (FDA) since 1992.3 Liquid silicone which was injected into the skin can migrate and cause morphological changes and uncontrolled inflammatory response. Liquid silicone in the tissue is persistent, so it will lead to chronic inflammation and granulomas formation, if severe, it could be followed by infection, necrosis, and abscess.2-4 Silicone granuloma is difficult to evacuate and is still able to form new granuloma after the evacuation. Immune response of granuloma is mediated by T cells, Th1 secreted pro inflammatory cytokines and Th2 secreted anti inflammatory cytokine

Centella asiatica in Dermatology

C. asiatica herb is recommended in the treatment of dermatoses and skin lesions such as excoriations, burns, hypertrophic scars or eczema as well as in non-dermatological diseases like gastric ulcers, gastric mucosal lesions (Shinomol and Muralidhara, 2011), anxiety (Wijeweeraa et al., 2006) and for improving cog-nition in neurodegenerative disorders (Subathra et al., 2005). C. asiatica has also been found beneficial in chronic venous insufficiency, mainly by improvement of microcirculation (Chong and Aziz, 2013). C. asiatica extract (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingre-dients, INCI) is used also as an ingredient of cosmetics (Bylka et al., 2013)

Classification of Silicone Foreign Body Reaction: Difficulties and Management

Silicone injection has been used since 40 years ago and at that time, many problems occurred such as migration, inflammation, and granuloma. In 1992, FDA prohibited silicone injection for cosmetic use.1 In addition to injection silicone may be introduced into our body or skin through food intake and cosmetic. Silicone has been widely used in daily cosmetics. Nowadays, due to technology advances, topical drugs can pass through skin barrier and can be penetrated into the skin, which has become a great concern as it may induce granuloma formation. There are relatively very few studies have been done on silicone concentration in normal ski

Tummy Tuck with Local Anesthesia

Tummy tuck is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to create a firmer abdomen. Usually it requires general anesthesia which carry out greater amount of costs and risks. We have performed several attempts to use local anesthesia through modified tumescent for tummy tuck, mastopexy, tight reduction, et cetera for several years. As for tummy tuck, there are two kinds of tumescent concentrate used; high concentrate tumescent and low concentrate tumescent. These two tumescent are used for liposuction, undermining to the rib, cut the excessive skin and suture the muscle. Such procedure will preserve the anesthesia which will last up to around 10 hours. Therefore, the patient can go home within the same day of the surgery without any complication

Combination Therapy for Acne Scarring: Personal Experience & Clinical Suggestion

Introduction: Laser bisa digunakan untuk mengobati akne scar, tetap ibanyak jenis laser yang menimbulkan hiperpigmentasi post inflamasi terutama pada kulit asia atau Fitzpatrick tipe 4-6. Karena itu diperlukan pengetahuan tentang jenis laser apa saja yang baik digunakan pada kulit asia dalam terapi akne scar Methods: beberapa kasus akne scar pada kulit asia , kami coba terapi dengan berbagai macam laser ablative dan non ablative. Kemudian kita bandingkan hasil dan efek sampingnya (laser fraxional CO2 laser, Erbium yag laser, Neddele RF) Result: Laser non ablative lebih cocok pada kulit asia utk terapi akne scar, tetapi hasil lebih minimal. Laser ablative lebih memberikan hasil terapi yang lebih baik tetapi efek samping hiperpigmentasi lebih tinggi Conclusions: Kombinasi laser ablative superfial dan non ablative stimulasi kolagen adalah yang terbaik untuk kulit asia dalam terapi akne scar

CASE REPORT: Male Laser Circumcision using 2940 nm Er:YAG Laser

Male circumcision consists of the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin (or prepuce) from the penis. It is a very common procedure around the world, with a high degree of prevalence variability. Evaluation of the current evidence indicates that the health benefits of male circumcision outweigh the risks. There are many different techniques for performing circumcision. We started using Er:YAG (2940 nm) laser in our clinic because we can achieve shorter downtime and fewer complications. Here we present a case of a 23-year-old male that underwent Er:YAG laser circumcision without any adverse effects