473 research outputs found
Primary Language and Receipt of Recommended Health Care Among Hispanics in the United States
BackgroundDisparities in health care services between Hispanics and whites in the United States are well documented.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine whether language spoken at home identifies Hispanics at risk for not receiving recommended health care services.DesignThe design of the study was cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of households.PatientsThe patients were non-Hispanic white and Hispanic adults participating in the 2003 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.MeasurementsWe compared receipt of ten recommended health care services by ethnicity and primary language adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, health status, and access to care.ResultsThe sample included 12,706 whites and 5,500 Hispanics. In bivariate comparisons, 57.0% of whites received all eligible health care services compared to 53.6% for Hispanics who spoke English at home, 44.9% for Hispanics who did not speak English at home but who were comfortable speaking English, and 35.0% for Hispanics who did not speak English at home and were uncomfortable speaking English (p < .001). In multivariate logistic models, compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics who did not speak English at home were less likely to receive all eligible health care services, whether they were comfortable speaking English (risk ratio [RR] 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-0.97) or not (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.68-0.95).ConclusionsSpeaking a language other than English at home identified Hispanics at risk for not receiving recommended health care services, whether they were comfortable in speaking English or not. Identifying the mechanism for disparities by language usage may lead to interventions to reduce ethnic disparities
Efficiency of immediate postoperative inpatient physical therapy following total knee arthroplasty: an RCT
BACKGROUND: The main goal of physical therapy treatment (PT) in the clinical stage following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to prepare patients for discharge from the hospital as soon as possible after their operation. Although aggressive rehabilitation is believed to be important, evidence of effects of different exercise programmes following TKA is limited. This led to the question whether the intensity of PT (once versus twice daily) following TKA affects short-term recovery, measured as range of motion. METHODS: A randomised controlled trial compared an exercise regimen of two sessions per day with a similar programme administered once daily. Primary outcome measure was ROM. RESULTS: At the time of hospital discharge, there was no difference between the experimental and control groups in range of motion. CONCLUSION: This study shows that in our setting twice daily PT sessions do not produce different results as daily PT sessions. It may be questioned whether multiple daily therapy sessions are needed as an in-hospital PT regimen in OA total knee patients
Domestic Water Demand During Droughts in Temperate Climates: Synthesising Evidence for an Integrated Framework
In the upcoming years, as the population is growing and ageing, as lifestyle changes create the need for more water and as fewer people live in each household, the UK water sector will have to deal with challenges in the provision of adequate water services. Unless critical action is taken, every area in the UK may face a supply-demand gap by the 2080s. Extreme weather events and variations that alter drought and flood frequency add to these pressures. However, little evidence is available about householdersβ response to drought and there are few if any studies incorporating this evidence into models of demand forecasting. The present work lays the groundwork for modelling domestic water demand response under drought conditions in temperate climates. After discussing the current literature on estimating and forecasting domestic water consumption under both βnormalβ and drought conditions, this paper identifies the limited ability of current domestic demand forecasting techniques to include the many different and evolving factors affecting domestic consumption and it stresses the need for the inclusion of inter and intra household factors as well as water use practices in future demand forecasting models
Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π°Π±Π±ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ (Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²)
ΠΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° 75 Ρ., 2 Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρ, 42 ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°.
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π°Π±Π±ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ.
ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Π°Π±Π±ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π°Π±Π±ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π°Π±Π±ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ
Π‘ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ/Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ
ΠΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ: Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.Graduation thesis: 75 pg., 2 chapters, 42 resources.
Subject of research: translation methods of acronyms and reductions in the field of computer technology from German into Russian.
Object of research: Acronyms and reductions in the field of computer technology.
Purpose of research: : to identify the translation methods of acronyms and reductions in the field of computer technology from German into Russian.
Results of research: The features of the translation of acronyms and reductions in the area of computer technology has been revealed.
Degree of implementation /work approbation: two articles were published.
Field of application: Linguistic, theory of translatio
Natural Variation in an ABC Transporter Gene Associated with Seed Size Evolution in Tomato Species
Seed size is a key determinant of evolutionary fitness in plants and is a trait that often undergoes tremendous changes during crop domestication. Seed size is most often quantitatively inherited, and it has been shown that Sw4.1 is one of the most significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying the evolution of seed size in the genus Solanumβespecially in species related to the cultivated tomato. Using a combination of genetic, developmental, molecular, and transgenic techniques, we have pinpointed the cause of the Sw4.1 QTL to a gene encoding an ABC transporter gene. This gene exerts its control on seed size, not through the maternal plant, but rather via gene expression in the developing zygote. Phenotypic effects of allelic variation at Sw4.1 are manifested early in seed development at stages corresponding to the rapid deposition of starch and lipids into the endospermic cells. Through synteny, we have identified the Arabidopsis Sw4.1 ortholog. Mutagenesis has revealed that this ortholog is associated with seed length variation and fatty acid deposition in seeds, raising the possibility that the ABC transporter may modulate seed size variation in other species. Transcription studies show that the ABC transporter gene is expressed not only in seeds, but also in other tissues (leaves and roots) and, thus, may perform functions in parts of the plants other than developing seeds. Cloning and characterization of the Sw4.1 QTL gives new insight into how plants change seed during evolution and may open future opportunities for modulating seed size in crop plants for human purposes
Trial Publication after Registration in ClinicalTrials.Gov: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Joseph Ross and colleagues examine publication rates of clinical trials and find low rates of publication even following registration in Clinicaltrials.gov
Lymphocyte Modulation with FTY720 Improves Hemorrhagic Shock Survival in Swine
The inflammatory response to severe traumatic injury results in significant morbidity and mortality. Lymphocytes have recently been identified as critical mediators of the early innate immune response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Experimental manipulation of lymphocytes following hemorrhagic shock may prevent secondary immunologic injury in surgical and trauma patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the lymphocyte sequestration agent FTY720 as an immunomodulator following experimental hemorrhagic shock in a swine liver injury model. Yorkshire swine were anesthetized and underwent a grade III liver injury with uncontrolled hemorrhage to induce hemorrhagic shock. Experimental groups were treated with a lymphocyte sequestration agent, FTY720, (nβ=β9) and compared to a vehicle control group (nβ=β9). Animals were observed over a 3 day survival period after hemorrhage. Circulating total leukocyte and neutrophil counts were measured. Central lymphocytes were evaluated with mesenteric lymph node and spleen immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for CD3. Lung tissue infiltrating neutrophils were analyzed with myeloperoxidase (MPO) IHC staining. Relevant immune-related gene expression from liver tissue was quantified using RT-PCR. The overall survival was 22.2% in the vehicle control and 66.7% in the FTY720 groups (pβ=β0.081), and reperfusion survival (period after hemorrhage) was 25% in the vehicle control and 75% in the FTY720 groups (pβ=β0.047). CD3+ lymphocytes were significantly increased in mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen in the FTY720 group compared to vehicle control, indicating central lymphocyte sequestration. Lymphocyte disruption significantly decreased circulating and lung tissue infiltrating neutrophils, and decreased expression of liver immune-related gene expression in the FTY720 treated group. There were no observed infectious or wound healing complications. Lymphocyte sequestration with FTY720 improves survival in experimental hemorrhagic shock using a porcine liver injury model. These results support a novel and clinically relevant lymphocyte immunomodulation strategy to ameliorate secondary immune injury in hemorrhagic shock
Seminal Plasma Enhances Cervical Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation and Tumour Growth In Vivo
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women in sub-Saharan Africa. Extensive evidence has shown that cervical cancer and its precursor lesions are caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although the vast majority of HPV infections are naturally resolved, failure to eradicate infected cells has been shown to promote viral persistence and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, following neoplastic transformation, exposure of cervical epithelial cells to inflammatory mediators either directly or via the systemic circulation may enhance progression of the disease. It is well recognised that seminal plasma contains an abundance of inflammatory mediators, which are identified as regulators of tumour growth. Here we investigated the role of seminal plasma in regulating neoplastic cervical epithelial cell growth and tumorigenesis. Using HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma cells, we found that seminal plasma (SP) induced the expression of the inflammatory enzymes, prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PTGS1 and PTGS2), cytokines interleukin (IL) -6, and -11 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A). To investigate the role of SP on tumour cell growth in vivo, we xenografted HeLa cells subcutaneously into the dorsal flank of nude mice. Intra-peritoneal administration of SP rapidly and significantly enhanced the tumour growth rate and size of HeLa cell xenografts in nude mice. As observed in vitro, we found that SP induced expression of inflammatory PTGS enzymes, cytokines and VEGF-A in vivo. Furthermore we found that SP enhances blood vessel size in HeLa cell xenografts. Finally we show that SP-induced cytokine production, VEGF-A expression and cell proliferation are mediated via the induction of the inflammatory PTGS pathway
Prevalence and impact of severe fatigue in adolescent and young adult cancer patients in comparison with population-based controls
Cardiac Rehabilitation for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Western Australia
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