The robust variance estimator for two-stage models

This article discusses estimates of variance for two-stage models. We present the sandwich estimate of variance as an alternative to the Murphy-Topel estimate. The sandwich estimator has a simple formula that is similar to the formula for the Murphy ÐTopel estimator,and the two estimators are asymptotically equal when the assumed model distributions are true. The advantages of the sandwich estimate of variance are that it may be calculated for the complete parameter vector, and that it requires estimating equations instead of fully specified log likelihoods. Copyright 2002 by Stata Corporation.robust variance estimator,Murphy-Topel estimator,two-stage estimation,estimating equation

Measurement error, GLMs, and notational conventions

This paper introduces additive measurement error in a generalized linear-model context. We discuss the types of measurement error along with their effects on fitted models. In addition, we present the notational conventions to be used in this and the accompanying papers. Copyright 2003 by StataCorp LP.generalized linear models, transportability, measurement error

Variance estimation for the instrumental variables approach to measurement error in generalized linear models

This paper derives and gives explicit formulas for a derived sandwich variance estimate. This variance estimate is appropriate for generalized linear additive measurement error models fitted using instrumental variables. We also generalize the known results for linear regression. As such, this article explains the theoretical justification for the sandwich estimate of variance utilized in the software for measurement error developed under the Small Business Innovation Research Grant (SBIR) by StataCorp. The results admit estimation of variance matrices for measurement error models where there is an instrument for the unknown covariate. Copyright 2003 by StataCorp LP.sandwich estimate of variance, measurement error, White's estimator, robust variance, generalized linear models, instrumental variables

Studies In The Hippocastanaceae Ii. Inflorescence Structure And Distribution Of Perfect Flowers

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142159/1/ajb210511.pd

Leadership and Management Training in the North Carolina Judicial System: An Examination of Identified Need

The purpose of this paper is to ask whether North Carolina public service lawyers and judges believe that their judicial districts perform with maximum efficiency or whether there could be functional improvement with leadership and management training for system leaders, and with the perceived need of such training, as articulated by these professionals, what a general training model might look like. A brief examination of the institutionally provided leadership and management training offered to system leaders shows sparse resources are expended to develop leaders and train them so that they have the skills to direct individual organizations and change the legal, institutional culture that exists in this justice system. Research shows that leadership and management training of justice system personnel would allow them to be adaptive to the needs of society and better able to effectively, efficiently use scarce resources allocated to the system by the North Carolina Legislatur

Leadership and Management Training in the North Carolina Judicial System: An Examination of Identified Need

The purpose of this paper is to ask whether North Carolina public service lawyers and judges believe that their judicial districts perform with maximum efficiency or whether there could be functional improvement with leadership and management training for system leaders, and with the perceived need of such training, as articulated by these professionals, what a general training model might look like. A brief examination of the institutionally provided leadership and management training offered to system leaders shows sparse resources are expended to develop leaders and train them so that they have the skills to direct individual organizations and change the legal, institutional culture that exists in this justice system. Research shows that leadership and management training of justice system personnel would allow them to be adaptive to the needs of society and better able to effectively, efficiently use scarce resources allocated to the system by the North Carolina Legislatur

Ownership Structure, Property Performance, Multifamily Properties and REITs

This research extends literature that empirically evaluates the impact of ownership and management structure on property level performance. The results show that multifamily properties owned and managed by real estate investment trusts (REITs) generate higher effective rents at the property level than non-REIT-owned properties. After controlling for positive operating scale and brand effects, REIT property level performance is better than non-REIT property level performance in the market studied. The REIT structure represents diversified scale operators with property management skills. The results imply that the structure of property ownership can impact property performance.

CFD Primer: What Do All Those Colors Really Mean?

TutorialThis tutorial provides a general overview of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It is not intended for CFD experts but rather for those seeking answers to questions such as: What is the role of CFD in the design / analysis process? What is CFD? What benefits can be derived from CFD? What are the typical deliverables from CFD? In addition to answering the above questions, the session will also offer several sample cases illustrating some practical applications of CFD in day-to-day design, analysis and trouble-shooting processes