Local density of states induced by anisotropic impurity scattering in a d-wave superconductor

We study a single impurity effect on the local density of states in a d-wave superconductor accounting for the momentum-dependent impurity potential. We show that the anisotropy of the scattering potential can alter significantly the spatial dependence of the quasiparticle density of states in the vicinity of the impurity.Comment: 8 pages, revtex4, 14 figure

Effect of anisotropic impurity scattering on a density of states of a d-wave superconductor

We discuss the effect of an anisotropic impurity potential on the critical temperature, local density of states in the vicinity of a single impurity, and the quasiparticle density of states for a finite impurity concentration in a d-wave superconductor. Different scattering regimes are concerned.Comment: 3 pages, revtex4, 4 figure

Comment on the anisotropic impurity scattering in superconductors

We discuss a case of a strong anisotropic impurity scattering within the model introduced in our previous paper [Phys. Rev. B54, 15463 (1996)] and clarify our former statement about a possible enhancement of the critical temperature in this scattering regime. We show that for the anisotropy of the impurity potential determined by the functions from the non-identity irreducible representations of the crystal point group, the critical temperature decreases with the impurity scattering rate which is consistent with a generally understood role of disorder in superconductors.Comment: 6 pages, RevTe

Times of no spatial relationships: retrospection in space on the example of modern and historic settlements in the Karkonosze

The aim of the work is: - Presentation of the critical points in management of cities and villages in the system of services institutions, which is essential to the proper functioning of society and the shaping of space. This subject was raised to answer the question whether the new social behavior can affect the classical principles of organization of space? In particular, can one affect the management of settlement units in the facilities of social services? Currently, in fact a man meets some of his needs in an unreal way (e.g., via electronic techniques), without any limits of distance, space (e.g., by means of transport ), because of the development of social and economic life. - Propose planning solutions for mountain villages located in the Karkonosze, presenting opportunities for development or a stable existence. They have been prospering through its history blending with its architecture and arrangement of buildings in the mountain nature exemplary. Currently, some of which are experiencing difficulties caused by, among others, changes in the modern world, so-called fusion of real and virtual space. There are monofunctional or deprived of basic functions settlements not meeting the residents` needs. The issues were analyzed by the use of case studies method. This led to a selection of specific examples of the phenomenon of the social centers disappearance, shut down of service infrastructure, and on the contrary strengthen their local position. It was assumed that the combination of the contemporary image with their historical forms of settlement can help to find the synthesis of virtual and the real world. As a result of the analyze, it was found: - Elimination of the complementary network of services contributes to minimizing the village in the settlement system. New social customs may even intensify this state; - Gradual modernization of services leads to prosperity of settlement, using new media opportunities; - Reasonable use of potential space of information technology space can contribute to improved well- being and changes in the mountain village

Value of MR examinations in diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases

Background: Magnetic Resonance (MR) is one of the newest achievements in diagnostic medicine. Practical validation of MR in cardiovascular diseases is very important, due to growing interest of cardiologists in this method and information in literature about usefulness of MR in cardiology. Material/Methods: In years 1996-2004, Lower Silesian Center of Diagnostic Imaging examined 134 patients with cardiovascular diseases with MR. Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) - 23 cases, patients after correction of the CoA - 17 cases, hypoplastic aortic arch - 5 cases, complex aortic arch abnormalities - 7 cases, congenital cardiac defects - 9 cases, patients after surgical correction of the heart defect - 12 cases, control after heart operation in an adult - 1 case, suspicion of arrhythmogenic right ventriculardysplasia (ARVD), myocarditis and cardiomyopathies - 32 cases, primary and secondary tumors of the heart - 4 cases, left ventricle aneurysms - 9 cases. All the patients underwent USG examination, in 25 cases digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and hemodynamic examination were performed. In 6 cases CT of the chest was performed. Correlation between MR and USG, DSA, CT examinations was evaluated. Results/Conclusions: In our material, the best results of MR examinations were achieved in diagnostics of the thoracic aorta disease. Measurements of the aorta diameter in MR strictly correlate with the results obtained in USG examination. In complex aortic arch abnormalities, MR seldom can replace DSA examination - only in easier cases, but it can help and reduce the time of DSA examination. MR may evaluate the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary vessels. MR perfectly visualizes morphology of the cardiac chambers, their spatial relationship, contractility and connection to great vessels. Assessment of septal defects and valves morphology in MR is inferior to USG examination. MR enables recognition of the ARVD. Less satisfactory results were obtained in diagnostics of myocarditis. MR is a perfect method of visualization and evaluation of cardiac tumors bigger than 5 mm

The Critical Temperature of an Anisotropic Superconductor in the Presence of a Homogeneous Magnetic Field and Impurities

The effect of a homogeneous magnetic field and nonmagnetic impurities on the critical temperature of an anisotropic superconductor has been investigated. The role of these pair-breakers in relation to the anisotropy of the order parameter is clarified.Comment: 7 pages, RevTeX, 1 PostScript figur

The phase transition phenomena in anisotropic superconductors: effect of the orthorhombic crystal field and the potential impurity scattering

A combined effect of the orthorhombic crystal field and potential impurity scattering on several superconducting states of a tetragonal symmetry is studied within a weak-coupling mean field approach. It is shown that the nonmagnetic impurities stabilize the states belonging to the identity irreducible representation. The electronic specific heat jump at the phase transition is analyzed. Its dependence on the potential scattering rate for large impurity concentration is shown to be remarkably different for the states with a nonzero value of the Fermi surface averaged order parameter than for those with a vanishing one. In particular, very distinct signals from d_{x^2-y^2} state in YBCO and d_{xy} state in BSCCO compound are predicted. This effect may be used as a test for the presence of these states in the above cuprates.Comment: 21 pages, 2 tables, RevTex, 12 PostScript figure

Combined potential and spin impurity scattering in cuprates

We present a theory of combined nonmagnetic and magnetic impurity scattering in anisotropic superconductors accounting for the momentum-dependent impurity potential. Applying the model to the d-wave superconducting state, we obtain a quantitative agreement with the initial suppression of the critical temperature due to Zn and Ni substitutions as well as electron irradiation defects in the cuprates. We suggest, that the unequal pair-breaking effect of Zn and Ni may be related to a different nature of the magnetic moments induced by these impurities.Comment: 5 pages, 3 tables, RevTex, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Rzadka lokalizacja torbieli skrzelopochodnej u dziecka : opis przypadku

Background: Branchial cleft cysts are the most common neck masses in children. USG and MRI allow precise diagnosis and preoperative assessment of these changes. Case report: A 20-month-old girl was admitted to the hospital with a palpable mass in the submandibular region. In the USG and MRI examinations, a cystic mass was found. The cyst was removed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of an endodermal cleft cyst. Conclusions: The main cause of neck tumors in children are congenital changes. The most common are branchial cleft cysts and thyreoglossal cysts. Branchial cleft cysts arise during the first six weeks of fetal life when the branchial arches are developing. Among them the most common are second branchial cleft cysts, which occur in the neck, anterior to the sternocleidomastoid