Microscale application of column theory for high resolution force and displacement sensing

We present the design, fabrication and experimental validation of a novel device that exploits the amplification of displacement and attenuation of structural stiffness in the post-buckling deformation of slender columns to obtain pico-Newton force and nanometer displacement resolution even under an optical microscope. The extremely small size, purely mechanical sensing scheme and vacuum compatibility of the instrument makes it compatible with existing visualization tools of nanotechnology. The instrument has a wide variety of potential applications ranging from electro-mechanical characterization of one dimensional solids to single biological cells

Fish seed production in ricefields: participatory training and extension manual

Seed (aquaculture), Rice field aquaculture, Rice fields, Manuals Oreochromis niloticus

Optimal protocols for quantum quenches of finite duration in the Luttinger model

Reaching a target quantum state from an initial state within a finite temporal window is a challenging problem due to nonadiabaticity. We study the optimal protocol for switching on interactions to reach the ground state of a weakly interacting Luttinger liquid within a finite time tau, starting from the noninteracting ground state. The protocol is optimized by minimizing the excess energy at the end of the quench, or by maximizing the overlap with the interacting ground state. We find that the optimal protocol is symmetric with respect to tau/2, and can be expressed as a functional of the occupation numbers of the bosonic modes in the final state. For short quench durations, the optimal protocol exhibits fast oscillation and excites high-energy modes. In the limit of large tau, minimizing energy requires a smooth protocol while maximizing overlap requires a linear quench protocol. In this limit, the minimal energy and maximal overlap are both universal functions of the system size and the duration of the protocol

Analysis of Noise Sensitivity of Different ECG Detection Algorithms

This paper presents an analysis of noise sensitivities of different detection algorithms for electrocardiogram (ECG) taken from MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Seven methods used in this paper are based on derivatives, digital filters (DF), neural network (NN) and wavelet transform (WT). The raw ECG is corrupted with 5 different types of synthesized noise, namely, power line interference, base line drift due to respiration, abrupt baseline shift, electromyogram (EMG) interference and a composite noise made from other types. A total of 315 data sets are constructed from 15 raw data sets for each type of noise adding 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% noise levels. The application of the methods to detect QRS complexes of a total of 33,774 beats of ECG shows that none of the algorithms are able to detect all QRS complexes without any false positives for all of the noise types at the highest noise level. Algorithms based on NN and WT show better performance considering all noise types and the two algorithms perform similarly. The result of this study will help to develop a more robust ECG detector and this will make ECG interpretation system more effective.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v3i3.251

Deformation of a Trapped Fermi Gas with Unequal Spin Populations

The real-space densities of a polarized strongly-interacting two-component Fermi gas of $^6$Li atoms reveal two low temperature regimes, both with a fully-paired core. At the lowest temperatures, the unpolarized core deforms with increasing polarization. Sharp boundaries between the core and the excess unpaired atoms are consistent with a phase separation driven by a first-order phase transition. In contrast, at higher temperatures the core does not deform but remains unpolarized up to a critical polarization. The boundaries are not sharp in this case, indicating a partially-polarized shell between the core and the unpaired atoms. The temperature dependence is consistent with a tricritical point in the phase diagram.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

Analysis of a fully packed loop model arising in a magnetic Coulomb phase

The Coulomb phase of spin ice, and indeed the Ic phase of water ice, naturally realise a fully-packed two-colour loop model in three dimensions. We present a detailed analysis of the statistics of these loops, which avoid themselves and other loops of the same colour, and contrast their behaviour to an analogous two-dimensional model. The properties of another extended degree of freedom are also addressed, flux lines of the emergent gauge field of the Coulomb phase, which appear as "Dirac strings" in spin ice. We mention implications of these results for related models, and experiments.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

A new binding geometry for an ortho-xylylene-linked bis(NHC)cyclophane: a ruthenium(II) complex with a chelating (g1-NHC)2:g6-arene ligand

Using two different reaction procedures, a Ru(II) complex has been isolated that contains an ortho-xylylene-linked bis(NHC)cyclophane (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) that binds to the Ru centre through two carbene carbons and one of the arene rings in an η6-mode

STR-978: A HYSTERESIS MODEL FOR THE PISTON-BASED SELF-CENTERING BRACING SYSTEM CONSIDERING RESIDUAL DEFORMATION

A load deformation hysteresis model has been developed for the piston based self-centering (PBSC) bracing system. This bracing system utilizes shaft-piston mechanism for transferring load to its core energy dissipating elements, which are made of Nickel Titanium alloy (NiTinol) bars. These bars provide the brace its strength as well as the self-centering capability. Although in theory, the NiTinol based shape memory alloy bars are supposed to come back to their original shape after large nonlinear deformations, in reality, they experience residual deformation. The hysteresis models, which are currently available for capturing the behavior of self-centering systems, are known as flag shaped hysteresis. Unfortunately, these flag shaped hysteresis models cannot capture residual deformation. In order to solve this issue a novel hysteresis model has been developed for the PBSC bracing system. This model will enable researchers to capture the PBSC brace behavior in detail during quasi-static and dynamic time history analysis. This hysteresis model is developed using the results of nonlinear static analysis in MATLAB. The resultant plots were thoroughly examined to determine loading/unloading rules. These rules were coded and implemented in the S-FRAME software’s nonlinear analysis solver. A building frame model was built with PBSC bracing system and it was tested using ten earthquake records scaled to Vancouver soil class “C” response spectrum. It was observed that the PBSC brace has an excellent re-centering capability

Prediction of Pneumonia and COVID-19 Using Deep Neural Networks

Pneumonia, caused by bacteria and viruses, is a rapidly spreading viral infection with global implications. Prompt identification of infected individuals is crucial for containing its transmission. This study explores the potential of medical image analysis to address this challenge. We propose machine-learning techniques for predicting Pneumonia from chest X-ray images. Chest X-ray imaging is vital for Pneumonia diagnosis due to its accessibility and cost-effectiveness. However, interpreting X-rays for Pneumonia detection can be complex, as radiographic features can overlap with other respiratory conditions. We evaluate the performance of different machine learning models, including DenseNet121, Inception Resnet-v2, Inception Resnet-v3, Resnet50, and Xception, using chest X-ray images of pneumonia patients. Performance measures and confusion matrices are employed to assess and compare the models. The findings reveal that DenseNet121 outperforms other models, achieving an accuracy rate of 99.58%. This study underscores the significance of machine learning in the accurate detection of Pneumonia, leveraging chest X-ray images. Our study offers insights into the potential of technology to mitigate the spread of pneumonia through precise diagnostics

Quantum quench in two dimensions using the variational Baeriswyl wave function

By combining the Baeriswyl wave function with equilibrium and time-dependent variational principles, we develop a nonequilibrium formalism to study quantum quenches for two-dimensional spinless fermions with nearest-neighbor hopping and repulsion. The variational ground-state energy, the charge-density wave (CDW) order parameter, and the short-time dynamics agree convincingly with the results of numerically exact simulations. We find that, depending on the initial and final interaction strength, the quenched system either exhibits oscillatory behavior or relaxes to a time-independent steady state. The time-averaged expectation value of the CDW order parameter rises sharply when crossing from the steady-state regime to the oscillating regime, indicating that the system, being nonintegrable, shows signs of thermalization with an effective temperature above or below the equilibrium critical temperature, respectively. © 2016 American Physical Society