4,552 research outputs found
Exploiting Sentence Embedding for Medical Question Answering
Despite the great success of word embedding, sentence embedding remains a
not-well-solved problem. In this paper, we present a supervised learning
framework to exploit sentence embedding for the medical question answering
task. The learning framework consists of two main parts: 1) a sentence
embedding producing module, and 2) a scoring module. The former is developed
with contextual self-attention and multi-scale techniques to encode a sentence
into an embedding tensor. This module is shortly called Contextual
self-Attention Multi-scale Sentence Embedding (CAMSE). The latter employs two
scoring strategies: Semantic Matching Scoring (SMS) and Semantic Association
Scoring (SAS). SMS measures similarity while SAS captures association between
sentence pairs: a medical question concatenated with a candidate choice, and a
piece of corresponding supportive evidence. The proposed framework is examined
by two Medical Question Answering(MedicalQA) datasets which are collected from
real-world applications: medical exam and clinical diagnosis based on
electronic medical records (EMR). The comparison results show that our proposed
framework achieved significant improvements compared to competitive baseline
approaches. Additionally, a series of controlled experiments are also conducted
to illustrate that the multi-scale strategy and the contextual self-attention
layer play important roles for producing effective sentence embedding, and the
two kinds of scoring strategies are highly complementary to each other for
question answering problems.Comment: 8 page
On the Cahn-Hilliard equation with kinetic rate dependent dynamic boundary conditions and non-smooth potentials: Well-posedness and asymptotic limits
We consider a class of Cahn-Hilliard equation with kinetic rate dependent
dynamic boundary conditions that describe possible short-range interactions
between the binary mixture and the solid boundary. In the presence of surface
diffusion on the boundary, the initial boundary value problem can be viewed as
a transmission problem consisting of Cahn-Hilliard type equations both in the
bulk and on the boundary. We first prove existence, uniqueness and continuous
dependence of global weak solutions. In the construction of solutions, an
explicit convergence rate in terms of the parameter for the Yosida
approximation is established. Under some additional assumptions, we also obtain
the existence and uniqueness of global strong solutions. Next, we study the
asymptotic limit as the coefficient of the boundary diffusion goes to zero and
show that the limit problem with a forward-backward dynamic boundary condition
is well-posed in a suitable weak formulation. Besides, we investigate the
asymptotic limit as the kinetic rate tends to zero and infinity, respectively.
Our results are valid for a general class of bulk and boundary potentials with
double-well structure, including the physically relevant logarithmic potential
and the non-smooth double-obstacle potential.Comment: 40 page
Using Argument-based Features to Predict and Analyse Review Helpfulness
We study the helpful product reviews identification problem in this paper. We
observe that the evidence-conclusion discourse relations, also known as
arguments, often appear in product reviews, and we hypothesise that some
argument-based features, e.g. the percentage of argumentative sentences, the
evidences-conclusions ratios, are good indicators of helpful reviews. To
validate this hypothesis, we manually annotate arguments in 110 hotel reviews,
and investigate the effectiveness of several combinations of argument-based
features. Experiments suggest that, when being used together with the
argument-based features, the state-of-the-art baseline features can enjoy a
performance boost (in terms of F1) of 11.01\% in average.Comment: 6 pages, EMNLP201
Cyclotron Dynamics of a Kondo Singlet in a Spin-Orbit-Coupled Alkaline-Earth Atomic Gas
We propose a scheme to investigate the interplay between Kondo-exchange
interaction and quantum spin Hall effect with ultracold fermionic
alkaline-earth atoms trapped in two-dimensional optical lattices using
ultracold collision and laser-assisted tunneling. In the strong Kondo-coupling
regime, though the loop trajectory of the mobile atom disappears, collective
dynamics of an atom pair in two clock states can exhibit an unexpected
spin-dependent cyclotron orbit in a plaquette, realizing the quantum spin Hall
effect of the Kondo singlet. We demonstrate that the collective cyclotron
dynamics of the spin-zero Kondo singlet is governed by an effective
Harper-Hofstadter model in addition to second-order diagonal tunneling
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