5,767 research outputs found
SCOPE: Scalable Composite Optimization for Learning on Spark
Many machine learning models, such as logistic regression~(LR) and support
vector machine~(SVM), can be formulated as composite optimization problems.
Recently, many distributed stochastic optimization~(DSO) methods have been
proposed to solve the large-scale composite optimization problems, which have
shown better performance than traditional batch methods. However, most of these
DSO methods are not scalable enough. In this paper, we propose a novel DSO
method, called \underline{s}calable \underline{c}omposite
\underline{op}timization for l\underline{e}arning~({SCOPE}), and implement it
on the fault-tolerant distributed platform \mbox{Spark}. SCOPE is both
computation-efficient and communication-efficient. Theoretical analysis shows
that SCOPE is convergent with linear convergence rate when the objective
function is convex. Furthermore, empirical results on real datasets show that
SCOPE can outperform other state-of-the-art distributed learning methods on
Spark, including both batch learning methods and DSO methods
Algebraic Geometric Secret Sharing Schemes over Large Fields Are Asymptotically Threshold
In Chen-Cramer Crypto 2006 paper \cite{cc} algebraic geometric secret sharing
schemes were proposed such that the "Fundamental Theorem in
Information-Theoretically Secure Multiparty Computation" by Ben-Or, Goldwasser
and Wigderson \cite{BGW88} and Chaum, Cr\'{e}peau and Damg{\aa}rd \cite{CCD88}
can be established over constant-size base finite fields. These algebraic
geometric secret sharing schemes defined by a curve of genus over a
constant size finite field is quasi-threshold in the following
sense, any subset of players (non qualified) has no information of
the secret and any subset of players (qualified) can reconstruct
the secret. It is natural to ask that how far from the threshold these
quasi-threshold secret sharing schemes are? How many subsets of players can recover the secret or have no information of the secret?
In this paper it is proved that almost all subsets of
players have no information of the secret and almost all subsets of players can reconstruct the secret when the size goes to the
infinity and the genus satisfies . Then algebraic
geometric secret sharing schemes over large finite fields are asymptotically
threshold in this case. We also analyze the case when the size of the base
field is fixed and the genus goes to the infinity
Inhibition of TNF-α and IL-1 by compounds from selected plants for rheumatoid arthritis therapy: In vivo and in silico studies
Purpose: To investigate the inhibitory activities of herbal compounds from Curcuma longa, Sophora japonica and Camellia sinensis against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) using in vivo and in silico tools.Methods: The extracts of the medicinal herbs (Curcuma longa, Sophora japonica and Camellia sinensis) were evaluated for immune-modulatory activities based using neutrophil oxidative burst assay. The compounds present in the medicinal herbs were screened for their inhibitory effects against TNF-α (PDB ID: 2AZ5) and IL-1 (PDB ID: 2L5X) using Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0 (MVD). The stabilities of the top docking poses were confirmed by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation run for 20 nanoseconds (ns).Results: The herbal compounds exerted strong inhibitory effects against TNF-α (PDB ID: 2AZ5) and IL- 1 (PDB ID: 2L5X), implying their therapeutic potential for use in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Of the compounds, curcumin diglucoside and curcumin monoglucoside showed the strongest inhibitory effects on monocytes, with inhibitory levels of 82.75 and 81.34 %, respectively, while eugenin had the weakest inhibitory activity (11.12 %). In addition, molecular docking scores were consistent with the in vivo results, and revealed strong inhibitory effects of curcumin diglucoside and curcumin monoglucoside against TNF-α and IL-1.Conclusion: Herbal compounds present in Curcuma longa, Sophora japonica and Camellia sinensis possess strong inhibitory effects against the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1. Thus, these compounds have therapeutic potentials that can be exploited for the treatment of RA.Keywords: Curcuma longa, Sophora japonica, Camellia sinensis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1, Immuno-modulation, Molecular dockin
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