Texture evolution induced by twinning and dynamic recrystallization in dilute Mg-1Sn-1Zn-1Al alloy during hot compression

Texture evolution of an extruded dilute Mg-1Sn-1Zn-1Al alloy was thoroughly investigated based on the twinning and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior via hot compression at a strain rate of 10 s−1 and temperature of 225°C. It was found that the types and intensities of the texture are strongly dependent on the fraction of twins and DRX modes as well as regions where sub-grain boundaries (sub-GBs) are intensively accumulated. At the initial stage of deformation, the formation of compression direction (CD)-tilted basal texture was mainly determined by the occurrence of {101¯2} extension twins. As the strain increases, the variation in the texture intensity was greatly dominated by the DRX modes but the type of main texture remained unchanged. These findings are of great importance for texture modification of wrought Mg-Sn-based alloys during post-deformation

Circulating tumor DNA clearance predicts prognosis across treatment regimen in a large real-world longitudinally monitored advanced non-small cell lung cancer cohort

Background: Although growth advantage of certain clones would ultimately translate into a clinically visible disease progression, radiological imaging does not reflect clonal evolution at molecular level. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), validated as a tool for mutation detection in lung cancer, could reflect dynamic molecular changes. We evaluated the utility of ctDNA as a predictive and a prognostic marker in disease monitoring of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.Methods: This is a multicenter prospective cohort study. We performed capture-based ultra-deep sequencing on longitudinal plasma samples utilizing a panel consisting of 168 NSCLC-related genes on 949 advanced NSCLC patients with driver mutations to monitor treatment responses and disease progression. The correlations between ctDNA and progression-free survival (PFS)/overall survival (OS) were performed on 248 patients undergoing various treatments with the minimum of 2 ctDNA tests.Results: The results of this study revealed that higher ctDNA abundance (P=0.012) and mutation count (P=8.5x10(-4)) at baseline are associated with shorter OS. We also found that patients with ctDNA clearance, not just driver mutation clearance, at any point during the course of treatment were associated with longer PFS (P=2.2x10(-1)6, HR 0.28) and OS (P=4.5x10(-6), HR 0.19) regardless of type of treatment and evaluation schedule.Conclusions: This prospective real-world study shows that ctDNA clearance during treatment may serve as predictive and prognostic marker across a wide spectrum of treatment regimens

High Expression of VSTM2L Induced Resistance to Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer through Downstream IL-4 Signaling

Background. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (pCRT) is a common and essential therapeutic strategy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), but poor tumor response and therapeutic resistance to chemoradiotherapy have appeared usually among persons and affected those patients’ survival prognosis. The resistance to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer is difficult to predict. This study was aimed at evaluating the role of V-set and transmembrane domain containing 2 like protein (VSTM2L) in resistance to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer. Methods. Analysis of the GEO profiling datasets of rectal cancer patients receiving pCRT disclosed that VSTM2L as a candidate gene was significantly upregulated in nonresponders of rectal cancer with pCRT. The mRNA and protein expression of VSTM2L was detected by quantitate real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry in six rectal cancer biopsy tissues before pCRT. Furthermore, the rectal cancer patient-derived organoids were cultured to evaluate the association of VSTM2L expression and tumor response to CRT. Overexpression of VSTM2L in cancer cells treated with CRT was analyzed for the function of cell proliferation and viability, clone formation, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis ability. The GSEA and RNA-sequence analysis were used to find the downstream mechanism of VSTM2L overexpression in cells treated with CRT. Results. The mRNA levels of VSTM2L were significantly downregulated in normal rectal tissues compared to tumor tissues and were upregulated in nonresponders of rectal cancer patients receiving pCRT and positively correlated with poor survival prognosis from GEO datasets. High expression of VSTM2L was significantly associated with tumor regression after pCRT (P=0.030). Moreover, high expression of VSTM2L reduced γ-H2AX expression in rectal cancer patient-derived organoids treated with CRT. The overexpression of VSTM2L in colorectal cancer cells induced resistance to CRT via promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. The molecular mechanism revealed that the overexpression of VSTM2L induced resistance to CRT through downstream IL-4 signaling affecting the progress of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Conclusion. The high expression of VSTM2L induced resistance to CRT, and adverse survival outcomes served as a prognostic factor in patients with rectal cancer receiving pCRT, suggesting that VSTM2L high expression may be a potential resistant predictable biomarker for LARC patients receiving pCRT

Effects of Post-Deposition Annealing on ZrO2/n-GaN MOS Capacitors with H2O and O3 as the Oxidizers

Abstract GaN-based metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors with ZrO2 as the dielectric layer have been prepared by atomic layer deposition. The accumulation and depletion regions can be clearly distinguished when the voltage was swept from −4 to 4 V. Post-annealing results suggested that the capacitance in accumulation region went up gradually as the annealing temperature increased from 300 to 500 °C. A minimum leakage current density of 3 × 10−9 A/cm2 at 1 V was obtained when O3 was used for the growth of ZrO2. Leakage analysis revealed that Schottky emission and Fowler-Nordheim tunneling were the main leakage mechanisms

The Supercapacitor Degradation State Diagnostic System Based on LabVIEW

In this thesis, we design and implement the degradation state diagnostic system for supercapacitor. In order to detect the degradation degree of supercapacitor, it is necessary to test the changes of the parameters that include capacitance, ESR (equivalent series resistance) and the leakage current between the terminals of supercapacitor. The way to obtain these parameters is to measure the voltage and current value by the data acquisition card, and then transmit to the software of LabVIEW calculating the values. By comparing the values of capacitance and ESR with the original value separately, the degradation state of the supercapacitor can be estimated

Analysis of Nutritional Composition in 23 Kinds of Edible Fungi

To explore the differences in the main nutritional composition of 23 kinds of common edible fungi in the market, the moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fiber, carbohydrates, polysaccharides, and energy were analyzed using national standard methods. The results showed that the 23 kinds of edible fungi varied greatly in nutritional composition. Based on dry weight, the moisture content was 6.9∼15.5 g/100 g, the ash content ranged from 1.3 to 10.1 g/100 g, the protein content ranged from 8.5 to 36.9 g/100 g, the fat content was 0.5∼3.9 g/100 g, the dietary fiber content was between 14.4∼70.2 g/100 g, the carbohydrate content is 0.5∼37.3 g/100 g, the polysaccharide content was 2.1∼8.3 g/100 g, and the energy is about 751∼1322 100 g/kJ. All the 23 kinds of edible fungi can be regarded as high-protein low-fat foods, which have their own advantages in terms of nutritional value. This study provides reference for people to use edible fungi in a more scientific and reasonable way

Effects of Post-Deposition Annealing on ZrO2/n-GaN MOS Capacitors with H2O and O3 as the Oxidizers

Abstract GaN-based metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors with ZrO2 as the dielectric layer have been prepared by atomic layer deposition. The accumulation and depletion regions can be clearly distinguished when the voltage was swept from −4 to 4 V. Post-annealing results suggested that the capacitance in accumulation region went up gradually as the annealing temperature increased from 300 to 500 °C. A minimum leakage current density of 3 × 10−9 A/cm2 at 1 V was obtained when O3 was used for the growth of ZrO2. Leakage analysis revealed that Schottky emission and Fowler-Nordheim tunneling were the main leakage mechanisms

Texture evolution in Mg-8Sn-1Zn-1Al alloy during hot compression via competition between twinning and dynamic precipitation

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Controlling the microstructure and texture of Mg-based alloys is of paramount importance aimed at improving their mechanical performances to an acceptable level required for automotive and aerospace applications. The effects of twinning and dynamic precipitation on texture evolution in the Mg-8Sn-1Zn-1Al alloy were investigated during the hot compression test at 473 K up to a logarithmic strain of 0.7 with strain rates ranging from 0.1 to 10 s −1 . The results indicate that the types and intensities of the texture strongly depend on the strain rates during hot compression. Texture evolution was thoroughly investigated in terms of type/fraction of twins, and twinning-induced dynamic recrystallized grains. Moreover, the hindering effect of dynamically precipitated Mg 2 Sn phases on the matrix lattice rotation was studied in detail. The findings provide a new insight into controlling the texture during the fabrication of wrought Mg alloys, which is critical for producing alloys suitable for high-performance applications