DATA MINING TECHNIQUE USING NAÏVE BAYES ALGORITHM TO PREDICT SHOPEE CONSUMER SATISFACTION AMONG MILLENNIAL GENERATION

Shopee is one of the largest e-commerce platforms currently being used by Millennials. The use of Shopee itself makes it very easy for consumers to process transactions. Shopee itself is committed to maintaining and improving customer satisfaction so they don't switch to other competitors. However, it is undeniable that there are still many cases that can harm consumers when using the platform. With the cases that occur, it is very possible that there will be a big influence on the level of consumer satisfaction on the platform. Consumers will feel satisfied when the product or service used can meet consumer expectations. This study was made with the aim of predicting the level of consumer satisfaction of Shopee Indonesia among the Millennial Generation. This study applies data mining using the Naive Bayes Algorithm. The Naive Bayes algorithm itself is a simple probability classification that can calculate all possibilities by combining a number of combinations and the frequency of a value from the database obtained. The attributes used in conducting this research include Name, Gender, Age, Price, Performance and Efficiency, Fulfillment, Reliability, Control and Security, Responsiveness, Compensation, Contact, and Description of Satisfaction Value. In this study, the results obtained from several input attributes that create a causal relationship when classifying satisfied and dissatisfied consumers. The results obtained can provide benefits for the Shopee company in increasing customer satisfaction. After carrying out the testing process, it can be concluded that the Naive Bayes Algorithm is an algorithm that is suitable for use in the classification process for measuring Shopee Indonesia's consumer satisfaction level among the Millennial Generation, with an accuracy rate of 89.65%

Autocrine Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling Regulates Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Phosphorylation via Modulation of Protein Phosphatase 2A Expression in Scleroderma Fibroblasts

BACKGROUND. During scleroderma (SSc) pathogenesis, fibroblasts acquire an activated phenotype characterized by enhanced production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and constitutive activation of several major signaling pathways including extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK1/2). Several studies have addressed the role of ERK1/2 in SSc fibrosis however the mechanism of its prolonged activation in SSc fibroblasts is still unknown. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a key serine threonine phosphatase responsible for dephosphorylation of a wide array of signaling molecules. Recently published microarray data from cultured SSc fibroblasts suggests that the catalytic subunit (C-subunit) of PP2A is downregulated in SSc. In this study we examined the role and regulation of PP2A in SSc fibroblasts in the context of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and matrix production. RESULTS. We show for the first time that PP2A mRNA and protein expression are significantly reduced in SSc fibroblasts and correlate with an increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and collagen expression. Furthermore, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), a major profibrotic cytokine implicated in SSc fibrosis, downregulates PP2A expression in healthy fibroblasts. PP2A-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was utilized to confirm the role of PP2A in ERK1/2 dephosphorylation in dermal fibroblasts. Accordingly, blockade of autocrine TGFβ signaling in SSc fibroblasts using soluble recombinant TGFβ receptor II (SRII) restored PP2A levels and decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and collagen expression. In addition, we observed that inhibition of ERK1/2 in SSc fibroblasts increased PP2A expression suggesting that ERK1/2 phosphorylation also contributes to maintaining low levels of PP2A, leading to an even further amplification of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS. Taken together, these studies suggest that decreased PP2A levels in SSc is a result of constitutively activated autocrine TGFβ signaling and could contribute to enhanced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and matrix production in SSc fibroblasts.National Institutes of Health (AR-44883

Characterization and fabrication of nanoporous materials by template-directed sol-gel methods

This research project focussed on developing synthetic strategies to fabricate a variety of nanoporous materials ranging the full range of pore sizes from micro to macro using template assisted sol-gel routes. Both colloidal crystals and surfactant self assemblies were employed as templates. Initial studies focussed on the fabrication of macroporous titano/alumino and tinsilicate materials by dip infiltrating colloidal crystal templates with sol-gel mixtures. The sols were prehydrolysed in order to ensure atomic scale homogeneity of the final material. These materials were subsequently characterised using SEM to observe the macrostructure whilst XRD, EDX, NMR and iR were used to characterise the thermal stability and chemical homogeneity. The work reports materials with metal:silicon atomic ratios for macroporous titanosilicates and aluminosilicates that are far in excess of those previously reported in the literature. Following this research was focused on the production of hierarchically ordered meso/macro silica materials by dip coating a preformed colloidal crystal into a sol-gel solution which contained surfactants. This technique combines principles of colloidal crystal templating and liquid crystal templating and by varying the surfactant it was possible to obtain mesoporous pore walls with both ordered and wormhole pore morphologies. The materials were characterised with both SEM, TEM and Nitrogen sorption and exhibited surface areas in excess of 500 m2 g-1. It was further shown that the mesopore size could be tuned by choosing different surfactants and mesopore sizes ranging from 2-7 nm were produced. Finally, the synthetic procedures developed to produce meso/macro silica were used to produce meso/macro titania and zirconia by extending the method to incorporate different metal alkoxides precursors. These materials were once again characterised by SEM, TEM and nitrogen sorption and it was shown meso/macro titania and zirconia could be easily fabricated using this simple approach. It was also shown that the ordering in these materials was more sensitive to the chosen surfactant with only larger tri-block copolymer surfactants yielding stable mesostructures.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Review of Current Immunologic Therapies for Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory disease of apocrine gland-bearing skin which affects approximately 1–4% of the population. The disease is more common in women and patients of African American descent and approximately one-third of patients report a family history. Obesity and smoking are known risk factors, but associations with other immune disorders, especially inflammatory bowel disease, are also recognized. The pathogenesis of HS is poorly understood and host innate or adaptive immune response, defective keratinocyte function, and the microbial environment in the hair follicle and apocrine gland have all been postulated to play a role in disease activity. While surgical interventions can be helpful to reduce disease burden, there is a high recurrence rate. Increasingly, data supports targeted immune therapy for HS, and longitudinal studies suggest benefit from these agents, both when used alone and as an adjunct to surgical treatments. The purpose of this review is to outline the current data supporting use of targeted immune therapy in HS management

Features of intellectual functions inhibition among Ukrainian boxers: A sociocultural study

The effects of boxing’s extreme aggressive conditions in training and competitive activity in sportsmen’s mental working capacity still remains under-explored. While the neurophysiological effects caused by micro traumas to the brain have been extensively studied, less attention has been paid to the psychological consequences. This article reports on our study of the features of mental operations efficiency in Ukrainian boxers. The study involved athletes (n = 168, gender: men, average age: 25.5 ± 6.2 years), who were engaged in boxing and kickboxing in the Ukraine’s eastern region. A ‘Classification’ method was used: a set of 70 cards with the images of various objects, plants, and living beings was given with instructions to arrange the items into groups in such a way that the objects in each concrete group possess common properties. Athletes were divided into groups, depending on the level of their sport qualification. Adopting the Vygotskian perspective, this study shows correlations between the productivity of boxers’ thinking processes and the level of their sport skills: highly qualified sportsmen have many more well-marked thinking process defects than the sportsmen of the 2nd and 3rd categories. We observed a decrease in the generalization level, reduction in speed, deterioration of neurodynamic characteristics and criticality processes nearly in all participants. Exhaustibility and decrease in mental working capacity, impulsiveness of thinking, and its unproductive transformation were marked more often among the highly skilled boxers. A discussion on the cultural redefinition of this sport and on the necessary rehabilitative treatments is then presented

Performance Characteristics of Pulmonary Function Tests for the Detection of Interstitial Lung Disease in Adults With Early Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163424/2/art41415.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163424/1/art41415_am.pd

Does hand involvement in systemic sclerosis limit completion of patient-reported outcome measures?

The objective of this analysis is to examine whether the severity of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-hand involvement influences patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) completion rate in a US cohort of early disease. Participants included SSc patients with less than 5 years disease duration consented and enrolled in the Collaborative, National, Quality, and Efficacy Registry (CONQUER) between June 2018 and December 2019. Participants\u27 socio-demographics, hand clinical features (severe modified Rodnan skin score, presence of small joint contractures, acro-osteolysis, calcinosis, and digital ulcers), and completion rates of seven PROMs including a Resource Use Questionnaire were analyzed. Cohort characteristics and baseline PROM completion were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the relationship between hand limitations and PROM incompletion at several time points using generalized estimating equations. At the time of data lock, 339 CONQUER subjects had a total of 600 visits available for analysis. Calcinosis (odds ratio [OR] 6.35, confidence interval [CI] 2.41-16.73 and acro-osteolysis OR 3.88 (1.57-9.55) were significantly associated with incomplete PROM. The Resource Use Questionnaire was the PROM most commonly not completed. Increasing age was correlated with resource use questionnaire incompletion rate. Acro-osteolysis and calcinosis were associated with lower PROM completion rates in a US SSc cohort, independent of the length of the questionnaires or the modality of administration (electronic or paper). Resource Use Questionnaires are important for understanding the economic impact and burden of chronic disease; however, in this study, it had lower completion rates than PROMs devoted to clinical variables. Key points •Multiple strategies are needed to ensure optimal completion of PROM in longitudinal cohort studies. Even if patients request electronic surveys, we have found it is important to follow up incomplete surveys with paper forms provided at the time of a clinical visit. •The Resource Utilization Questionnaire was lengthy and prone to non-completion in the younger population. •Acro-osteolysis and calcinosis were associated with reduced PROM completion rates

Safety and efficacy of abatacept in early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (ASSET): open-label extension of a phase 2, double-blind randomised trial

Background: Abatacept was well tolerated by patients with early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis in a phase 2, double-blind randomised trial, with potential efficacy at 12 months. We report here the results of an open-label extension for 6 months. / Methods: Patients (aged ≥18 years) with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis of less than 3 years' duration from their first non-Raynaud's symptom were enrolled into the ASSET trial (A Study of Subcutaneous Abatacept to Treat Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis), which is a double-blind trial at 22 sites in Canada, the UK, and the USA. After completion of 12 months of treatment with either abatacept or placebo, patients received a further 6 months of abatacept (125 mg subcutaneous every week) in an open-label extension. The primary endpoint of the double-blind trial was modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS) at 12 months, which was reassessed at 18 months in the open-label extension. The primary analysis included all participants who completed the double-blind trial and received at least one dose of open-label treatment (modified intention to treat). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02161406. / Findings: Between Sept 22, 2014, and March 15, 2017, 88 participants were randomly allocated in the double-blind trial either abatacept (n=44) or placebo (44); 32 patients from each treatment group completed the 6-month open-label extension. Among patients assigned abatacept, a mean improvement from baseline in mRSS was noted at 12 months (−6·6 [SD 6·4]), with further improvement seen during the open-label extension period (−9·8 [8·1] at month 18). Participants assigned placebo had a mean improvement from baseline in mRSS at 12 months (−3·7 [SD 7·6]), with a further improvement at month 18 (−6·3 [9·3]). Infections during the open-label extension phase occurred in nine patients in the placebo–abatacept group (12 adverse events, one serious adverse event) and in 11 patients in the abatacept–abatacept group (14 adverse events, one serious adverse event). Two deaths occurred during the 12-month double-blind period in the abatacept group, which were related to scleroderma renal crisis; no deaths were recorded during the open-label extension. / Interpretation: During the 6-month open-label extension, no new safety signals for abatacept were identified in the treatment of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Clinically meaningful improvements in mRSS and other outcome measures were observed in both the abatacept and placebo groups when patients transitioned to open-label treatment. These data support further studies of abatacept in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. / Funding: Bristol-Myers Squibb and National Institutes of Health

CONQUER Scleroderma: Association of Gastrointestinal Tract Symptoms in Early Disease With Resource Utilization

OBJECTIVES: SSc is associated with increased health-care resource utilization and economic burden. The Collaborative National Quality and Efficacy Registry (CONQUER) is a US-based collaborative that collects longitudinal follow-up data on SSc patients withparticipants. METHODS: CONQUER participants who had completed a baseline and 12-month Gastrointestinal Tract Questionnaire (GIT 2.0) and a Resource Utilization Questionnaire (RUQ) were included in this analysis. Patients were categorized by total GIT 2.0 severity: none-to-mild (0-0.49); moderate (0.50-1.00), and severe-to-very severe (1.01-3.00). Clinical features and medication exposures were examined in each of these categories. The 12-month RUQ responses were summarized by GIT 2.0 score categories at 12 months. RESULTS: Among the 211 CONQUER participants who met the inclusion criteria, most (64%) had mild GIT symptoms, 26% had moderate symptoms, and 10% severe GIT symptoms at 12 months. The categorization of GIT total severity score by RUQ showed that more upper endoscopy procedures and inpatient hospitalization occurred in the CONQUER participants with severe GIT symptoms. These patients with severe GIT symptoms also reported the use of more adaptive equipment. CONCLUSION: This report from the CONQUER cohort suggests that severe GIT symptoms result in more resource utilization. It is especially important to understand resource utilization in early disease cohorts when disease activity, rather than damage, primarily contributes to health-related costs of SSc