La Marseillaise\u27 and French Nationalism

Paul R. Hanson\u27s entry for July 30 in the Book of Days 1987

Empress Josephine, 1763-1814

Paul R. Hanson\u27s entry for June 23 in the Book of Days 1988

The Federalist Revolt: An Affirmation or Denial of Popular Sovereignty?

After nearly two centuries of relative neglect by historians, the Federalist revolt of 1793 finally is receiving the attention it deserves. Book-length studies now exist for each of the main Federalist cities, and several articles have considered various aspects of either Federalism or the Federalist revolt.1 We are thus in a position to begin a fuller and more informed evaluation of the character and significance of the Federalist revolt..

Parties

Paul R. Hanson\u27s contribution to The Encyclopedia of Political Revolutions

Republicanism in France

Hanson\u27s contribution to the Encyclopedia of Enlightenment

Monarchist Clubs and the Pamphlet Debate over Political Legitimacy in the Early Years of the French Revolution

On the morning of 14 December 1790, an angry crowd surrounded the royal prison in Aix en-Provence and forced the release of the marquis de la Roquette and the avocat au parlement Jean Joseph Pascalis. Led by militant members of the Club des anti-politiques, a radical club in Aix composed largely of artisans, the crowd escorted the two men through the streets of Aix to the elegant Cours Mirabeau, where each was hanged by a rope from a street lantern. Later that day the same fate befell Andre-Raymond Guiramand, an elderly chevalier of St. Louis who in recent days had ardently and vocally defended the royalist cause from the steps of the cafe Guion. Thus abruptly ended the brief existence of the Club des amis de la paix in Aix, whose gala opening had been scheduled to occur two days earlier.1 This violent episode in the revolutionary history of Aix is but an extreme case among numerous confrontations between radical revolutionaries and the leaders of monarchist clubs that occurred throughout provincial France from December 1790 through late 1791. The appearance of these clubs in provincial towns roughly coincided with the formation of the Club monarchique in Paris and with the publication of a flurry of pamphlets and newspaper articles debating both the legitimacy of political clubs generally and the rights and responsibilities of particular clubs and their members. Yet the activities of monarchist clubs during this period have received scant attention in revolutionary historiography.2 We thus know very little about these clubs, which, de-spite their short life, contributed greatly to the polarization of politics in 1790-91

Outsourcing and Volatility

While outsourcing of production from the U.S. to Mexico has been hailed in Mexico as a valuable engine of growth, recently there have been misgivings regarding its fickleness and volatility. This paper is among the first in the trade literature to study the second moment properties of outsourcing. We begin by documenting a new stylized fact: the maquiladora outsourcing industries in Mexico experience fluctuations in value added that are roughly twice as volatile as the corresponding industries in the U.S. A difference-in-difference method is extended to second moments to verify the statistical significance of this finding. We then develop a stochastic model of outsourcing with heterogeneous firms that can explain this volatility. The model employs two novel mechanisms: an extensive margin in outsourcing which responds endogenously to transmit shocks internationally, and translog preferences which modulate firm entry.

Microwave-assisted sequential one-pot protocol to benzothiadiazin-3-one-1,1-dioxides via a copper-catalyzed N-arylation strategy

A microwave-assisted, sequential, one-pot protocol has been developed for the synthesis of a variety of benzothiadiazin-3-one-1,1-dioxides. This protocol utilizes a copper-catalyzed N-arylation of α-bromo-benzenesulfonamides with a number of amines to generate the corresponding 2-aminobenzenesulfonamides, which undergo cyclization to the desired sultams using carbonyl diimidazole (CDI). A range of conditions was evaluated for the key C–N bond formation step with tolerance toward functionalized amines

Synthetic Studies to Lyngbouilloside: A Phosphate Tether-Mediated Synthesis of the Macrolactone Core

A concise synthetic pathway to the originally assigned structure of lyngbouilloside macrolactone (3) is reported. The core macrocycle 3 was synthesized via a phosphate tether-mediated, one-pot, sequential RCM/CM/chemoselective hydrogenation reaction, Roskamp homologation, and a high yielding Boeckman acylketene cyclization