An Archeological Reconnaissance of the Talatha Unit, Sumter National Forest, Aiken County, South Carolina

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Studies in South Carolina Archaeology: Essays in Honor of Robert L. Stephenson

This multi-article volume was edited by Albert C. Goodyear, III, and Glen T. Hanson. Contents: Foreword.....ix Preface.....xi List of Contributors.....xiii List of Figures.....xv List of Tables.....xix South Carolina Human Remains as an Archaeological Resource: An Update - Ted A. Rathbun.....1 The Earliest South Carolinians - Albert C. Goodyear, III, James L. Michie, and Tommy Charles.....19 Pattern and Process in the Middle Archaic Period of South Carolina - Dennis B. Blanton and Kenneth E. Sassaman.....53 An Archaeological Overview of the South Carolina Woodland Period: It\u27s the Same Old Riddle - Michael B. Trinkley.....73 Sea Level Change, Estuarine Development and Temporal Variability in Woodland Period Subsistence-Settlement Patterning on the Lower Coastal Plain of South Carolina - Mark J. Brooks, Peter A. Stone, Donald J. Colquhoun, and Janice G. Brown.....91 The Mississippian in South Carolina - David G. Anderson.....101 Cofitachequi: Ethnohistorical and Archaeological Evidence - Chester B. DePratter.....133 From Archaeology to Interpretation at Charles Towne - Stanley South.....157 English-Spanish Conflict in 17th Century Carolina: A Theoretical Perspective - Michael Hartley.....169 Colonoware Ceramics: The Evidence from Vaughan and Curriboo Plantations - Patrick H. Garrow and Thomas R. Wheaton.....175 Lowcountry Plantations, the Catawba Nation, and River Burnished Pottery - Leland G. Ferguson.....185 An Examination of Historic Ceramic Seriation: A Case Study from the Savannah River Region of South Carolina - Richard D. Brooks and Glen T. Hanson.....193 Approaches to Archaeological Investigation of Charleston, South Carolina - Martha A. Zierden and Jeanne A. Calhoun.....207 Settlement Function and Archaeological Patterning in a Historic Urban Context: The Woodrow Wilson House in Columbia, South Carolina - Kenneth E. Lewis .....225 The Law and the Amateur in Resource Management - Alan Albright.....253 Index.....261https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_anthro_studies/1009/thumbnail.jp

The Intensive Archeological Survey of a Potential Defense Waste Processing Facility Site, Savannah River Plant, Aiken and Barnwell Counties, South Carolina

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The Intensive Archeological Survey of the Independent Spent Fuel Storage Facility, Savannah River Plant, Aiken and Barnwell Counties, South Carolina

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The Preliminary Archeological Inventory of the Savannah River Plant, Aiken and Barnwell Counties, South Carolina

Archeological investigations were conducted on the Savannah River Plant in Aiken and Barnwell Counties, South Carolina under contract with the United States Department of Energy by the Institute of Archeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina. The purpose of the study was to perform a reconnaissance and prepare a preliminary inventory of archeological sites in the plant in order to provide land use planning information. During three 2.5 month field seasons, 309 discrete sites were located and recorded within the plant boundaries using an opportunistic sampling strategy which focused on disturbed and exposed ground surfaces in the 200,000 acre study area. Approximately 450 linear miles, representing only a small portion of the plant (less than 10%), were covered in the fieldwork. Results of the survey were primarily of three kinds. First, 3 site classes--those related to base settlements, large limited activity, and small limited activity functions--were determined. Second, 141 occupational components, spanning the Early Archaic through the Historic Periods, were recognized at 103 sites. Occupational density appears to have been greatest during the Woodland Period from 1000 B.C. to about A.D. 1000. The third research area involved an inspection of occupational variability within five environmental zones (Upland, Slope, Dry Terrace, Flooded Terrace and Floodplain) to describe changes in land use. No significant variation between time periods was recognized, indicating similar land use patterns relating to hunting and gathering. Highest site frequencies occurred in the Dry Terrace and Floodplain Zones, which suggests a focus of all major settlements in high potential resource zones. In general, the information in this report presents the largest site survey data base known for the Savannah River below the Fall Line and is therefore of importance to the local prehistory.https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/1146/thumbnail.jp

An Intensive Archaeological Survey of the Vogtle-SRP 230KV Transmission Line, Savannah River Plant, Barnwell County, South Carolina

https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/1190/thumbnail.jp

The Human Occupation Along the Steel Creek Floodplain: Results of an Intensive Archeological Survey for the L Area Reactivation Project, Savannah River Plant, Barnwell County, South Carolina

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An Intensive Archaeological Survey of Potential Cooling Ponds for Pen Branch and Four Mile Creek, Savannah River Plant, Aiken and Barnwell Counties, South Carolina

https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/1189/thumbnail.jp

Haemolysis during Sample Preparation Alters microRNA Content of Plasma

The presence of cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) has been detected in a range of body fluids. The miRNA content of plasma/serum in particular has been proposed as a potential source of novel biomarkers for a number of diseases. Nevertheless, the quantification of miRNAs from plasma or serum is made difficult due to inefficient isolation and lack of consensus regarding the optimal reference miRNA. The effect of haemolysis on the quantification and normalisation of miRNAs in plasma has not been investigated in great detail. We found that levels of miR-16, a commonly used reference gene, showed little variation when measured in plasma samples from healthy volunteers or patients with malignant mesothelioma or coronary artery disease. Including samples with evidence of haemolysis led to variation in miR-16 levels and consequently decreased its ability to serve as a reference. The levels of miR-16 and miR-451, both present in significant levels in red blood cells, were proportional to the degree of haemolysis. Measurements of the level of these miRNAs in whole blood, plasma, red blood cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed that the miRNA content of red blood cells represents the major source of variation in miR-16 and miR-451 levels measured in plasma. Adding lysed red blood cells to non-haemolysed plasma allowed a cut-off level of free haemoglobin to be determined, below which miR-16 and miR-451 levels displayed little variation between individuals. In conclusion, increases in plasma miR-16 and miR-451 are caused by haemolysis. In the absence of haemolysis the levels of both miR-16 and miR-451 are sufficiently constant to serve as normalisers

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability