House Not for Sale...

The President\u27s Conference on Home Building and Home Ownership held in Washington, D. C., December 2 to 5, 1931, created wide interest, and was attended by over 3,000 citizens representing every state in the Union. Some readers of the Iowa Homemaker may have attended the conference, and a greater number may have heard the broadcast of the address of President Hoover at Constitution Hall

Pictures for the Home and School

Art is no longer a subject in which but few are interested. Everyone who has some degree of culture desires to know as much of art as of fine music, literature and the drama. Since we are still a young nation and have not vast treasures of original works of art at our very doors, as have the Europeans, we may at least derive the joy and benefits from the study of exhibits of fine reproduction, and the occasional opportunity of studying an exhibit of originals

Art Expression for the Child

Franz Cizek, professor of the Industrial Art School in Vienna, has made a notable contribution to art education through his young people \u27s classes in art

The Iowa Homemaker vol.9, no.5

Guide Our Giving by Bessie Hammer, page 1 Art Expression for the Child by Joanne M. Hansen, page 2 What About the Glamour? by Nielsine Hansen, page 3 Death to the Clothes Moth by Jean B. Guthrie, page 4 Long or Short? by Irene Evinger and Lillian Goodrow, page 4 Homemaker’s Books by Dorothy Parkhurst, page 5 4-H Club by Esther Sietman, page 6 State Association by Marcia E. Turner, page 8 Editorial, page 11 Alumnae News by Dorothy B. Anderson, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.8, no.6

Pictures for the Home and School by Joanne M. Hansen, page 1 Waste in Leisure by Ethyl Cessna Morgan, page 2 Sauce for the Goose by Margaret L. Marnette, page 3 Estonia Sends Another Student by Isabel Leith, page 4 Home Economics Research by Mildred Deischer, page 5 Girls’ 4-H Clubs by Lulu Tregoning, page 6 State Association Page by Marcia E. Turner, page 8 Editorial, page 11 Who’s There and Where by Vera Caulum, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.11, no.8

House Not for Sale… By Joanne M. Hansen, page 1 Home Management Mothers… By Helen Bishop, page 2 “Tell Me a Poem”… By Lorraine Sandstrom, page 3 When the Box Was Opened… By Cora B. Miller, page 4 Just Serve Yourself… By Ida M. Shilling, page 4 Modernizing Marriage… By Ethel Cessna Morgan, page 5 Girls 4-H Clubs By Clara Austin, page 6 Alumnae Echoes… By Anafred Stephenson, page 8 Editorial, page 9 Inside Information By Helen Jewell and Betty Martin, page 1

A central resource for accurate allele frequency estimation from pooled DNA genotyped on DNA microarrays

Analysing pooled DNA on microarrays is an efficient way to genotype hundreds of individuals for thousands of markers for genome-wide association. Although direct comparison of case and control fluorescence scores is possible, correction for differential hybridization of alleles is important, particularly for rare single nucleotide polymorphisms. Such correction relies on heterozygous fluorescence scores and requires the genotyping of hundreds of individuals to obtain sufficient estimates of the correction factor, completely negating any benefit gained by pooling samples. We explore the effect of differential hybridization on test statistics and provide a solution to this problem in the form of a central resource for the accumulation of heterozygous fluorescence scores, allowing accurate allele frequency estimation at no extra cost

A mixed methods approach to evaluating community drug distributor performance in the control of neglected tropical diseases

BACKGROUND: Trusted literate, or semi-literate, community drug distributors (CDDs) are the primary implementers in integrated preventive chemotherapy (IPC) programmes for Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) control. The CDDs are responsible for safely distributing drugs and for galvanising communities to repeatedly, often over many years, receive annual treatment, create and update treatment registers, monitor for side-effects and compile treatment coverage reports. These individuals are 'volunteers' for the programmes and do not receive remuneration for their annual work commitment. METHODS: A mixed methods approach, which included pictorial diaries to prospectively record CDD use of time, structured interviews and focus group discussions, was used to triangulate data on how 58 CDDs allocated their time towards their routine family activities and to NTD Programme activities in Uganda. The opportunity costs of CDD time were valued, performance assessed by determining the relationship between time and programme coverage, and CDD motivation for participating in the programme was explored. RESULTS: Key findings showed approximately 2.5 working weeks (range 0.6-11.4 working weeks) were spent on NTD Programme activities per year. The amount of time on NTD control activities significantly increased between the one and three deliveries that were required within an IPC campaign. CDD time spent on NTD Programme activities significantly reduced time available for subsistence and income generating engagements. As CDDs took more time to complete NTD Programme activities, their treatment performance, in terms of validated coverage, significantly decreased. Motivation for the programme was reported as low and CDDs felt undervalued. CONCLUSIONS: CDDs contribute a considerable amount of opportunity cost to the overall economic cost of the NTD Programme in Uganda due to the commitment of their time. Nevertheless, programme coverage of at least 75 %, as required by the World Health Organisation, is not being achieved and vulnerable individuals may not have access to treatment as a consequence of sub-optimal performance by the CDDs due to workload and programmatic factors

PD-L1, Galectin-9 and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with survival in hepatocellular carcinoma

Novel systemic treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are strongly needed. Immunotherapy is a promising strategy that can induce specific antitumor immune responses. Understanding the mechanisms of immune resistance by HCC is crucial for development of suitable immunotherapeutics. We used immunohistochemistry on tissue-microarrays to examine the co-expression of the immune inhibiting molecules PD-L1, Galectin-9, HVEM and IDO, as well as tumor CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration in HCC, in two independent cohorts of patients. We found that at least some expression in tumor cells was seen in 97% of cases for HVEM, 83% for PD-L1, 79% for Gal-9 and 66% for IDO. In the discovery cohort (n = 94), we found that lack of, or low, tumor expression of PD-L1 (p < 0.001), Galectin-9 (p < 0.001) and HVEM (p < 0.001), and low CD8+TIL count (p = 0.016), were associated with poor HCC-specific survival. PD-L1, Galectin-9 and CD8+TIL count were predictive of HCC-specific survival independent of baseline clinicopathologic characteristics and the combination of these markers was a powerful predictor of HCC-specific survival (HR 0.29; p <0.001). These results were confirmed in the validation cohort (n = 60). We show that low expression levels of PD-L1 and Gal-9 in combination with low CD8+TIL count predict extremely poor HCC-specific survival and it requires a change in two of these parameters to significantly improve prognosis. In conclusion, intra-tumoral expression of these immune inhibiting molecules was observed in the majority of HCC patients. Low expression of PD-L1 and Galectin-9 and low CD8+TIL count are associated with poor HCC-specific survival. Combining immune biomarkers leads to superior predictors of HCC mortality

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy