396 research outputs found
Early career psychiatrists' preferences on e-learning: Viewpoint from the EPA Committee on Education.
This work was supported by a grant from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA)
Optimal Pacing for Running 400 m and 800 m Track Races
Physicists seeking to understand complex biological systems often find it
rewarding to create simple "toy models" that reproduce system behavior. Here a
toy model is used to understand a puzzling phenomenon from the sport of track
and field. Races are almost always won, and records set, in 400 m and 800 m
running events by people who run the first half of the race faster than the
second half, which is not true of shorter races, nor of longer. There is
general agreement that performance in the 400 m and 800 m is limited somehow by
the amount of anaerobic metabolism that can be tolerated in the working muscles
in the legs. A toy model of anaerobic metabolism is presented, from which an
optimal pacing strategy is analytically calculated via the Euler-Lagrange
equation. This optimal strategy is then modified to account for the fact that
the runner starts the race from rest; this modification is shown to result in
the best possible outcome by use of an elementary variational technique that
supplements what is found in undergraduate textbooks. The toy model reproduces
the pacing strategies of elite 400 m and 800 m runners better than existing
models do. The toy model also gives some insight into training strategies that
improve performance.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the American Journal of Physic
Is Suicide the End Point of Ageism and Human Rights Violations?
Ageism and human rights violations may pervade each of the potential factors underlying suicidal ideation or behavior in older persons, including physical and mental health, disability, relationships, and social factors. We outline how infringements of human rights and ageism may create or exacerbate risk factors associated with suicide in older persons. Strategies to address these issues are discussed, including tackling ageism, psychosocial interventions and education. A United Nations convention on the rights of older persons would create a uniform standard of accountability across health and social systems. Future studies are needed to evaluate the effects of alleviating ageism and human rights violations on suicide. (Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 29:1047-1052
El camino de la kata en el judo Kodokan
Este artículo presenta una “inmersión profunda” en los ejercicios formales (katas) del judo Kodokan. De forma específica, tiene dos objetivos: (i) explicar el propósito de la kata en judo, y (ii) evaluar de manera crítica el concepto de campeonatos de katas. Para alcanzar estos objetivos, ofrecemos los comentarios personales de los autores, observaciones de fuentes japonesas poco frecuentes, así como muestras del pensamiento de expertos mundiales de judo. Concluimos que el concepto de campeonatos de katas es fundamentalmente erróneo y que además daña el entrenamiento de las katas
The Way of Kata in Kodokan Judo
[ES] Este artículo presenta una “inmersión profunda” en los ejercicios formales (katas) del judo Kodokan. De forma específica, tiene dos objetivos: (I) explicar el propósito de la kata en judo, y (II) evaluar de manera crítica el concepto de campeonatos de katas. Para alcanzar estos objetivos, ofrecemos los comentarios personales de los autores, observaciones de fuentes japonesas poco frecuentes, así como muestras del pensamiento de expertos mundiales de judo. Concluimos que el concepto de campeonatos de katas es fundamentalmente erróneo y que además daña el entrenamiento de las katas
Spurious diffusion in particle simulations of the Kolmogorov flow
Particle simulations of the Kolmogorov flow are analyzed by the
Landau-Lifshitz fluctuating hydrodynamics. It is shown that a spurious
diffusion of the center of mass corrupts the statistical properties of the
flow. The analytical expression for the corresponding diffusion coefficient is
derived.Comment: 10 pages, no figure
Pacing Ability in Elite Runners with Intellectual Impairment
Purpose. To understand how athletes invest their energy over a race, differences in pacing ability between athletes with and without intellectual impairment (II) were explored using a novel field test. Methods. Well-trained runners (n=67) participated in this study, including 34 runners with II (age = 24.4 +/- 4.5 years; IQ = 63.1 +/- 7.7) and 33 runners without II (age = 31.4 +/- 11.2 years). The ability to perform at a pre-planned submaximal pace was assessed. Two 400m running trials were performed on an athletics track, with an individually standardized velocity. In the first trial, the speed was imposed by auditory signals given in 20m-40m intervals, in combination with coach-feedback during the initial 200m. The participant was instructed to maintain this velocity without any feedback during the final 200m. In trial 2, no coach-feedback was permitted. Results. Repeated measures analyses revealed a significant between-groups effect. II-runners deviated more from the target time than runners without II. The significant trial x group interaction effect (F = 4.15, p<.05) revealed that the ability to self-regulate the pace during the final 200m improved for runners without II (Trial 1: 1.7 +/- 1.0s, Trial 2: 0.9 +/-0.8s) whereas the II-runners deviated even more in Trial 2 (4.4 +/- 4.3s), than in Trial 1 (3.2 +/- 3.9s). Conclusion. Our findings support the assumption that intellectual capacity is involved in pacing. It is demonstrated that II-runners have difficulties maintaining a preplanned submaximal velocity, and this study contributes to understanding problems II-exercisers might experience when exercising. With this field test, we can assess the impact of II on pacing and performance in individual athletes which will lead to a fair Paralympic classification-procedure
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