Structure-function analysis of the TonB protein of Salmonella typhimurium

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D171346 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

The seeping and creeping of haunted memory : tracing the concentrationary in post-war cinema

This thesis aims to establish a foundation for investigating, in post-war cinema, occurrences, traces and evocations of what concentration camp survivor David Rousset named the 'concentrationary universe' - which is distinct from sites of genocidal extermination. An eclectic archive of mostly British films are case studies for the exposure of a concentrationary imaginary as both a narrative element and feature of the image track. In order to trace the ways in which the hypothetical concentrationary imaginary might operate, the citational, indexical, and amnesiac 'orders' of concentrationary image are identified. 'Concentrationary seep' and 'creep' are proposed as terms describing mechanisms by which these images inhabit, infiltrate and emerge upon the surface of films which often have never been considered in any relationship to concentration camps. The thesis forms part of the AHRC Research Project Concentrationary Memories: The Politics of Representation, directed by Griselda Pollock and Max Silverman. The project makes a distinction from established critical discourse around 'holocaust memory'. Concentrationary memory is vigilant against the menace of what Jacques Lacan in 1949 called 'concentrationary forms of the social bond', of which 'concentrationary images' are symptoms. The cultural failure otanxious memory is addressed by plotting how elements of what was initiated in Nazi laboratories of human destruction, have become a cultural reservoir. Informed by witnesses such as Rousset and the psychoanalytical theory of Lacan, I also engage with the work of thinkers like Giorgio Agamben and Klaus Theweleit in uncovering often surprising concentrationary resonances. The films are 'played off' against such critically 'aware' cultural interventions as Alain Resnais' Night and Fog. By building an archive from traces, hauntings, and surfacings, theoretical and methodological foundations are created for analysing a concentrationary imaginary in popular cinema. Between cinema and cultural memory studies, the thesis aims to contribute to cultural analysis of concentrationary legacies.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Electrohydrodynamic comminution: a novel technique for the aerosolisation of plasmid DNA.

PURPOSE: Naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) is a potential gene transfer agent for lung gene therapies but cannot be aerosolised without degradation using conventional nebulisation devices. This study investigated the viability of an alternative nebulisation technique, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) comminution for the aerosol delivery of naked DNA in vivo. METHODS: Naked pDNA was aerosolised using jet and ultrasonic nebulisers, and by EHD comminution. Degradation associated with the aerosolisation process was investigated using gel electrophoresis and by transfection studies in cell culture. Optimised formulations for EHD aerosolisation of pDNA were developed and in vivo deposition and reporter gene expression were investigated in mice. RESULTS: Unlike conventional nebulisation devices, EHD comminution of plasmids up to 15 kb in size resulted in no detectable pDNA degradation. EHD formulations containing up to 1 mg/ml pDNA were developed and shown to produce monodisperse aerosols suitable for targeted lung delivery in humans. Aerosolisation studies in vivo demonstrated detectable levels of pDNA deposition and measurable luciferase reporter gene expression in the lungs of exposed mice. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates for the first time that respirable aerosols of naked pDNA can be generated without plasmid degradation and that EHD comminution is an appropriate technique for the aerosolisation of delicate gene transfer agents

Electrohydrodynamic comminution: a novel technique for the aerosolisation of plasmid DNA.

PURPOSE: Naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) is a potential gene transfer agent for lung gene therapies but cannot be aerosolised without degradation using conventional nebulisation devices. This study investigated the viability of an alternative nebulisation technique, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) comminution for the aerosol delivery of naked DNA in vivo. METHODS: Naked pDNA was aerosolised using jet and ultrasonic nebulisers, and by EHD comminution. Degradation associated with the aerosolisation process was investigated using gel electrophoresis and by transfection studies in cell culture. Optimised formulations for EHD aerosolisation of pDNA were developed and in vivo deposition and reporter gene expression were investigated in mice. RESULTS: Unlike conventional nebulisation devices, EHD comminution of plasmids up to 15 kb in size resulted in no detectable pDNA degradation. EHD formulations containing up to 1 mg/ml pDNA were developed and shown to produce monodisperse aerosols suitable for targeted lung delivery in humans. Aerosolisation studies in vivo demonstrated detectable levels of pDNA deposition and measurable luciferase reporter gene expression in the lungs of exposed mice. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates for the first time that respirable aerosols of naked pDNA can be generated without plasmid degradation and that EHD comminution is an appropriate technique for the aerosolisation of delicate gene transfer agents